Question 1

Explain and discuss some of the claims and counter claims about the contemporary effects of globalization in the world economy.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Oatley concludes that the fate of the world's poor is in the hands of rather poorly informed American voters.Which of the following concerns is not listed as one of American fears about globalization in the conclusion to Oatley's book?

Accepted Answer

Oatley's book discusses various concerns Americans have about globalization, including job loss, wage reduction, widening global income inequalities, and environmental degradation. However, it does not list the strengthening of American MNCs' power as a concern.

Question 3

Global income inequality is much greater than domestic income inequality in even the most unequal countries.

Accepted Answer

This is true. While there are large income gaps within individual countries, the disparity in income between countries is much greater, particularly between developed and developing nations. The richest 1% of the world's population own 45% of the world's wealth, while the bottom half own just 1%. This global income inequality is exacerbated by factors such as trade policies, global finance, and the exploitation of cheap labor in developing countries.

Question 4

Discuss the arguments and evidence Oatley presents to refute the claim that globalization has brought rising inequality and poverty.

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Question 5

According to Oatley,"sweatshop" factories are the sole reason why global poverty has fallen by 375 million people during the last twenty years.

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Question 6

The defenders of globalization believe that all global economic activity has a positive impact on the environment.

Accepted Answer

The defenders of globalization acknowledge that global economic activity has negative environmental impacts, but argue that globalization can promote greater efficiency and innovation in addressing these issues.

Question 7

According the defenders of globalization and Oatley,globalization is the solution to the problems of income inequality and poverty,not their cause.

Accepted Answer

The defenders of globalization argue that it creates economic growth and increases opportunities for people in developing countries, leading to a reduction in poverty and income inequality. Oatley also argues that globalization is not the primary cause of these problems, but rather a reflection of deep-rooted structural issues in the global system, such as unequal access to education and employment opportunities.

Question 8

Total world income has risen much more rapidly during the last 40 years than it did during the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the World Bank, global gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has increased significantly since the 1980s, while growth was much slower in the 1800s and early 1900s.

Question 9

Recent research suggests that the absolute number of people living poverty has grown in the past thirty years.

Accepted Answer

Although the global population has increased over the past thirty years, the percentage of people living in extreme poverty has significantly decreased due to economic growth in developing countries, improvements in access to health, education, and social services, as well as international development efforts.

Question 10

Discuss the arguments and evidence Oatley presents to refute the claim that globalization has created sweatshops whose working conditions represent the cold exploitation of developing-world workers by global capital.

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

Discuss the arguments and evidence antiglobalization critics have cited on abuses in factories in developing countries.

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Question 12

Defenders of globalization argue that the adoption of enforceable global labor standards is likely to push people in the developing world back into poverty.

Accepted Answer

Defenders of globalization often argue that strict global labor standards could increase production costs, leading to job losses or reduced competitiveness for developing countries, potentially pushing workers back into poverty.

Question 13

Discuss the costs and benefits of the efforts to create global rules to improve working conditions and wages in sweatshop factories.

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Question 14

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have produced a lot of vigorous disagreement.Which of the following statements are not likely to be used by defenders of globalization on this issue?

Accepted Answer

D) This statement argues against the notion that globalization and current WTO rules are beneficial, suggesting instead that they encourage countries to lower their environmental standards to attract investment. This perspective is not in line with the defense of globalization regarding environmental rules and trade principles.

Question 15

According to Oatley,the current consensus among globalization defenders and environmentalists suggests that globalization can have positive environmental consequences.

Accepted Answer

Oatley indicates that there is a consensus among some globalization defenders and environmentalists that globalization can lead to positive environmental outcomes, such as the spread of environmentally friendly technologies and practices, and the establishment of international environmental standards.

Question 16

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have received greater attention than ever before.Which of the following statements are notlikely to be used by environmentalists on this issue?

Accepted Answer

Environmentalists are unlikely to prioritize income gains from free trade principles over negative environmental consequences.

Question 17

According to Oatley,wage differences between high income and low income countries were caused by both labor market regulations and different levels of productivity.

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Question 18

The most important element of the climate change issue in the context of WTO rules is that

Accepted Answer

The global climate change regime often involves asymmetrical obligations, where developing countries may have less stringent requirements compared to developed countries. This can affect trade competitiveness, as countries with stricter obligations may face higher costs, impacting their trade position.

Question 19

According to Oatley,globalization has a real public-relations problem that has been created by the antiglobalization movement based on,in many instances,factually incorrect claims.

Accepted Answer

Oatley argues in his book "International Political Economy" that the antiglobalization movement has spread misinformation and created a negative perception of globalization, leading to a public relations problem.

Question 20

Climate change has emerged as a pressing trade issue.Current estimates indicate that the world's largest emitter of GHGs (greenhouse gas)is

Accepted Answer

According to data from the Global Carbon Project, China is currently the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, accounting for almost 28% of global emissions. This has made climate change a pressing trade issue, as countries seek to reduce their emissions and meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. The United States and other countries have put pressure on China to take stronger action to curb its emissions, and there have been debates about the role of carbon tariffs and other trade measures in addressing climate change.

Quiz 16: Globalization: Consequences and Controversies