Question 1

Pleurisy is:

Accepted Answer

Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleural membranes that line the lungs and the inner chest cavity, which causes painful breathing. It is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection, but can also be a side effect of other medical conditions like pneumonia or tuberculosis. Symptoms include sharp chest pain when breathing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

Question 2

Respiratory syncytial virus:

Accepted Answer

Respiratory syncytial virus is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants under 1 year of age. It is not transmitted by birds and is not typically a skin disease.

Question 3

Which bacterial species is responsible for Q fever?

Accepted Answer

Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii, a Gram-negative bacterium that infects humans and various domestic and wild animals.

Question 4

Ornithosis:

Accepted Answer

Ornithosis is a respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci, which is primarily transmitted to humans from birds.

Question 5

Select the organism responsible for this respiratory tract disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select the organism responsible for this respiratory...

Question 6

How was the great flu pandemic of 1918 different from other influenza epidemics? What is the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift? What virus do you believe the next deadly pandemic flu strain will come from?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How was the great flu pandemic of...

Question 7

Coccidioides immitis

Accepted Answer

Coccidioides immitis causes San Joaquin Valley Fever (A) and can cause an influenza-like illness that can disseminate to the meninges and bones (C). It is not part of the normal microflora (B).

Question 8

How is this respiratory tract disorder diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

The most common way to diagnose a respiratory tract disorder is by conducting a positive throat culture or agglutination test. This will identify the specific bacterium causing the infection. A urine culture is not relevant to respiratory tract disorders, and a negative strep test or blood culture may not be conclusive in determining the specific type of bacteria causing the infection.

Question 9

Which fungal infection leads to an allergic asthmatic response?

Accepted Answer

Aspergillosis can lead to an allergic asthmatic response, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems. It is a type of fungal infection caused by Aspergillus, a common mold found in the environment. People with asthma or cystic fibrosis are particularly at risk for developing this type of reaction. Blastomycosis, Cryptococcosis, and Histoplasmosis are other fungal infections that do not typically cause an allergic asthmatic response.

Question 10

Spelunkers are cave-exploring enthusiasts,to which fungal pathogen might they become exposed?

Accepted Answer

Histoplasma capsulatum is commonly found in soil that contains bird or bat droppings. Since many caves are home to bat colonies, spelunkers are at risk of exposure to H. capsulatum spores which can cause respiratory illness. The other fungal pathogens mentioned are not typically associated with cave environments.

Question 11

Parasitic lung fluke disease can be prevented by _____.

Accepted Answer

Parasitic lung fluke disease is caused by consuming raw or undercooked freshwater shellfish infected with Paragonimus spp. Therefore, cooking shellfish before eating is the most effective way to prevent this disease. Vaccination or treatment with amphotericin B is not effective in preventing the disease, and cooking meat is not relevant as the parasite is not commonly found in meat products.

Question 12

Lung fluke infection is associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

Lung fluke infection is commonly associated with Paragonimus westermani, with the larvae maturing in the bronchioles and causing symptoms such as chronic cough, bloody sputum, and difficulty breathing. Therefore, all of the given choices are correct.

Question 13

Where does laryngitis occur?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Where does laryngitis occur? 
...

Question 14

Tuberculosis is one of the most prevalent and dangerous diseases in the world and its incidence is on the increase. Why is Mycobacterium tuberculosis such a widespread respiratory pathogen? Describe factors that contribute to the increase in its incidence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tuberculosis is one of the most prevalent...

Question 15

Hantavirus:

Accepted Answer

Hantavirus is primarily transmitted through the urine, droppings, and saliva of infected rodents, particularly mice.

Question 16

Amphotericin B is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Amphotericin B is not typically used to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia; instead, treatments like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are preferred.

Question 17

Which statement about the normal microflora of the respiratory system is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect because below the larynx, the respiratory tract is generally sterile, not resident with microflora.

Question 18

A friend calls and says he thinks he has the flu,because he has a runny,stuffy nose and has been sneezing quite a bit.You tell him it sounds like a cold,not the flu. Compare and contrast four of the symptoms of the common cold and influenza for him.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend calls and says he thinks...

Quiz 21: Diseases of the Respiratory System