Question 1

There is considerable disagreement as to whether training schools and prisons are effective deterrents to:

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

There is evidence of ____________ public and legislative support for rehabilitation of juvenile offenders.

Accepted Answer

There is significant public and legislative support for rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. This can be seen in the increasing number of community-based rehabilitation programs and the shift towards a more restorative justice system that aims to repair harm and reintegrate juveniles back into the community. Additionally, many states have passed laws that divert nonviolent juvenile offenders from the traditional court system to alternative programs that focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment.

Question 3

Politics of the 1980s produced a greater division between what?

Accepted Answer

The politics of the 1980s, particularly in the United States under the Reagan administration, saw policies that widened the gap between various social and economic groups, including the jobless and employed, racial divisions, and the disparities between affluent suburbs and inner cities.

Question 4

Who failingly predicted a trend of serious and violent juvenile crime by "superpredators"?

Accepted Answer

Criminologists of the 1990s, including John Dilulio, Jr., predicted a trend of serious and violent juvenile crime by "superpredators," but this prediction has been criticized for being racially biased and over-exaggerated. The other options, FBI profilers of the 1990s and The Commission on Juvenile Delinquency, are not known for making this specific prediction.

Question 5

What was the second major presidential crime commission?

Accepted Answer

The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals was the second major presidential crime commission, created in 1973 by President Nixon. It was tasked with identifying ways to improve the criminal justice system and reduce crime rates. The commission's recommendations led to the creation of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1974, which established several new federal agencies and programs to address issues such as organized crime, drug trafficking, and terrorism.

Question 6

Which were not recommendations made by the Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime Task Force?

Accepted Answer

The Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime Task Force did not recommend deinstitutionalization of youth from rehabilitation programs. The other three options (A, B, and D) were among the recommendations.

Question 7

The juvenile court was developed in the context of what?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The juvenile court was developed in the...

Question 8

For how many years has the federal government been helping local communities?

Accepted Answer

The federal government has been helping local communities for more than 40 years through various programs and initiatives aimed at improving public services, infrastructure, and economic development.

Question 9

Referrals and purchase of services form the private sector have ____________ diversification and decentralization of services in many states.

Accepted Answer

Referrals and purchase of services from the private sector have led to increased diversification and decentralization of services in many states. This is because private sector organizations are often more flexible and responsive to market demand, and may offer services that traditional public sector organizations do not. As a result, patients have more choices in where they receive care, and often have access to more specialized or customized services. This can help to improve overall health outcomes and patient satisfaction, as individuals are better able to find the services that meet their unique needs.

Question 10

What report did the president's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice indicate to the federal government as a pressing initiative?

Accepted Answer

The president's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice indicated the "Task Force Report: Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime" to the federal government as a pressing initiative. This report was part of a series of studies initiated by the commission to address various aspects of crime and justice in the United States.

Question 11

From 1985 to 1989 the average daily population and total census count of juveniles in public facilities increased by what percent?

Accepted Answer

Between 1985 and 1989, both the average daily population and the total census count of juveniles in public facilities increased by 14%.

Question 12

Private juvenile treatment programs often provide better services in residential settings that are more _____________ and less ____________.

Accepted Answer

Private juvenile treatment programs often prioritize creating a more humane and supportive environment for their residents, rather than an institutional one that can feel harsh and punitive. This can lead to improved outcomes for the juvenile participants.

Question 13

The "juvenile crime waive" was during what decade interval?

Accepted Answer

The "juvenile crime waive" refers to the trend of trying more juveniles as adults in criminal court, and it occurred mainly in the 1990s, particularly starting around 1988 and continuing through the early 2000s. Therefore, choice D, 1984 to 1994, is the best answer.

Question 14

According to the Juvenile Residential Facility Census(JRFC) in 2002, what total of juveniles were held in public facilities?

Accepted Answer

According to the Juvenile Residential Facility Census (JRFC) in 2002, the total number of juveniles held in public facilities was around 102,000. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. The other answer choices (B, C, and D) are incorrect as they do not match the actual data provided by the JRFC report.

Question 15

In the age referred to as "culture of control" how is crime viewed?

Accepted Answer

In the culture of control, crime is viewed as a product of bad choices made by bad individuals who are seen as responsible for their actions. This perspective emphasizes individual responsibility and punishment as a way of deterring future criminal behavior.

Question 16

Research evidence based on a wealth of criminological research shows that the causes' and explanations of delinquent behavior have virtually _________ in the past 50 years.

Accepted Answer

The research evidence suggests that the causes and explanations of delinquent behavior have remained unchanged in the past 50 years. This indicates that the underlying factors and root causes of delinquency, such as poverty, dysfunctional families, peer pressure, and societal factors, have remained constant over time. This highlights the need for ongoing research and interventions to address these root causes to prevent delinquent behavior.

Question 17

Juvenile crime is a local community problem but the federal government has played what role in crime control?

Accepted Answer

While juvenile crime is primarily a local community problem, the federal government has played a role in crime control by providing resources to local communities to help them deal with the challenges of juvenile crime, including funding for prevention programs and law enforcement initiatives. This has been done through various federal agencies such as the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) and the Department of Justice (DOJ). The other options listed are not accurate roles that the federal government has played in crime control.

Question 18

Efforts to deinstitutionalize youth from large training schools produced _______ results, the most dramatic being Massachusetts's closing of most of its state juvenile training schools in the early 1970s.

Accepted Answer

The word "mixed" indicates that the results were a combination of positive and negative outcomes. The example given for Massachusetts suggests that the deinstitutionalization efforts were successful in that state, but it doesn't necessarily mean that the same positive results were seen in all states or with all youth who were deinstitutionalized.

Question 19

The federal Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 __________ efforts to decriminalize status offenders.

Accepted Answer

The federal Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 increased efforts to decriminalize status offenders, as one of its main goals was to provide alternative ways of dealing with these youth rather than placing them in detention facilities with delinquent youth.

Question 20

Diversion programs, which were implemented in cities throughout the United States, have diverted many youth from what?

Accepted Answer

Diversion programs have been implemented in cities throughout the United States to divert youth from being processed through formal juvenile court. These programs aim to provide alternative options to traditional juvenile justice systems, such as counseling, community service, and restorative justice programs. In doing so, they offer youth the opportunity to avoid the negative consequences of a formal juvenile justice record and instead work towards rehabilitation and positive behavioral changes. While diversion programs may prevent youth from being subjected to a Juvenile Training School, they do not necessarily address the issue of abuse by other juvenile delinquents in detention centers.

Quiz 14: The Future of Juvenile Justice