Question 1

It is possible to give monetary incentive in the form of Linden dollars in Second Life but nonmonetary incentives cannot be given.

Accepted Answer

Nonmonetary incentives such as virtual goods, services, and experiences can also be given in Second Life, in addition to Linden dollars.

Question 2

A preexperimental design in which a single group of test units is exposed to a treatment X, and then a single measurement on the dependent variable is taken, is called the one-shot case study.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of a one-shot case study design.

Question 3

A factorial design is a statistical experimental design used to measure the effects of two or more independent variables at various levels and to allow for interactions between variables.

Accepted Answer

This is a correct definition of a factorial design.

Question 4

According to the text, factorial designs are the most common statistical designs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, factorial designs are...

Question 5

Preexperimental designs are distinguished by the fact that the researcher can randomly assign test units to experimental groups and also randomly assign treatments to experimental groups.

Accepted Answer

Preexperimental designs do not have random assignment of test units to experimental groups, which distinguishes them from true experimental designs. In preexperimental designs, the groups may be assigned based on convenience or availability. However, treatments may still be randomly assigned to the groups.

Question 6

In the virtual world, it is more complex but much less costly to manipulate the independent variable and control for mediating variables than it is in the real world.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the virtual world, it is more...

Question 7

The random group is a preexperimental design in which a group of test units is measured before and after exposure to the treatment.

Accepted Answer

The description given refers to a "pretest-posttest" design, not a "random group" design. In a random group design, participants are randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group, which is not mentioned in the statement.

Question 8

The one-group pretest-posttest design is a design that involves randomization of the test units.

Accepted Answer

The one-group pretest-posttest design does not involve randomization of test units. It is a non-experimental design where a single group is measured before and after a treatment or intervention, without a comparison group or random assignment.

Question 9

The static group is a two-group experimental design in which one of the groups acts as a control group, the subjects are not assigned randomly, and measurements are made on both groups following the treatment.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the static group experimental design.

Question 10

All of the experimental designs discussed in the book can be implemented within the context of the virtual world but not the real social world.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Experimental designs can be implemented both in the virtual world and the real social world, though certain designs may be more feasible or practical in one setting over the other.

Question 11

The internal and external validity of field experiments conducted overseas is generally higher than in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Field experiments, whether conducted overseas or in the United States, can vary widely in their internal and external validity based on their design, execution, and context rather than their geographical location. The validity of an experiment is more closely related to its methodological rigor and the appropriateness of its setting to the research question, rather than the country in which it is conducted.

Question 12

A static group involves a prior measurement of the test units.

Accepted Answer

A static group does not necessarily involve a prior measurement of the test units; it typically refers to a group that does not change over time, especially in the context of an experimental design where the group does not receive the experimental treatment.

Question 13

Statistical designs allow for the statistical control and analysis of external variables.

Accepted Answer

Statistical designs often involve randomization and control groups to minimize the influence of external variables, allowing for statistical analysis of the outcome variable of interest.

Question 14

A field environment is an artificial setting for experimentation in which the researcher constructs the desired conditions.

Accepted Answer

A field environment is an actual, natural setting outside of the laboratory where research takes place. It is not an artificial setting constructed by the researcher.

Question 15

An experimental design in which there is randomization and the experimental group is exposed to the treatment but the control group is not and no pretest measure is taken is called the posttest-only control group design.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of a posttest-only control group design, which is a common experimental design used in scientific research. It involves randomly assigning participants to either an experimental or control group, with only the experimental group receiving the treatment of interest. After the treatment has been administered, a posttest measure is taken to compare the outcomes of the two groups. Since there is no pretest measure taken, any observed differences between the groups can be assumed to be due to the treatment.

Question 16

True experimental designs include the pretest-posttest control group design and the posttest-only control group design.

Accepted Answer

This is correct, true experimental designs include both the pretest-posttest control group design and the posttest-only control group design. In both of these designs, participants are randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a control group, and the treatment effects are measured by comparing the outcomes between the two groups. The pretest-posttest control group design includes a pretest measurement before the intervention and a posttest measurement after the intervention, while the posttest-only control group design only includes a posttest measurement after the intervention.

Question 17

A laboratory environment involves measurement of behavior, attitudes, or perceptions in the environment in which they occur.

Accepted Answer

A laboratory environment typically involves a controlled setting where variables can be manipulated and behaviors observed under specific conditions, rather than measuring behaviors, attitudes, or perceptions in their natural environment.

Question 18

As compared to the field, experimentation in social media offers the advantages of ease of implementation and lower cost.

Accepted Answer

Experimentation in social media is easier to implement and cheaper than other fields conducting experiments, such as scientific or medical research.

Question 19

Responses given because the respondents attempt to guess the purpose of the experiment and respond accordingly are called demand artifacts.

Accepted Answer

Demand artifacts are caused by participants attempting to guess the purpose of the experiment and responding in a way they think is expected or desired.

Question 20

Opinions, tastes, and preferences in virtual worlds are the same as in a real setting.

Accepted Answer

Opinions, tastes, and preferences can significantly differ between virtual worlds and real settings due to factors like anonymity, role-playing, and the distinct social and physical constraints of each environment.

Quiz 6: Experimentation and Causal Research