Question 1

Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in muscles.

Accepted Answer

Gout is caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, not in muscles.

Question 2

Jenna is a 73-year-old woman who complains to her doctor that her food does not have any taste.The physician told Jenna to add more spices in each dish she prepares. Based on your knowledge about the process of aging,________.

Accepted Answer

As people age, their taste buds naturally decrease in number and sensitivity, leading to a decline in the perception of taste. This is a normal part of aging and can be improved by adding more spices, herbs, and seasonings to food. Option B, C, and D are not relevant to Jenna's complaint about her lack of taste perception.

Question 3

Dementia is a condition that rarely affects people who are younger than 75 years of age.

Accepted Answer

Although dementia is more common in older adults, it can occur in people under the age of 75. This is especially true for individuals with a family history of early-onset dementia or those with certain conditions that increase the risk of developing dementia, such as Down syndrome or Parkinson's disease.

Question 4

The common practice of taking several prescribed medication daily to treat a variety of health conditions is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Polypharmacy is defined as the use of multiple medications by an individual to treat several health conditions. This can lead to drug interactions, adverse effects, and other complications. Healthcare providers should always monitor and evaluate their patients' medication regimen to ensure the most effective and safe treatment. Self-medication refers to treating oneself without healthcare provider consultation, holistic healing focuses on treating a person as a whole - mind, body, and spirit, and the wellness approach emphasizes prevention and maintaining overall health.

Question 5

Margaret is 87 years of age.Compared to when she was 27 years of age,her ________ now.

Accepted Answer

As Margaret has aged, her stomach secretes less intrinsic factor, which can lead to a decreased ability to absorb vitamin B-12, potentially resulting in a deficiency. The other options (A, B, and D) are not necessarily true for all individuals as they age and may depend on various factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and health status.

Question 6

Bernard is 83 years of age.His ________ is likely to have a negative influence on his nutritional status.

Accepted Answer

Social isolation can negatively impact an individual's diet as they may have limited access to food or meals, reduced motivation to cook or eat, and fewer opportunities for social dining that can provide stimulation and variety in their diet. As Bernard is 83 years old, he may be at higher risk of social isolation due to factors such as mobility limitations or loss of friends and family.

Question 7

________ is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat.

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenic obesity is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat. Sarcopenia refers only to the loss of muscle mass and strength, without the increase in body fat. Macular degeneration and retinopathy are eye conditions, and not related to muscle and body fat changes.

Question 8

Age-related dementia includes ________.  Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's Disease, vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease are all conditions that can lead to or are associated with age-related dementia. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia, involving a decline in cognitive function and memory. Vascular dementia is the second most common type, resulting from conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the brain, leading to brain damage. Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the central nervous system that can also lead to dementia in its later stages. Pellagra, on the other hand, is a vitamin deficiency disease caused by a lack of niacin (vitamin B3) and is not classified as a form of dementia.

Question 9

The brain of an aging person does not replace neurons that have ceased to function.Therefore,an older adult has more difficulty recalling information than he or she did as a young adult.

Accepted Answer

As people age, the brain's ability to generate new neurons decreases, which can affect memory and cognitive functions, making it harder for older adults to recall information compared to when they were younger.

Question 10

Most older adults can tolerate taking several prescribed and over-the-counter medications without experiencing negative health effects.

Accepted Answer

Older adults are more susceptible to adverse effects from multiple medications due to age-related changes in drug metabolism and increased likelihood of drug interactions.

Question 11

As a person ages their risk of ________ increases.  This condition results in loss of muscle function,shaking,stiffness,and poor balance.

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that primarily affects older individuals, with the risk of developing the condition increasing as a person ages. It is characterized by symptoms such as tremors, muscle rigidity, and impaired balance and coordination. While Alzheimer's disease can also occur with aging, it primarily affects cognitive function and memory, not muscle function. Diabetic retinopathy is a condition that affects the eyes and is primarily associated with diabetes, while gout is a type of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals and is not necessarily linked to age.

Question 12

Bernice is 91 years of age.Her ________ is likely to have a negative influence on her nutritional status.

Accepted Answer

Low annual income may limit Bernice's access to nutritious foods and may impact her ability to purchase enough food to meet her nutritional needs. Participation in the "Meals on Wheels" program, daily exercise, and frequent socializing may actually have a positive influence on Bernice's nutritional status.

Question 13

Which of the following statements are true?

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true. The body's water content does decrease with advancing age, and signs of dehydration in older adults include weakness, constipation, and mental confusion. Additionally, the risk of urinary incontinence increases as a person ages.

Question 14

Food insecurity is a major contributing factor in worsening existing chronic conditions in older people.

Accepted Answer

Food insecurity can lead to malnutrition, which can exacerbate existing chronic conditions in older people. Lack of proper nutrition can also increase the risk of developing new health problems.

Question 15

One of the main goals of the Nutrition Program for the Administration of Community Living (ACL)is to promote socialization in older Americans.

Accepted Answer

The Nutrition Program for the Administration of Community Living (ACL) aims to improve the dietary intakes of participants with nutritious meals, but also focuses on promoting socialization among older Americans, recognizing the importance of social interaction for overall health and well-being.

Question 16

Forty-year old Kent has a family history of Alzheimer's disease.  What recommendations do you have for Kent to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Continuing to learn and read regularly can also help maintain cognitive function and delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Consuming foods that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, nuts, and seeds, can also be beneficial for brain health. Therefore, all of the choices (A, B, and C) are correct and should be considered by Kent to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about cataracts is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about cataracts...

Question 18

Dorothy is 86 years of age.Her ________ is likely to have a negative influence on her nutritional status.

Accepted Answer

Arthritis can affect Dorothy's ability to shop for and prepare meals, as well as her appetite and ability to eat comfortably. This may lead to a decrease in her overall nutritional status. While ethnic background may influence food choices and preferences, it is not necessarily linked to a negative influence on nutritional status. Daily exercise regimen and socializing with friends and family can actually have a positive influence on nutritional status, as they promote physical activity and social support, respectively.

Quiz 18: Nutrition for Older Adults