Question 1

The structure that attaches a leaf to the rest of the plant is the:

Accepted Answer

The petiole is the structure that connects the blade of a leaf to the stem of the plant. The blade is the flattened portion of the leaf, the stoma is a tiny pore on the surface of the leaf that allows for gas exchange, and the stem is the main structural support of the plant.

Question 2

Flower parts arranged in multiples of four or five is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

Flower parts arranged in multiples of four or five are characteristic of dicots, distinguishing them from monocots, which typically have flower parts in multiples of three.

Question 3

About 90 percent of water absorbed through roots is lost to the atmosphere due to the process of:

Accepted Answer

Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from plants through small pores called stomata on the leaves. About 90 percent of the water absorbed through the roots is lost back into the atmosphere through transpiration.

Question 4

The trap of a carnivorous plant such as the Venus flytrap is what plant structure?

Accepted Answer

The trap of a Venus flytrap is a modified leaf structure used for capturing insects.

Question 5

The major advantage provided to plants by root hairs is:

Accepted Answer

Root hairs greatly increase the absorptive surface area of the roots, allowing for greater absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.

Question 6

The outer portion of the "ground tissue" of a stem is referred to as its:

Accepted Answer

The outer portion of the ground tissue of a stem is called the cortex, while the inner portion is called the pith. Sepals are modified leaves found in flowers, and mesophyll is a specialized tissue found in leaves.

Question 7

Which plant tissue is associated with a waxy coating called the cuticle?

Accepted Answer

The dermal tissue is the outermost layer of plant tissue and is responsible for protecting the plant from damage and dehydration. The cuticle is a waxy coating that covers the surface of the dermal tissue, preventing water loss and protecting against disease and pests.

Question 8

Vascular tissue that conducts food produced during photosynthesis is the:

Accepted Answer

The vascular tissue that conducts food produced during photosynthesis is called phloem. Xylem conducts water and minerals, meristematic tissue is responsible for plant growth and development, and ground substance provides support and storage for plants.

Question 9

Secondary woody growth is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

Secondary woody growth, also known as secondary growth, is characteristic of dicots. Dicots are a broad group of flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons, and typically have broad leaves with net-like veins. Secondary growth in dicots results in the formation of wood and bark, which allows for the growth and support of the plant as it ages. Monocots, on the other hand, do not undergo secondary growth and therefore do not produce wood or bark. Non-flowering seed plants, such as conifers and cycads, also undergo secondary growth and produce wood and bark.

Question 10

A ring of vascular bundles in a stem is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

Many dicots have a ring of vascular bundles in their stems, which is a characteristic feature distinguishing them from monocots, which typically have scattered vascular bundles.

Question 11

Narrow,parallel-veined leaves are characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

Narrow, parallel-veined leaves are a characteristic of monocots, while dicots typically have broad, net-veined leaves. Non-flowering seed plants may have various types of leaves, but they are not typically characterized as narrow and parallel-veined. Therefore, the best choice is A) monocots.

Question 12

Vascular tissue that conducts water and minerals is the:

Accepted Answer

Xylem is the vascular tissue that conducts water and minerals from roots to different parts of the plant.

Question 13

Refer to the scenario below, and then answer the following question(s).
A friend of yours finds a plastic bag containing what appear to be similar seeds collected last year during a vacation hiking trip. Your friend isn't quite sure which plant he collected them from. You open the seed with a sharp knife, examine the inside, and ask him if it was a non-woody plant with narrow leaves. Now recalling the plant, and astonished by your "detective work," he says, "Yes! How did you know?" Your friend then presents several pressed flowers and states that one of the flowers was from the plant from which he collected the seeds, but he isn't exactly sure which one. You examine the petals and sepals of each flower. The first flower has six parts, the second has five parts, and the third has eight parts.
-How did you know by examining the seed that it was a non-woody plant with narrow leaves?

Accepted Answer

The presence of one cotyledon in the seed indicates that it belongs to a monocot plant, which are typically non-woody and have narrow leaves. Dicot plants, on the other hand, have two cotyledons and can be woody or herbaceous with a variety of leaf shapes.

Question 14

Which flower would you select as the one matching the plant from which he gathered the seeds?

Accepted Answer

The flower with six parts matches the plant from which he gathered the seeds because the plant has six stamens.

Question 15

Guard cells are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves that control the opening and closing of stomata, which are small pores that allow gases to enter and exit the leaf. By opening and closing the stomata, guard cells regulate the passage of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor into and out of the leaf, which is important for photosynthesis and water conservation. Guard cells do not transport water and minerals or protect the leaf, and they do not photosynthesize directly.

Question 16

Which kind of root system consists of a large central root and numerous lateral roots?

Accepted Answer

A taproot system consists of a large central root, known as a taproot, that grows deep into the ground, and numerous lateral roots that arise from it. Examples of plants with taproot systems include carrots, beets, and dandelions.

Question 17

In both monocotyledons and dicotyledons,a cotyledon is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A cotyledon is an embryonic leaf that is present in the seed of a plant. Both monocotyledons and dicotyledons have cotyledons, but the number of cotyledons differs between the two groups. Monocots have one cotyledon, while dicots have two cotyledons.

Question 18

Sepals are:

Accepted Answer

Sepals are leaf-like structures that protect a flower before it opens. They are usually green and are located at the base of the flower.

Question 19

Which plant tissue may play a role in photosynthesis,nutrient storage,and plant structure?

Accepted Answer

The ground tissue in a plant consists of cells that may play a role in photosynthesis (parenchyma cells), nutrient storage (sclerenchyma cells), and plant structure (collenchyma cells and sclerenchyma cells). The vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is responsible for transporting nutrients, water, and sugars throughout the plant, which are essential for photosynthesis and maintaining plant structure.

Question 20

Mesophyll cells are primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Mesophyll cells are responsible for photosynthesis, as they contain chloroplasts where the light-dependent and light-independent reactions occur. They are located in the middle layer of the leaf, where they can capture and use light energy to produce sugars through photosynthesis. Mesophyll cells do not play a significant role in transporting water or regulating gas exchange, although they do help to protect the leaf by maintaining its structure and supporting its functions.

Quiz 25: The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants