Question 1

The sacral plexus is formed by the anterior primary rami of which spinal nerves?

Accepted Answer

S1 to S4, L4, and L5. The sacral plexus arises from the anterior primary rami of spinal nerves L4 and L5 and S1, S2, S3, and S4.

Question 2

The talocrural joint is capable of which two movements?

Accepted Answer

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. The talocrural (ankle) joint is capable of two movements. Dorsiflexion is the drawing up of the dorsum of the foot that allows the heel to strike the ground first. Plantarflexion is the opposite movement that points the foot downward. The intertarsal joint is capable of inversion and eversion of the ankle.

Question 3

Blood supply to the lower limb is provided through the _______ artery and its branches.

Accepted Answer

Femoral. The femoral artery supplies the entire lower limb through its various branches, which are the popliteal, fibular, posterior tibial, and anterior tibial arteries.

Question 4

The _______ nerve, which is the largest nerve in the body, runs down the back of the thigh and then divides into two branches, the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve.

Accepted Answer

Sciatic. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. Just above the knee, it divides into two terminal branches, the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve.

Question 5

In the knee, the condyles of the femur and tibia are partially separated by two fibrocartilaginous discs, the ___________________________________.

Accepted Answer

Medial and lateral menisci. The condyles of the femur and the tibia are partially separated by two interposing fibrocartilaginous discs, or menisci, the medial and lateral menisci. Each meniscus is C-shaped, and a transverse ligament joins their anterior margins.

Question 6

The semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and posterior portion of the adductor magnus muscles are colloquially referred to as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings. The hamstrings are muscles that are extensors of the hip and flexors of the knee. These muscles are the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and the posterior portion of the adductor magnus muscles.

Question 7

The weight-bearing bone of the leg is the _________________________.

Accepted Answer

Tibia. The tibia is relatively massive because it bears all the weight transmitted from the femur and, in turn, transfers the weight to the ankle. The fibula is not weight-bearing. The femur is in the thigh.

Question 8

The large bone of the thigh is the ___________________________.

Accepted Answer

Femur. The femur is the only bone of the thigh. It is a large, long bone that articulates with the os coxae and two large condyles that articulate inferiorly with the tibia.

Question 9

All of the following muscles are involved in flexion of the hip except the __________.

Accepted Answer

Soleus. The iliacus and psoas muscles (together referred to as the iliopsoas muscle), the rectus femoris muscle, and the sartorius muscle all contribute to hip flexion. The soleus muscle is responsible for plantarflexion of the foot.

Question 10

The ________ is a sesamoid bone embedded within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Its anterior surface is roughened for the tendinous attachments to the quadriceps femoris muscle.

Accepted Answer

Patella. The patella is a sesamoid bone embedded within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Its anterior surface is roughened for the attachments to the quadriceps femoris muscle.

Quiz 10: The Lower Limb