Question 1

For a lateral fourth toe projection, the
1)foot is rotated laterally until the toe is in a lateral projection.
2)adjacent toes are drawn away from the affected toe.
3)long axis of the digit is aligned with the transverse axis of the collimated field.
4)central ray is centered to the PIP joint.

Accepted Answer

For a lateral fourth toe projection, the foot is rotated laterally until the toe is in a lateral projection. Adjacent toes are drawn away from the affected toe to avoid superimposition. The long axis of the digit is aligned with the transverse axis of the collimated field to ensure adequate visualization of the entire fourth toe. The central ray is centered to the PIP joint to ensure proper placement of the anatomy of interest. Therefore, the correct choices are 1, 2, and 4.

Question 2

An axial calcaneus projection with the patient's foot in plantar flexion and the central ray angled 40 degrees proximally demonstrates a(n)
1)elongated calcaneal tuberosity.
2)foreshortened calcaneal tuberosity.
3)open talocalcaneal joint space.
4)closed talocalcaneal joint space.

Accepted Answer

In an axial calcaneus projection with the foot in plantar flexion and the central ray angled 40 degrees proximally, the calcaneal tuberosity appears foreshortened due to the angle of the X-ray beam relative to the long axis of the calcaneus. This positioning and angulation also tend to close the talocalcaneal joint space, as the angle does not allow for clear visualization of the space between the talus and calcaneus.

Question 3

If the medial talar dome were positioned distal to the lateral talar dome on a lateral foot projection, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

An AP first toe projection that was obtained with the foot and toe rotated 45 degrees medially demonstrates
1)equal soft tissue width on both sides of each of the phalanges.
2)more midshaft concavity on one side of the phalanges than on the opposite side.
3)twice as much soft tissue on one side of the phalanges as on the opposite side.
4)convexity on one side of the phalanges and concavity on the opposite side.

Accepted Answer

When the foot and toe are rotated 45 degrees medially, it results in more midshaft concavity on one side of the phalanges than on the opposite side, and twice as much soft tissue on one side of the phalanges as on the opposite side.

Question 5

For an AP ankle projection, the
1)intermalleolar line is aligned at a 15- to 20-degree angle with the IR.
2)lateral malleolus is positioned more posterior than the medial malleolus.
3)long axis of the foot is positioned perpendicular to the IR.
4)central ray is centered at the level of the medial malleolus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For an AP ankle projection, the
1)intermalleolar line...

Question 6

Which of the following pertains to the positioning setup for an AP oblique foot projection on a patient with a high longitudinal arch?
1)Rotate the patient's foot 60 degrees.
2)Angle the central ray 15 degrees proximally.
3)Align the long axis of the foot with the long axis of the collimated field.
4)Center the central ray to the third metatarsal base.

Accepted Answer

1) Rotate the patient's foot 60 degrees is necessary for AP oblique foot projection.
2) Angling the central ray 15 degrees proximally is not required for positioning a patient with a high longitudinal arch.
3) Aligning the long axis of the foot with the long axis of the collimated field is necessary.
4) Centering the central ray to the third metatarsal base is necessary for proper positioning.

Question 7

The IP and MTP joint spaces on toe projections are open and demonstrated without distortion when the
1)central ray is aligned parallel with them.
2)central ray is aligned perpendicular to them.
3)joints are aligned parallel with the IR.
4)joints are aligned perpendicular to the IR.

Accepted Answer

The IP and MTP joint spaces are best visualized without distortion when the central ray is aligned perpendicular to them and the joints are aligned perpendicular to the IR.

Question 8

On a lateral foot projection with accurate positioning, the
1)medial talar dome is demonstrated slightly superior to the lateral dome.
2)tibiotalar joint space is open.
3)talar domes are superimposed.
4)distal fibula is superimposed by the posterior half of the distal tibia.

Accepted Answer

In an accurately positioned lateral foot projection, the tibiotalar joint space should be open, the talar domes should be superimposed, and the distal fibula should be superimposed by the posterior half of the distal tibia.

