Question 1

The U.S. Department of Commerce developed a ________ framework in order to enable U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries.
A) COPPA
B) P3P
C) PGP
D) safe-harbor

Accepted Answer

The safe-harbor framework was developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce to provide a way for U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries. COPPA is a U.S. law that protects children's online privacy. P3P is a protocol for websites to communicate their privacy policies. PGP is an encryption protocol for secure communication.

Question 2

The strength of patent protection is that it
A) puts the strength of law behind copyright.
B) allows protection from Internet theft of ideas put forth publicly.
C) is easy to define.
D) grants a monopoly on underlying concepts and ideas.

Accepted Answer

Patents grant a monopoly on underlying concepts and ideas, giving the patent holder exclusive rights to exploit and profit from their invention without competition. This encourages innovation and investment in research and development, leading to advances in technology and economic growth.

Question 3

What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others?
A) patent protection
B) intellectual property law
C) copyright law
D) fair use doctrine

Accepted Answer

Copyright law protects the original works of authorship, including literary, artistic, and musical works, by giving the creator exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and display their work. This legal mechanism prevents others from copying or using the work without the owner's permission.

Patent protection is more relevant for inventions and physical products, and it gives the owner exclusive rights to make, use, and sell their creation for a limited time.

Intellectual property law is a broader term that encompasses various legal mechanisms used to protect intellectual creations, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks.

Fair use doctrine is a legal principle that allows limited use of copyrighted materials for certain purposes, such as criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research. However, fair use is subject to several factors and limitations, and it does not provide complete protection against copyright infringement.

Question 4

The most common source of business system failure is
A) software bugs.
B) software errors.
C) hardware or facilities failures.
D) data quality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common source of business system...

Question 5

The Online Privacy Alliance
A) encourages self-regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.
B) protects user privacy during interactions with Web sites.
C) has established technical guidelines for ensuring privacy.
D) is a government agency regulating the use of customer information.

Accepted Answer

The Online Privacy Alliance encourages self-regulation and the development of privacy guidelines for its members. It is not a government agency, and does not have established technical guidelines for privacy protection during interactions with websites.

Question 6

Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?
A) HIPAA
B) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
C) Privacy Protection Act
D) Freedom of Information Act

Accepted Answer

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) is a U.S. law that gives patients access to their personal medical records and allows them to authorize how their information can be used or disclosed. Under HIPAA, healthcare providers, insurers, and other covered entities must follow strict guidelines to protect the privacy and security of patients' health information. The other options listed, such as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, Privacy Protection Act, and Freedom of Information Act, do not specifically address medical records privacy and patient access to those records.

Question 7

A(n) ________ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.
A) opt-in
B) opt-out
C) P3P
D) PGP

Accepted Answer

An opt-out model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.

Question 8

The Internet has made the protection of intellectual property
A) more difficult, because of the lack of enforcable regulations.
B) easier, because of the proliferation of creative and professional software.
C) more difficult, because of the ease of copying and transmitting digitized media.
D) easier, because of the ability to track user behavior and visits to Web sites and file-sharing services.

Accepted Answer

The ease of copying and transmitting digitized media via the Internet has made it more difficult to protect intellectual property. This is because digital copies can be produced without degradation of quality, making it easier for people to reproduce and distribute intellectual property without permission or payment. While there are some regulations and tools available for enforcing intellectual property rights online, they are not foolproof and can lag behind the rapid pace of technological innovation.

Question 9

One of the difficulties of patent protection is
A) that only the underlying ideas are protected.
B) digital media cannot be patented.
C) preventing the ideas from falling into public domain.
D) the years of waiting to receive it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the difficulties of patent protection...

Question 10

The robotics startup you work for has developed an AI-controlled robotic nurse, intended to care for end-of-life patients who are often unconscious. Which of the five moral dimensions does this raise?
A) system quality
B) quality of life
C) accountability and control
D) property rights and obligations

Accepted Answer

The development of an AI-controlled robotic nurse raises concerns about the quality of life dimension, as it involves caring for end-of-life patients who may not be conscious. The use of technology to care for patients raises ethical questions about the quality of care provided and the potential impact on the patient's well-being. The other dimensions listed do not directly apply to this scenario.

