Question 1

In 1900, 14% of the U.S. population had been born in a foreign country. Today, that number is about

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

In the second half of the twentieth century, technological change greatly reduced ____ costs, which enhanced globalization.

Accepted Answer

The reduction in communication costs due to technological advancements greatly increased globalization. Communication technologies, such as the internet, made it easier and cheaper for businesses and individuals to connect and share information across borders. This facilitated international trade and investment, ultimately leading to increased globalization.

Question 3

Which of the following countries is not one of the most globalized countries as measured by Foreign Policy magazine (2007 rankings)?

Accepted Answer

According to Foreign Policy magazine's 2007 rankings, Brazil is not listed as one of the most globalized countries. The other four choices (Singapore, Switzerland, Hong Kong, and Ireland) are all included in the top 20 most globalized countries list.

Question 4

Trade based on comparative advantage

Accepted Answer

Trade based on comparative advantage allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services that they are most efficient at producing, and therefore can produce at a lower opportunity cost. This leads to increased efficiency and productivity, which in turn raises living standards by increasing the availability and affordability of goods and services.

Question 5

The movement of people across international borders is

Accepted Answer

Government policies such as visas, immigration laws, and border control greatly limit the movement of people across international borders. While globalization and the race to the bottom can have an impact on migration, they are not the main factors affecting the movement of people. The idea of migration as a buffer against speculative attacks is not related to the question.

Question 6

The forces that drive globalization

Accepted Answer

Globalization is a result of human interaction across borders, which has existed since centuries back. It is not a recent phenomenon and predates concepts like nation-states and capitalism. Fairness, equality and the initiation of globalization in the United States are not valid reasons that drive globalization.

Question 7

After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States,

Accepted Answer

All of these occurred. World trade fell as a result of the attacks because it disrupted global supply chains and slowed down economic activity. Political engagement increased as citizens became more invested in national security and foreign policy issues. International telephone calls increased as people tried to check on loved ones and communicate with others around the world. Internet usage also increased as people sought out information and tried to stay informed about the evolving situation.

Question 8

Even though transportation is much easier today and people have the right to move, many choose to stay in a particular area because

Accepted Answer

Family ties and cultural identity are strong factors that keep people rooted in a particular area. Language, customs, and traditions can also contribute to an individual's sense of belonging and attachment to a place. Even with modern transportation and job opportunities, these ties can be strong enough to deter people from moving away. Immigration laws, expense, and fears of terrorism may be factors for some individuals, but they are not universal reasons for staying in one area.

Question 9

Globalization is characterized by increased trade in

Accepted Answer

Globalization includes increased trade not only in goods, but also in services, financial assets, and technology. Therefore, option E is the best choice.

Question 10

The substantial increase in the volume of international telephone calls is due to all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The substantial increase in the volume of...

Question 11

Today, world trade as a fraction of world GDP is about the same as it was

Accepted Answer

Today, world trade as a fraction of world GDP has returned to levels similar to those at the end of the 19th century, after fluctuating during the 20th century due to wars and economic policies.

Question 12

Most of the countries that are closed to global trade are

Accepted Answer

Countries that are closed to global trade are usually among the poorest countries in the world. This is because they often lack the resources, infrastructure, and technology to compete in the global marketplace, and they may also have restrictive government policies that limit trade. Countries that are more developed and have larger economies tend to be more open to trade, as they have more to gain from taking part in global commerce.

Question 13

In addition to economic dimensions, globalization has ____ and ____ dimensions.

Accepted Answer

Globalization also has political and social dimensions. These dimensions involve changes in societal and cultural norms, political institutions, and the distribution of power and resources. The political dimension of globalization includes the increasing power of international organizations and the rise of transnational political movements. The social dimension involves the spread of ideas, values, and practices across borders, and the emergence of new cultural forms and identities.

Question 14

European exploration and colonization of the Americas could be interpreted as

Accepted Answer

European exploration and colonization of the Americas can be seen as an example of globalization, as it involved the integration of different regions and economies on a global scale, the transfer of people, goods, and ideas, and the emergence of new economic and political systems. The impact of this process on indigenous societies, ecosystems, and cultures was profound and far-reaching, shaping the course of history in the Americas and beyond. The other options are not appropriate as they do not capture the complexity or significance of this historical phenomenon.

Question 15

Which of the following is not one of the categories used in the Foreign Policy globalization rankings?

Accepted Answer

The categories used in the Foreign Policy globalization rankings are Political engagement, Technology, Personal contact, and Economic integration. Personal economics is not one of the categories used.

Question 16

The economic basis for trade is

Accepted Answer

The economic basis for trade is comparative advantage, which refers to the ability of a country to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another country. This allows both countries to benefit by specializing in the production of goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage and trading with each other. The other options listed (race to the bottom, speculative attacks, and insourcing) do not accurately describe the economic basis for trade.

Question 17

During the period between World War I and World War II, the value of international trade

Accepted Answer

The period between World War I and World War II saw a decline in the value of international trade due to the Great Depression, protectionist trade policies, and ultimately the outbreak of World War II.

Question 18

The pace of globalization is affected by technological change and

Accepted Answer

Technological change has a direct impact on declining transportation costs, which makes it easier and cheaper to transport goods and people across borders, leading to an increased pace of globalization. While population control, environmental movements, education levels, and political stability can also have an indirect impact on globalization, they are not as closely linked to technological change as declining transportation costs.

Question 19

For countries with large domestic markets, international trade is usually

Accepted Answer

Countries with large domestic markets may not have to rely heavily on international trade to maintain their GDP as their internal market can provide enough demand for goods and services. Therefore, international trade may only make up a small portion of their overall GDP.

Question 20

Over time, globalization has progressed at an uneven rate due to the uneven pace of ____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

Technological advancements have been a key driver of globalization, facilitating the exchange of goods, services, and ideas across borders. However, wars and conflicts can disrupt this process and impede the progress of globalization in certain regions or countries. Hence, the uneven pace of technological change and wars has led to uneven progress in globalization.

Quiz 18: Globalization