Question 9

Where should the central ray be centered for an AP axial projection of the foot?

Accepted Answer

The central ray for an AP axial projection of the foot should be centered at the base of the third metatarsal.

Question 10

An AP axial foot projection obtained with the foot laterally rotated demonstrates
1)a closed medial-intermediate cuneiform joint space.
2)closed tarsometatarsal joint spaces.
3)the calcaneus with increased talar superimposition.
4)a decrease in metatarsal base superimposition.

Accepted Answer

1 and 3 are correct because lateral rotation of the foot closes the medial-intermediate cuneiform joint space and increases talar superimposition on the calcaneus.

Question 11

A lateral foot projection obtained in a patient whose leg was externally rotated (heel off IR) demonstrates
1)more than 0.5 inch (1 cm) of the cuboid posterior to the navicular.
2)the fibula situated too posterior to the tibia.
3)the lateral talar dome anterior to the medial talar dome.
4)an obscured tibiotalar joint space.

Accepted Answer

An externally rotated foot can cause the fibula to appear too posterior to the tibia, which is seen in option 2. Additionally, this projection can result in an obscured tibiotalar joint space, which is noted in option 4. Option 1 is incorrect as there should be no more than 0.5 inch (1 cm) of the cuboid posterior to the navicular. Option 3 is incorrect as the lateral talar dome should be posterior to the medial talar dome in a lateral foot projection.

Question 12

How can the positioning setup procedure be adjusted for an AP axial foot projection to demonstrate uniform image density throughout the toes and foot areas?
1)Position the toes at the anode end of the x-ray tube.
2)Use a kVp above 75.
3)Use a grid.
4)Place a contact shield over the toes.

Accepted Answer

Positioning the toes at the anode end of the x-ray tube utilizes the anode heel effect, which results in more uniform image density across the foot by compensating for its varying thickness.

Question 13

For an AP oblique second toe projection, the toe is rotated _____ degrees _____.

Accepted Answer

For an AP oblique second toe projection, the toe is typically rotated 45 degrees medially to properly visualize the phalanges and joint spaces.

Question 14

An AP ankle projection obtained with the patient's leg in lateral rotation will demonstrate which of the following?
1)A closed medial mortise
2)Decreased talar and fibular superimposition
3)An open lateral mortise
4)The sinus tarsi

Accepted Answer

Lateral rotation of the ankle will close the medial mortise, but it will not affect the talar and fibular superimposition, the lateral mortise, or the visualization of the sinus tarsi.

Question 15

Which of the following positioning setup procedures must be completed to obtain open tarsometatarsal and navicular-cuneiform joint spaces on an AP axial foot projection?
1)The patient's foot is positioned flat against the IR.
2)The foot, ankle, and lower leg are aligned.
3)The central ray is angled 10 to 15 degrees proximally.
4)A compensating filter is placed over the toes.

Accepted Answer

To obtain open tarsometatarsal and navicular-cuneiform joint spaces on an AP axial foot projection, the foot should be positioned flat against the IR (1) and the central ray should be angled 10 to 15 degrees proximally (3). Aligning the foot, ankle, and lower leg (2) is a general positioning practice but not specifically necessary for this projection. A compensating filter over the toes (4) is not needed for this projection.

Question 16

Which aspect of the foot is placed parallel with the IR for a routine lateral foot projection?

Accepted Answer

For a routine lateral foot projection, the lateral aspect of the foot is placed parallel with the image receptor (IR) to accurately capture the profile view of the foot.

Question 17

An AP oblique foot projection with accurate positioning demonstrates
1)open first and second intermetatarsal joint spaces.
2)open joint spaces around the cuboid.
3)slight superimposition of the fourth and fifth metatarsal bases.
4)the long axis of the foot aligned with the long axis of the collimated field.

Accepted Answer

An AP oblique foot projection with accurate positioning should demonstrate open joint spaces around the cuboid and the long axis of the foot aligned with the long axis of the collimated field.