Question 11

Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials?
A) Digital Millennium Copyright Act
B) Privacy Act
C) Freedom of Information Act
D) Electronic Communications Privacy Act

Accepted Answer

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) is a U.S. law that was enacted in 1998 to update copyright laws for the digital age. One of the main provisions of the DMCA is that it makes it illegal to circumvent technological measures used to protect copyrighted works, such as digital rights management (DRM) software. This means that anyone who tries to bypass these measures, such as by hacking or cracking the security features of a software or media file, can be held liable for copyright infringement. The other options listed are not related to adjustments in copyright laws for the Internet age.

Question 12

The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that
A) customers must be allowed to choose how their information will be used for secondary purposes other than the supporting transaction.
B) data collectors must take responsible steps to assure that consumer information is accurate and secure from unauthorized use.
C) there is a mechanism in place to enforce FIP principles.
D) Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.

Accepted Answer

The Notice/Awareness principle requires that websites must disclose their information practices before collecting data. This means that websites must provide clear and conspicuous notice to consumers about what information they collect, how they use it, and how they protect it. By doing so, consumers can make informed decisions about whether to share their personal information with a particular website or not.

Question 13

When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored
A) on the Web site computer.
B) on the visitor's computer.
C) on the ISP's computer.
D) in a Web directory.

Accepted Answer

Cookies are small text files that are downloaded onto the visitor's computer by the website they are visiting. The website then accesses these cookies during future visits to personalize the user's experience.

Question 14

The P3P standard is concerned with
A) controlling pop-up ads based on user profiles and preventing ads from collecting or sending information.
B) allowing users to surf the Web anonymously.
C) scrambling data so that it can't be read.
D) blocking or limiting cookies.

Accepted Answer

The P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences Project) standard is designed to give users more control over their personal information by allowing them to manage how cookies are used and what data websites can collect.

Question 15

European privacy protection is ________ than in the United States.
A) less far-reaching
B) less liable to laws
C) much less stringent
D) much more stringent

Accepted Answer

European privacy protection is much more stringent than in the United States. Europe has passed comprehensive privacy laws like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) which grants individuals extensive rights concerning their personal data, whereas the United States has no equivalent federal law.

Question 16

A limitation of trade secret protection for software is that
A) it does not protect against copying the underlying ideas behind the software.
B) it is difficult to compare one piece of software to another.
C) it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain.
D) few software programs contain truly unique elements.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A limitation of trade secret protection for...

Question 17

It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because
A) any programming code is susceptible to error.
B) it is too expensive to create perfect software.
C) errors can be introduced in the maintenance stage of development.
D) any software of any complexity will have errors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is not feasible for companies to...

Question 18

"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with
A) the distinction between tangible and intangible ideas.
B) the distinction between an idea and its expression.
C) using the graphical elements of another product.
D) using the creative elements of another product.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are...

Question 19

In general, it is very difficult to hold software producers liable for their software products when those products are considered to be
A) part of a machine.
B) similar to books.
C) services.
D) artistic expressions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general, it is very difficult to...

Question 20

Intellectual property can best be described as
A) intangible property created by individuals or corporations.
B) the expression of an intangible idea.
C) unique creative work or ideas.
D) tangible or intangible property created from a unique idea.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual property refers to intangible property that is created by individuals or corporations, such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, and other intangible forms of property.

Quiz 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

The U.S. Department of Commerce developed a ________ framework in order to enable U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries.

The strength of patent protection is that it

What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others?

The most common source of business system failure is

The Online Privacy Alliance

Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?

A(n) ________ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.

The Internet has made the protection of intellectual property

One of the difficulties of patent protection is

The robotics startup you work for has developed an AI-controlled robotic nurse, intended to care for end-of-life patients who are often unconscious. Which of the five moral dimensions does this raise?

Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials?

The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that

When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored

The P3P standard is concerned with

European privacy protection is ________ than in the United States.

A limitation of trade secret protection for software is that

It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because

"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with

In general, it is very difficult to hold software producers liable for their software products when those products are considered to be

Intellectual property can best be described as