Question 1

According to the text, which of the following represents the highest peak of the distribution?
A) mode
B) mean
C) median
D) maxima
E) crest

Accepted Answer

The mode represents the highest peak of a distribution, as it is the value that appears most frequently in a data set.

Question 2

39. The chi-square statistic can be estimated on counts of data or on percentages.

Accepted Answer

The answer of 39. The chi-square statistic can be estimated...

Question 3

A measure of central tendency, given as the value above which half of the values fall and below which half of the values fall is called the ________.
A) mean
B) mode
C) median
D) maxima
E) binary inflection

Accepted Answer

The definition provided in the question is that of the median, which is the middle value of a dataset when it is arranged in order. The mean is the average of all the values in the dataset, the mode is the most frequent value in the dataset, maxima refers to the highest value in the dataset, and binary inflection is not a statistical term. Therefore, the best choice is (C) median.

Question 4

The null hypothesis, H₀, when using the chi-square statistic, is that there is no association between the variables.

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis when using the chi-square statistic is that there is no association between the variables.

Question 5

When using the chi-square statistic in cross-tabulation, the null hypothesis (H₀) will be rejected only when the calculated value of the test statistic is greater than the critical value of the chi-square distribution with the appropriate degrees of freedom.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of how the chi-square test is used to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 6

If the distribution is asymmetric and the variable is measured on a nominal scale, the ________ should be used as a measure of location.
A) mean
B) mode
C) median
D) maxima
E) trend

Accepted Answer

For nominal data, which consists of names, labels, or categories, the mode is the most appropriate measure of central tendency. This is because the mean and median require numerical data that can be ordered or averaged, which is not applicable to nominal data. The mode identifies the most frequently occurring category.

Question 7

The ________ is that value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements.
A) mean
B) mode
C) median
D) maxima
E) aggregate

Accepted Answer

The mean is the value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements.

Question 8

Data collected in social media often lend themselves to basic analysis involving frequencies, percentages and cross-tabulations.

Accepted Answer

Data collected in social media can be analyzed using basic statistical methods such as frequencies, percentages, and cross-tabulations. These methods can provide valuable insights into user behavior, preferences, and attitudes.

Question 9

A frequency distribution ________.
A) helps identify the presence of outliers
B) indicates the shape of the empirical distribution of the variable
C) contains the same information as the margins of a contingency table
D) A and B
E) A, B and C

Accepted Answer

The answer of A frequency distribution ________.
A) helps identify the...

Question 10

Cross-tabulation examines associations between variables, not causation.

Accepted Answer

Cross-tabulation can only show the relationship between variables, but it cannot prove causation. Other statistical methods and research designs are needed to establish causality.

Question 11

The ________ should be used as a measure of location if the distribution is asymmetric and the variable is measured on an ordinal scale.
A) mean
B) mode
C) median
D) maxima
E) ranking order

Accepted Answer

The median is the best measure of location for an asymmetric distribution because it is not affected by extreme values (unlike the mean) and can be calculated for variables that are measured on an ordinal scale (unlike the mode).

Question 12

Which of the following is used to estimate the average when the data have been collected using an interval or ratio scale?
A) mode
B) median
C) mean
D) maxima
E) trend

Accepted Answer

The mean is the best choice for estimating the average when the data have been collected using an interval or ratio scale because it takes into account all of the values in the data set and is sensitive to small changes in the data. The mode and median are better suited for data collected on a nominal or ordinal scale, while maxima and trend do not provide a measure of central tendency.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a statistic that is associated with the measures of location of frequency distribution?
A) mean
B) mode
C) median
D) maxima
E) C and D

Accepted Answer

Maxima is a statistic associated with the measures of dispersion, rather than measures of location, such as mean, mode, and median. The maxima represents the highest value in a distribution. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option E (C and D) is also correct because the median and maxima are not both measures of location.

Question 14

A mathematical distribution whose objective is to obtain a count of the number of responses associated with different values of one variable as to express these counts in percentage terms is called ________.
A) sampling distribution
B) random distribution
C) frequency distribution
D) systematic distribution
E) chi-square distribution

Accepted Answer

A frequency distribution is specifically designed to show the count of different values in a variable and express them in percentage terms. The other options listed are not relevant to this objective.

