Question 1

The part of the nervous system that consists of various nerve processes and receptors is the _____ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The peripheral nervous system consists of various nerve processes and receptors that carry information to and from the central nervous system.

Question 2

What is the term for an increased accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocephalus is the condition of increased accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain, often resulting in an enlargement of the head in infants.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct statement concerning sense organs?

Accepted Answer

Sense organs have receptors that detect sensations. The other options are incorrect as they do not accurately describe sense organs.

Question 4

Anorexia means absence of:

Accepted Answer

Anorexia refers to the loss or absence of appetite, often related to a medical or psychological condition such as an eating disorder.

Question 5

Absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs that results from a brain dysfunction is called:

Accepted Answer

Aphasia is defined as the inability or difficulty to communicate through speech, writing, or signs due to a brain dysfunction, usually caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Cephalalgia refers to headaches, cerebral contusion is a type of brain injury, and dyslexia is a learning disorder that affects reading ability.

Question 6

A large category of psychiatric disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the person, reality testing is within normal limits, and behavior does not violate gross social norms refers to:

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question matches the definition of neurosis, which is a category of psychiatric disorders where the individual experiences distress but still has a grip on reality and does not engage in behavior that blatantly violates social norms. Dysphagia refers to difficulty in swallowing, psychosis involves a break from reality, and pyromania is a specific type of impulse control disorder focused on setting fires.

Question 7

Paralysis affecting like parts on both sides of the body is:

Accepted Answer

Diplegia is a type of paralysis that affects like parts on both sides of the body, often seen in conditions like cerebral palsy. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis affecting one side of the body, while paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body. Cerebral palsy is a broad term that can encompass a variety of motor disabilities, including diplegia.

Question 8

Accumulation of blood in the space just beneath the dura mater is called:

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of blood in the space just beneath the dura mater is called subdural hematoma.

Question 9

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of head injury is called cerebral:

Accepted Answer

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of head injury is called a cerebral contusion. A concussion refers to a temporary loss of consciousness or memory loss, hemorrhage refers to bleeding in the brain, and palsy refers to weakness or paralysis of certain muscles.

Question 10

Complete or partial loss of muscle movement is called:

Accepted Answer

Akinesia refers to the complete loss of muscle movement, while bradykinesia refers to a partial loss or slowing of movement. Aphagia refers to difficulty or inability to swallow, and dyslexia refers to difficulty with reading and writing.

Question 11

An unstable emotional state that includes excessive excitement, elation, ideas, and psychomotor activities is:

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question matches the symptoms of mania, which is characterized by an unstable emotional state of excessive excitement, elation, ideas, and psychomotor activities. Claustrophobia is a fear of small spaces and does not fit the given description. Compulsive disorder is a condition in which a person has unreasonable thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions), but it does not necessarily involve excessive excitement and elation. Dementia is a syndrome that includes a decline in cognitive abilities, memory, and reasoning, and does not fit the given description either.

Question 12

Recording and analysis of the electrical activity of the brain is called:

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalography is the correct term for the recording and analysis of the electrical activity of the brain. Electroencephalogram and electroencephalograph both refer to the equipment used in the process. Encephalopathy refers to any disease or damage to the brain.

Question 13

A recurrent disorder characterized by sudden, brief attacks of altered consciousness, motor activity, or sensory phenomena is called:

Accepted Answer

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, sudden, and brief episodes of altered consciousness or motor/sensory activity. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis on one side of the body; neurasthenia is a rarely used term for a now-obsolete condition characterized by fatigue and weakness; paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower extremities.

Question 14

Abnormal slowness of movement or sluggishness of mental and physical processes is called:

Accepted Answer

Abnormal slowness of movement or sluggishness of mental and physical processes is referred to as bradykinesia.

Question 15

Release of a nerve sheath or relief of tension on a nerve is called:

Accepted Answer

The release or relief of tension on a nerve is called neurolysis. Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of the nervous system. Neurorrhaphy is the surgical repair of a severed nerve. Neurosclerosis is the hardening or scarring of nerve tissue.

Question 16

Surgical repair of a nerve or nerves is called:

Accepted Answer

Neuroplasty is the surgical repair of a nerve or nerves. Neurolysis is the surgical procedure in which adhesions (bands of scar tissue) that have developed between a nerve and surrounding tissue are broken down. Neuropathy is a disorder that affects the nerves responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body. Neurosclerosis is a condition in which the nervous tissue is hardened or undergoes induration.

Question 17

Which of the following is a chronic ailment of sudden, recurrent attacks of sleep or drowsiness?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects a person's sleep/wake cycle, causing sudden and uncontrollable episodes of daytime sleepiness, and sometimes muscle weakness or paralysis. It is characterized by recurrent attacks of sleep or drowsiness that can occur at any time of the day, even during activities such as driving or working. Concussion is a traumatic brain injury, encephalomalacia is the softening or atrophy of brain tissue, and palsy is a muscle weakness or paralysis caused by damage to the nerves that control those muscles. None of these conditions match the symptoms described in the question.

Question 18

Which of the following is a true statement about anesthesia?

Accepted Answer

The statement "The loss of sensation may be partial or complete" is a true statement about anesthesia. The other options are incorrect - anesthesia is not a synonym for cerebral concussion or narcolepsy, and herniation of the meninges is not expected during anesthesia.

Question 19

Abstention from eating that results from an inability to swallow is called:

Accepted Answer

Aphagia is the difficulty or inability to swallow, which can result in abstention from eating. Anorexia nervosa is a psychological disorder characterized by a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight. Aphasia is a language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate. Astigmatism is a common vision condition that causes blurry or distorted vision.

Question 20

The cerebrum, diencephalon, and cerebellum are parts of the:

Accepted Answer

The cerebrum, diencephalon, and cerebellum are all parts of the brain. The dendrites are part of neurons, the meninges are protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system refers to nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Quiz 13: Nervous System and Psychologic Disorders