The outcome of the conflict between bacteria and bacteriophage at any point in time results from

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The conflict between bacteria and bacteriophages results in frequency-dependent selection, where the frequency of the bacteria and phages depends on their relative fitness in the environment. This is because when a large population of bacteria develops resistance to a particular phage, it becomes more advantageous for the phage to infect susceptible bacteria. However, as the frequency of susceptible bacteria decreases, the selective advantage shifts back towards the resistant bacteria. This dynamic leads to cycles in which the frequency of bacteria and phages oscillates, with each population gaining the upper hand periodically.

The Outcome of the Conflict Between Bacteria and Bacteriophage at Any