Question 1

W.I. Thomas suggested that sociologists ought to

Accepted Answer

W.I. Thomas is known for the Thomas theorem, which states that "if men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." This means that people's perceptions, even if incorrect, can have real effects and should be considered by sociologists.

Question 2

When W.I. Thomas argued that "if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences," he meant that

Accepted Answer

W.I. Thomas's statement highlights the importance of perceptions in shaping social reality, meaning that even if perceptions are incorrect, they can have real effects on behavior and outcomes, making them valuable for sociological study.

Question 3

A basic tenet of or doctrine in sociology is that human behavior is

Accepted Answer

Human behavior is shaped by social interaction, which is a fundamental concept in sociology, emphasizing the influence of society and social relationships on individual actions.

Question 4

Sociology is best understood as the study of

Accepted Answer

Sociology is the study of interactions and relations between human beings, focusing on how societies are structured and how they function.

Question 5

Which of the following factors helped spur the creation of sociology?

Accepted Answer

The technological and political changes experienced by industrializing societies in the 19th century led to significant social transformations, prompting the development of sociology to understand these changes.

Question 6

Which of the following events helped to encourage the emergence and initial growth of sociology?

Accepted Answer

The industrial revolution brought significant social changes and challenges, prompting the study of society and the development of sociology.

Question 7

Sociology emerged in the _________ as an attempt to make sense of the chaos left in the way of the________.

Accepted Answer

Sociology emerged in the 1800s as a response to the social changes and challenges brought about by the Industrial Revolution, which transformed societies and economies.

Question 8

Auguste Comte said that the political, technological, and social changes of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries had created a situation of

Accepted Answer

Auguste Comte believed that the rapid changes during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries led to a state of intellectual anarchy, where traditional beliefs and systems were being questioned and new ideas were emerging, leading to confusion and disorder in intellectual thought.

Question 9

Emile Durkheim is remembered for the path-breaking research in which he found that_________ are influenced by ____________, and not just by individual choices.

Accepted Answer

Durkheim's research demonstrated that suicide rates are influenced by social factors, such as social integration and regulation, rather than being solely the result of individual choices.

Question 10

Emile Durkheim studied the nature of social solidarity in modern and premodern societies. He argued that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Emile Durkheim studied the nature of social...

Question 11

According to Durkheim, mechanical solidarity predominates in

Accepted Answer

Mechanical solidarity predominates in premodern societies, where social cohesion is based on shared beliefs and similarities among individuals.

Question 12

Emile Durkheim viewed modern society as

Accepted Answer

Durkheim believed that modern society is characterized by organic solidarity, where social cohesion arises from the interdependence of individuals in more complex and specialized roles, leading to a smaller collective conscience compared to premodern societies.

Question 13

The collective conscience

Accepted Answer

The collective conscience is a concept introduced by Durkheim that refers to the shared values and beliefs within a society, which helps maintain social solidarity. It is considered to be more encompassing in premodern societies compared to modern ones.

Question 14

Emile Durkheim used the concept of ________________________ to refer to a kind of social unity based on a complex division of labor.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim used the concept of "organic solidarity" to describe social unity based on a complex division of labor, where individuals depend on each other's specialized roles.

Question 15

Durkheim demonstrated that suicide rates vary across groups. For example, he found that Protestants have higher rates of suicide than Catholics. Sociologists regard this as convincing evidence that

Accepted Answer

Durkheim's study showed that social integration and regulation, which differ between groups like Protestants and Catholics, influence suicide rates, indicating the importance of social factors in understanding suicide.

Question 16

Ferdinand Tö nnies said that Gemeinschaft-type relationships

Accepted Answer

Gemeinschaft-type relationships, according to Ferdinand Tönnies, are characterized by close-knit, personal, and community-oriented interactions, which were more common in premodern societies.

Question 17

Ferdinand Tö nnies would have said that the relationship between parents and children will most likely be

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand Tönnies described "Gemeinschaft" as a type of social relationship that is personal, close, and based on mutual bonds, which is typical of family relationships like those between parents and children.

Question 18

According to Ferdinand Tö nnies,

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand Tönnies described Gesellschaft social relations as impersonal and based on individual self-interest, where relationships are seen as means to ends.

Question 19

Max Weber argued that

Accepted Answer

Max Weber argued that the modern social world is becoming increasingly rational and calculating, emphasizing the process of rationalization in society.

Question 20

According to Max Weber, when people engage in nonrational behavior, they

Accepted Answer

Max Weber's concept of nonrational behavior refers to actions taken for their own sake, such as those done for enjoyment or emotional satisfaction, rather than for a specific practical purpose.

Quiz 1: Responding to Chaos: A Brief History of Sociology, the Sociological Eye, Science and Fuzzy Objects: Specialization in Sociology, and Whos Afraid of Sociology