Question 1

Fibrous connective tissue called ________ accommodates brain growth in infants.

Accepted Answer

Fontanelles are a type of fibrous connective tissue in the skull of infants that allow for some flexibility during childbirth and accommodate brain growth in infancy. Sutures (A) are also fibrous connective tissue in the skull that fuse together as the skull matures. Vertebrae (B) are bones that make up the spine and are not related to brain growth in infants. Frontals (D) are bones in the skull that make up the forehead and are not related to brain growth in infants. Foramina (E) are openings in bones through which blood vessels and nerves pass and are also not related to brain growth in infants.

Question 2

The vertebral column contains ________ thoracic vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

The vertebral column contains 12 thoracic vertebrae.

Question 3

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and the

Accepted Answer

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and the laminae.

Question 4

A bent nasal septum that slows or prevents sinus drainage is known clinically as a ________ septum.

Accepted Answer

A deviated nasal septum is a common condition in which the thin wall between the nostrils is displaced to one side, causing it to be crooked or off-center. This can lead to obstruction or blockage of the nasal passages, making it difficult to breathe and potentially leading to sinus infections.

Question 5

Most mammals,including humans and giraffes,have ________ cervical vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

Most mammals, including humans and giraffes, have 7 cervical vertebrae.

Question 6

The part of the vertebrae that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column is the

Accepted Answer

The vertebral body is the thick, disc-shaped part of the vertebrae that transfers weight along the vertebral column. The other options do not perform this specific function.

Question 7

While volunteering in an outpatient clinic for underprivileged families in your neighborhood,you observe the nurse assessing an infant.The mother had complained about the baby not eating and having several episodes of diarrhea lasting 3 days.You know the nurse suspects possible dehydration when she

Accepted Answer

The nurse checks the anterior fontanel for depression because a sunken fontanel is a common sign of dehydration in infants.

Question 8

Sutures can be found at all of the joints of an adult skull except between

Accepted Answer

The mandible is not actually considered part of the skull, and therefore does not have sutures connecting it to the cranium.

Question 9

The primary spinal curves

Accepted Answer

The primary spinal curves accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera, which means they provide room for the vital organs to function properly. These curves are present at birth and do not develop several months after birth, like the secondary spinal curves. The term compensation curves refers to the secondary spinal curves that develop later in life to compensate for changes in posture due to lifestyle and occupation.

Question 10

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are

Accepted Answer

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are called fontanelles. These areas allow for flexibility during birth and growth of the brain. Sutures are the fibrous joints between the cranial bones in adults. Wormian bones are extra small bones that sometimes occur within sutures. Foramina are openings in bones for nerves and vessels to pass through. Fibrocartilaginous discs are found in joints, not in the fetal skull.

Question 11

An exaggerated lateral curvature is termed

Accepted Answer

Scoliosis is the exaggerated lateral curvature of the spine. Kyphosis is an exaggerated forward curvature of the spine, while Lordosis is an exaggerated inward curvature of the spine. Gomphosis refers to a type of joint found in teeth, and Mentosis is not a recognized anatomical term.

Question 12

If there were no paranasal sinuses,all of the following would be true except

Accepted Answer

The ability to sneeze would not be impaired by the absence of paranasal sinuses, as sneezing is primarily a reflex action to clear irritants from the nasal cavity, not directly dependent on the sinuses.

Question 13

Vertebrae of which regions are fused in the adult?

Accepted Answer

In the adult, the vertebrae of the sacral and coccygeal regions are fused to form the sacrum and coccyx, respectively.

Question 14

While you're visiting your friend who recently gave birth,she comments on her infant's soft spot.You think to yourself that the correct term for the "soft spot" located at the intersection of the frontal,sagittal,and coronal sutures is

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the "soft spot" located at the intersection of the frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures is the anterior fontanel. This is the largest fontanel, and it allows the infant's skull to be more flexible and better able to accommodate their rapidly growing brain.

Question 15

The most significant skull growth occurs before the age of

Accepted Answer

According to studies, the most significant skull growth occurs before the age of 5.

Question 16

The four curves of the adult spinal column are not all present at birth.Which of the following are the secondary curves,which do not appear until several months later?

Accepted Answer

The cervical and lumbar curves are secondary curves of the spine, developing after birth. The cervical curve develops as a baby starts to hold up their head and sit, and the lumbar curve forms as they begin to walk.

Question 17

Each of the following statements concerning the development of the skull is true except that

Accepted Answer

The bones of the skull develop from multiple ossification focuses.

Question 18

The four spinal curves include all but one of the following.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

The four spinal curves include the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral curves. The axial curve is not included as it is not a distinct spinal curve, but rather refers to the central or axial part of the body.

Question 19

The vertebral column contains ________ lumbar vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

The lumbar region of the vertebral column is composed of 5 vertebrae. This region of the spine is located in the lower back and provides support for the weight of the upper body.

Question 20

Identify the correct statement regarding fontanelles.

Accepted Answer

The occipital fontanelle, located at the back of the skull, is also known as the soft spot. The other statements are incorrect. Fontanelles are gaps between the bones of the skull in infants and are gradually replaced by bone as the skull develops. They do not form fibrous connections between facial bones, do not persist throughout childhood, and do not solely enable easier delivery through the birth canal.

Quiz 7: The Axial Skeleton