Question 1

There is little consensus on the management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). However, nurses can advise women on several self-help modalities that often result in symptom improvement. The nurse knows that health teaching has been effective when the woman reports that she has adopted a number of lifestyle changes, including (choose all that apply):
A) Regular exercise.
B) Improved nutrition.
C) A daily glass of wine.
D) Smoking cessation.
E) Oil of evening primrose.

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise, improved nutrition, smoking cessation, and the use of oil of evening primrose are lifestyle changes that can help improve symptoms of PMDD. A daily glass of wine is not recommended as it may exacerbate symptoms.

Question 2

Nafarelin (200 mcg bid per nasal spray) currently is used as a treatment for mild-to-severe endometriosis. The nurse should tell the woman taking this medication that the drug:
A) Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), thereby stimulating ovarian activity.
B) Should be sprayed into one nostril every other day.
C) Should be injected into subcutaneous tissue BID.
D) Can cause her to experience some hot flashes and vaginal dryness.

Accepted Answer

Nafarelin works by suppressing the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), leading to a decrease in estrogen levels and reducing the symptoms of endometriosis. However, this can cause side effects such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness. It is administered through nasal spray, with a dose of 200 mcg twice daily. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 3

What important, immediate postoperative care practice should the nurse remember when caring for a woman who has had a mastectomy?
A) The blood pressure (BP) cuff should not be applied to the affected arm.
B) Venipuncture for blood work should be performed on the affected arm.
C) The affected arm should be used for intravenous (IV) therapy.
D) The affected arm should be held down close to the woman's side.

Accepted Answer

The blood pressure cuff should not be applied to the affected arm because the surgery may have compromised the lymphatic drainage in that area, leading to lymphedema.

Question 4

A woman has a breast mass that is not well-delineated and is nonpalpable, immobile, and nontender. This is most likely:
A) Fibroadenoma.
B) Lipoma.
C) Intraductal papilloma.
D) Mammary duct ectasia.

Accepted Answer

The characteristics of a breast mass that is not well-delineated, nonpalpable, immobile, and nontender are suggestive of an intraductal papilloma. Fibroadenomas and lipomas are usually well-delineated and palpable, and mammary duct ectasia may present with nipple discharge or discomfort.

Question 5

Any episode of vaginal bleeding that occurs at a time other than during menses is referred to as _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any episode of vaginal bleeding that occurs...

Question 6

Management of primary dysmenorrhea often requires a multifaceted approach. The nurse who provides care for a patient with this condition should be aware that the optimal pharmacologic therapy for pain relief is:
A) Acetaminophen.
B) Oral contraceptives (OCPs).
C) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
D) Aspirin.

Accepted Answer

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the optimal pharmacologic therapy for pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea. They work by inhibiting prostaglandin production, which is responsible for uterine cramping and pain during menstruation. Acetaminophen and aspirin are less effective in reducing menstrual pain, and oral contraceptives (OCPs) may help prevent dysmenorrhea, but are not as useful for providing pain relief once symptoms have started.

Question 7

The nurse providing education regarding breast care should explain to the woman that fibrocystic changes in breasts are:
A) A disease of the milk ducts and glands in the breasts.
B) A premalignant disorder characterized by lumps found in the breast tissue.
C) Lumpiness with pain and tenderness found in varying degrees in the breast tissue of healthy women during menstrual cycles.
D) Lumpiness accompanied by tenderness after menses.

Accepted Answer

Fibrocystic changes in the breasts are benign and normal changes that occur in the breast tissue of healthy women during their menstrual cycle. The changes may lead to lumpiness, pain, and tenderness in varying degrees.

Question 8

A 25-year-old single female comes to the gynecologist's office for a follow-up visit related to her abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The test revealed that the woman has human papillomavirus (HPV). The woman asks, "What is that? Can you get rid of it?" Your best response is:
A) "It's just a little lump on your cervix. We can freeze it off."
B) "HPV stands for 'human papillomavirus.' It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that may lead to cervical cancer."
C) "HPV is a type of early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). You will die from this."
D) "You probably caught this from your current boyfriend. He should get tested for this."

Accepted Answer

HPV is a sexually transmitted infection that can lead to cervical cancer. It is important to educate the patient on the importance of regular Pap smears to monitor for any changes that may lead to cancer. Freezing off "a little lump" is not an appropriate response, and suggesting that the patient will die from HPV is inaccurate and can cause unnecessary anxiety. Also, it is not appropriate to assume that the patient's current boyfriend is the source of the infection without further testing and discussion.

Question 9

Which diagnostic test is used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer?
A) Mammogram
B) Ultrasound
C) Fine-needle aspiration (FNA)
D) CA 15-3

Accepted Answer

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic procedure used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer by extracting cells for examination under a microscope.

Question 10

Which statement about the various forms of hepatitis is accurate?
A) A vaccine exists for hepatitis C but not for hepatitis B.
B) Hepatitis A is acquired by eating contaminated food or drinking polluted water.
C) Hepatitis B is less contagious than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
D) The incidence of hepatitis C is decreasing.

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A is commonly transmitted through consumption of contaminated food or water, while hepatitis B and C are transmitted primarily through blood contact or sexual contact. Option A is incorrect as both hepatitis B and C have vaccines available. Option C is incorrect as hepatitis B is actually much more contagious than HIV. Option D is also incorrect as the incidence of hepatitis C is actually increasing, particularly in certain populations.

Quiz 3: Common Concerns

Nafarelin (200 mcg bid per nasal spray) currently is used as a treatment for mild-to-severe endometriosis. The nurse should tell the woman taking this medication that the drug:

What important, immediate postoperative care practice should the nurse remember when caring for a woman who has had a mastectomy?

A woman has a breast mass that is not well-delineated and is nonpalpable, immobile, and nontender. This is most likely:

Any episode of vaginal bleeding that occurs at a time other than during menses is referred to as _______________.

Management of primary dysmenorrhea often requires a multifaceted approach. The nurse who provides care for a patient with this condition should be aware that the optimal pharmacologic therapy for pain relief is:

The nurse providing education regarding breast care should explain to the woman that fibrocystic changes in breasts are:

A 25-year-old single female comes to the gynecologist's office for a follow-up visit related to her abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The test revealed that the woman has human papillomavirus (HPV) . The woman asks, "What is that? Can you get rid of it?" Your best response is:

Which diagnostic test is used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer?

Which statement about the various forms of hepatitis is accurate?