Question 1

_____ is currently the single greatest cause of preventable death in the United States.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), smoking is currently the single greatest cause of preventable death in the United States. It is responsible for approximately one in five deaths each year, which translates to more than 480,000 deaths annually. Stress, obesity, and chronic fatigue are all significant health concerns, but smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a component of the ABCDS approach to weight loss?

Accepted Answer

The ABCDS approach to weight loss includes activity increase, dietary change, social support, and belief change.

Question 3

When the ABCs of relapse prevention are applied to smoking,"B" represents _____.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

_____ is an interdisciplinary field interested in the ways in which our minds influence our bodies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is an interdisciplinary field interested in...

Question 5

_____ has been shown to be both a significant detriment to smoking cessation and a significant predictor of relapse.

Accepted Answer

The presence of smokers in one's social group has been shown to both decrease the likelihood of successful smoking cessation and increase the likelihood of relapse. Social support (B) can actually be beneficial for smoking cessation, and the use of nicotine gum or patches (A) can be helpful in managing withdrawal symptoms. An irregular exercise schedule (D) has not been shown to have a significant impact on smoking cessation or relapse.

Question 6

Current estimates (e.g. ,Centers for Disease Control,2008)indicate that about _____% of adult Americans are overweight or obese.

Accepted Answer

As of the data from the Centers for Disease Control in 2008, approximately 67% of adult Americans were considered overweight or obese.

Question 7

_____ stress refers to a syndrome defined by stress levels that are consistently high and unremitting,often due to a hectic,fast-paced lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

Chronic stress refers to long-term, continuous stress that is often the result of a demanding lifestyle or ongoing stressful circumstances. It can have a negative impact on physical and mental health. Congenital refers to conditions or traits that are present at birth. General and Global are not related to stress.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about stress and coping is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

An individual's subjective perception of stress plays a significant role in determining how well he or she copes with stress. If someone perceives a situation as stressful, then they are more likely to feel overwhelmed and experience negative health consequences. On the other hand, if someone perceives the same situation as manageable, they may be more resilient and better able to cope with stress. Therefore, statement B is not true.

Question 9

_____ is a technique for promoting physical health in which patients write about what they value most in life.

Accepted Answer

Values affirmation is a technique in which individuals write about their personal values as a way of promoting physical health. This technique has been found to improve health behaviors such as exercise, diet, and medication adherence. Healthful writing, narrative weight management, and parable telling are not established techniques for promoting physical health.

Question 10

The fight-or-flight response

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is a physiological response that occurs in response to a perceived threat, preparing the body to either fight the threat or flee from it. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the fight-or-flight response.

Question 11

The _____ controls the release of our body's stress hormone,cortisol.

Accepted Answer

The HPA axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis) controls the release of cortisol, which is a stress hormone. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which then stimulates the pituitary gland to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. The HPA axis plays a key role in the body's response to stress.

Question 12

_____ is the psychological or physiological response to difficult or demanding internal or external circumstances.

Accepted Answer

Stress is the psychological or physiological response to difficult or demanding internal or external circumstances. Vulnerability is the state of being easily hurt, while depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness and lack of interest. Hyperactivity is a state of excessive activity or movement.

Question 13

Researchers estimate that about _____% of all visits to health care providers result from stress-related disorders.

Accepted Answer

Researchers estimate that about 75-90% of all visits to health-care providers result from stress-related disorders.

Question 14

_____ examine the ways in which psychological processes influence physical well-being and illness.

Accepted Answer

Health psychologists specialize in understanding the ways in which psychological factors can affect physical health and well-being. They examine factors such as stress, emotions, behaviors, and beliefs that can contribute to the development of illness or impact the effectiveness of medical treatments. They also work to develop interventions to improve health outcomes through psychological means such as stress management techniques or cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 15

The general adaptation syndrome hypothesis was developed by _____.

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome hypothesis was developed by Hans Selye.

Question 16

Stephen finds the link between emotional stress and physical illness fascinating.In fact,he is a researcher who studies the interactions among behavior,the nervous system,and the immune system.Of the following fields,which is Stephen most likely associated with?

Accepted Answer

Stephen's field of study involves the interactions among behavior, the nervous system, and the immune system, which falls under the category of psychoneuroimmunology. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about social support is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Social support is defined as the perception that one has relationships that can provide support in a time of crisis. Research has shown that social support is associated with better psychological health and physical health outcomes. However, the type and quality of social support can have varying effects on health outcomes.

Question 18

_____ has been defined as the process of managing demands that are appraised as exceeding the resources of the person.

Accepted Answer

Coping refers to the various strategies individuals use to manage demands that exceed their available resources. These demands can be physical, emotional, or psychological in nature, and can come from a variety of sources including work, family, and personal relationships. Coping can involve both active strategies such as problem-solving and emotion-focused strategies such as seeking social support or engaging in relaxation techniques.

Question 19

Rolland experiences negative symptoms,including headaches and irritability,when he does not consume alcohol.A health psychologist evaluating Rolland would describe this symptom as _____.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms Rolland experiences indicate a withdrawal response, which can occur when someone is dependent on a substance and stops using it abruptly. The other options (abuse, dependence, and tolerance) may also be factors in Rolland's situation, but the symptoms described specifically indicate withdrawal.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about general adaptation syndrome is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome, proposed by Hans Selye, describes the body's response to stress in three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. In the exhaustion stage, the body has been exposed to prolonged stress and can no longer maintain its response, leading to breakdown and increased susceptibility to illness and disease. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A and B are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the general adaptation syndrome. Choice C is also incorrect because while short term exposure to stress can have beneficial effects on the immune system, long-term exposure can actually suppress it.

Quiz 18: Health Psychology