Question 15

The ________ is a good measure of location when the variable is inherently categorical or has otherwise been grouped into categories.
A) mean
B) median
C) maxima
D) mode
E) categorical listing

Accepted Answer

The mode is the best measure of location for a categorical variable or when the data has been grouped into categories because it identifies the category with the highest frequency or most common occurrence. The mean and median are not appropriate when dealing with categorical data, and maxima only identifies the highest value of the data, which may not provide useful information when dealing with categories. Categorical listing is not a valid statistical measure.

Question 16

A frequency distribution for a variable produces ________.
A) a table of frequency counts
B) percentages
C) cumulative percentages
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Accepted Answer

A frequency distribution for a variable can produce a table of frequency counts, percentages, and cumulative percentages, encompassing all the options listed.

Question 17

The ________ of a sample is the middle value when the data are arranged in ascending or descending rank order.
A) median
B) mean
C) mode
D) maxima
E) trend

Accepted Answer

The definition provided matches the concept of median, which is the value that separates the upper half from the lower half of a data set when arranged in order. The mean (B) is the average of all values in the data set, the mode (C) is the value that appears most frequently, the maxima (D) is the highest value in the data set, and the trend (E) refers to the overall direction of the data.

Question 18

A measure of central tendency given as the value that occurs the most in a sample distribution is called the ________.
A) mean
B) median
C) mode
D) maxima
E) trend

Accepted Answer

The mode is the value that occurs the most frequently in a sample distribution. The mean is the average value, and the median is the middle value in a distribution. Maxima refers to the highest value in a distribution, and trend does not refer to a specific measure of central tendency.

Question 19

If the distribution is asymmetric, which measure of location is most appropriate if the data is in a nominal scale? If it is in an ordinal scale? If it is in an interval or ratio scale?
A) mode, mode, median
B) median, median, median
C) median, mean, mode
D) mean, mode, median
E) mode, median, mean

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the distribution is asymmetric, which measure...

Question 20

According to the text, the ________ is a statistic that describes a location within a data set.
A) measures of location
B) measures of variability
C) measures of association
D) measures of relativity
E) measures of position

Accepted Answer

The text states that measures that describe a location within a data set are called measures of location.

Quiz 16: Frequency Distribution, Hypothesis Testing, and Cross-Tabulation

According to the text, which of the following represents the highest peak of the distribution?

39. The chi-square statistic can be estimated on counts of data or on percentages.

A measure of central tendency, given as the value above which half of the values fall and below which half of the values fall is called the ________.

The null hypothesis, H₀, when using the chi-square statistic, is that there is no association between the variables.

When using the chi-square statistic in cross-tabulation, the null hypothesis (H₀) will be rejected only when the calculated value of the test statistic is greater than the critical value of the chi-square distribution with the appropriate degrees of freedom.

If the distribution is asymmetric and the variable is measured on a nominal scale, the ________ should be used as a measure of location.

The ________ is that value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements.

Data collected in social media often lend themselves to basic analysis involving frequencies, percentages and cross-tabulations.

A frequency distribution ________.

Cross-tabulation examines associations between variables, not causation.

The ________ should be used as a measure of location if the distribution is asymmetric and the variable is measured on an ordinal scale.

Which of the following is used to estimate the average when the data have been collected using an interval or ratio scale?

Which of the following is NOT a statistic that is associated with the measures of location of frequency distribution?

A mathematical distribution whose objective is to obtain a count of the number of responses associated with different values of one variable as to express these counts in percentage terms is called ________.

The ________ is a good measure of location when the variable is inherently categorical or has otherwise been grouped into categories.

A frequency distribution for a variable produces ________.

The ________ of a sample is the middle value when the data are arranged in ascending or descending rank order.

A measure of central tendency given as the value that occurs the most in a sample distribution is called the ________.

If the distribution is asymmetric, which measure of location is most appropriate if the data is in a nominal scale? If it is in an ordinal scale? If it is in an interval or ratio scale?

According to the text, the ________ is a statistic that describes a location within a data set.