Question 18

What joint spaces are open on an AP oblique foot projection with accurate positioning?
1)Second through fifth intermetatarsal joints
2)Navicular-cuneiform
3)Joint spaces surrounding the cuboid
4)Tarsometatarsal

Accepted Answer

The AP oblique foot projection with accurate positioning allows visualization of the joint spaces surrounding the cuboid (option 3) and the second through fifth intermetatarsal joints (option 1), but not necessarily the navicular-cuneiform joint (option 2) or the tarsometatarsal joint (option 4). Therefore, the correct answer is A, since it includes options 1 and 3 only.

Question 19

Which of the following pertains to a lateral foot projection that demonstrates the lateral talar dome distal to the medial talar dome?
1)The patient was imaged with the distal tibia elevated.
2)More than 0.5 inch (1 cm) of the cuboid is demonstrated posterior to the navicular.
3)The lateral talar dome is also anterior to the medial talar dome.
4)The fibula would be situated too far posterior to the tibia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pertains to a...

Question 20

Which of the following is true with respect to axial calcaneal projections?
1)The image demonstrates an open talocalcaneal joint space.
2)The foot is flexed 90 degrees to the lower leg and rotated slightly laterally.
3)A 40-degree central ray is directed proximally.
4)The central ray is centered to the distal fifth metatarsal.

Accepted Answer

1) The axial calcaneal projection (Harris-Beath view) is designed to demonstrate the subtalar joint, showing an open talocalcaneal joint space. 3) A 40-degree cephalad (upward) angle of the central ray is correct for this projection to properly visualize the calcaneus and subtalar joint.

Quiz 6: Image Analysis of the Lower Extremity

For a lateral fourth toe projection, the 1) foot is rotated laterally until the toe is in a lateral projection. 2) adjacent toes are drawn away from the affected toe. 3) long axis of the digit is aligned with the transverse axis of the collimated field. 4) central ray is centered to the PIP joint.

An axial calcaneus projection with the patient's foot in plantar flexion and the central ray angled 40 degrees proximally demonstrates a(n) 1) elongated calcaneal tuberosity. 2) foreshortened calcaneal tuberosity. 3) open talocalcaneal joint space. 4) closed talocalcaneal joint space.

If the medial talar dome were positioned distal to the lateral talar dome on a lateral foot projection, which of the following is true?

The IP and MTP joint spaces on toe projections are open and demonstrated without distortion when the 1) central ray is aligned parallel with them. 2) central ray is aligned perpendicular to them. 3) joints are aligned parallel with the IR. 4) joints are aligned perpendicular to the IR.

On a lateral foot projection with accurate positioning, the 1) medial talar dome is demonstrated slightly superior to the lateral dome. 2) tibiotalar joint space is open. 3) talar domes are superimposed. 4) distal fibula is superimposed by the posterior half of the distal tibia.

Where should the central ray be centered for an AP axial projection of the foot?

An AP axial foot projection obtained with the foot laterally rotated demonstrates 1) a closed medial-intermediate cuneiform joint space. 2) closed tarsometatarsal joint spaces. 3) the calcaneus with increased talar superimposition. 4) a decrease in metatarsal base superimposition.

How can the positioning setup procedure be adjusted for an AP axial foot projection to demonstrate uniform image density throughout the toes and foot areas? 1) Position the toes at the anode end of the x-ray tube. 2) Use a kVp above 75. 3) Use a grid. 4) Place a contact shield over the toes.

For an AP oblique second toe projection, the toe is rotated _ degrees _.

An AP ankle projection obtained with the patient's leg in lateral rotation will demonstrate which of the following? 1) A closed medial mortise 2) Decreased talar and fibular superimposition 3) An open lateral mortise 4) The sinus tarsi

Which aspect of the foot is placed parallel with the IR for a routine lateral foot projection?

What joint spaces are open on an AP oblique foot projection with accurate positioning? 1) Second through fifth intermetatarsal joints 2) Navicular-cuneiform 3) Joint spaces surrounding the cuboid 4) Tarsometatarsal