Question 1

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the
A)movement of the arytenoid cartilages.
B)extrinsic ligaments.
C)contraction of laryngeal muscles.
D)movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of laryngeal muscles.
E)extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments.

Accepted Answer

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the movement of the arytenoid cartilages and the contraction of laryngeal muscles. Both of these mechanisms work together to adjust the tension on the vocal cords, which affects the pitch and volume of the voice. The extrinsic ligaments and intrinsic ligaments also play a role in supporting and stabilizing the vocal cords, but they do not have a direct effect on tension regulation.

Question 2

The following is a list of some airways.What is the order in which air passes through them?
1)secondary bronchus
2)bronchioles
3)alveolar ducts
4)primary bronchus
5)respiratory bronchiole
6)alveoli
7)terminal bronchiole
A)4,1,2,7,5,3,6
B)4,1,2,5,7,3,6
C)1,4,2,5,7,3,6
D)1,4,2,7,5,3,6
E)2,4,1,7,5,3,6

Accepted Answer

Air passes through the airways in the following order: primary bronchus (4), secondary bronchus (1), bronchioles (2), terminal bronchiole (7), respiratory bronchiole (5), alveolar ducts (3), and finally alveoli (6).

Question 3

Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can
A)move the cricoid cartilage.
B)close the glottis.
C)constrict the trachea.
D)move food from the larynx to the esophagus.
E)assist in breathing during exercise.

Accepted Answer

Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can close the glottis, which is important in preventing food or liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing and for producing sounds during speech. None of the other choices accurately describe the function of these muscles.

Question 4

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?
A)forces air into the lungs
B)causes air to swirl within the respiratory passageway
C)prevents food from entering the larynx
D)acts like a supplementary air pump
E)adjusts tension of vocal folds

Accepted Answer

Structure labeled "8" is the epiglottis, which is responsible for preventing food from entering the larynx during swallowing.

Question 5

Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces
A)speech.
B)articulation.
C)phonation.
D)whistling.
E)ululation.

Accepted Answer

Phonation is the process of sound production in the larynx through the vibration of the vocal folds. Speech and articulation refer to the production and formation of speech sounds, respectively, which are not solely dependent on phonation. Whistling and ululation are forms of non-speech sound production that do not involve the vocal folds in the larynx.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the trachea is false?
A)It is lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
B)Tracheal cartilages prevent tracheal collapse.
C)It contains many mucous glands.
D)It alters its diameter in response to the autonomic nervous system.
E)It is reinforced with D-shaped cartilages.

Accepted Answer

The trachea is reinforced with C-shaped cartilages, not D-shaped cartilages.

Question 7

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-What is the function of the structures labeled "12"?
A)cause air to swirl within the respiratory passageway
B)improve warming of incoming air
C)create narrow passages
D)help olfaction
E)All of the answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

The structures labeled "12" are likely referring to nasal conchae, which serve multiple functions: they cause air to swirl, improve warming and humidification of incoming air, create narrow passages, and aid in olfaction.

Question 8

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because
A)large masses of food can move through the esophagus.
B)large masses of air can pass through the trachea and thus the bronchi.
C)it facilitates turning of the head.
D)the bronchi are also C-shaped.
E)it permits the trachea to pinch shut prior to sneezing.

Accepted Answer

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages allows the esophagus to expand into the space where the trachea is not completely encircled by cartilage, facilitating the passage of large masses of food.

Question 9

The adult human trachea is about ________ in diameter and contains ________ tracheal cartilages.
A)1)0 cm; 15-20
B)1)0 cm; 10-15
C)2)5 cm; 15-20
D)2)5 cm; 40-50
E)4)5 cm; 60-80

Accepted Answer

The adult human trachea is about 2.5 cm (or 1 inch) in diameter and contains 15-20 tracheal cartilages. Option A is incorrect because the diameter is too small. Options D and E are incorrect because the diameter and number of tracheal cartilages are too large. Option B is close to the correct diameter but has too few cartilages.

Question 10

During swallowing,the
A)intrinsic laryngeal muscles contract.
B)extrinsic laryngeal muscles contract.
C)glottis closes.
D)epiglottis is depressed.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

During swallowing, the epiglottis is depressed to cover the glottis, preventing food from entering the trachea.

Question 11

Tina is singing a song.At a certain point in the song,she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords.The sound that she produces is
A)low pitched and loud.
B)high pitched and loud.
C)low pitched and soft.
D)high pitched and soft.
E)medium pitched and soft.

Accepted Answer

When Tina increases the tension on her vocal cords and forces a large volume of air out of the glottis, it creates a high pitched and loud sound.

Question 12

During a choking episode,most foreign objects are lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.
A)right primary
B)left primary
C)right secondary
D)left secondary
E)medial

Accepted Answer

The right primary bronchus has a larger diameter and steeper angle compared to the left primary bronchus, making it more likely for foreign objects to become lodged in this bronchus during a choking episode.

Question 13

The ________ branch from the trachea at the carina.
A)terminal bronchioles
B)secondary bronchi
C)tertiary bronchi
D)primary bronchi
E)alveolar ducts

Accepted Answer

The primary bronchi branch from the trachea at the carina, which is the point where the trachea divides into the left and right main bronchi.

Question 14

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "7."
A)internal nares
B)esophagus
C)glottis
D)oropharynx
E)laryngopharynx

Accepted Answer

Structure labeled "7" is the oropharynx, which is the portion of the pharynx behind the oral cavity.

Question 15

An acute infection of the throat that can lead to swelling and closure of the glottis and cause suffocation is known as
A)laryngitis.
B)laryngospasm.
C)acute epiglottitis.
D)strep throat.
E)acute pharyngitis.

Accepted Answer

Acute epiglottitis presents as severe throat pain, difficulty swallowing, drooling and potentially life-threatening respiratory distress due to swelling of the epiglottis, which can lead to closure of the glottis and suffocation. Laryngitis, laryngospasm, strep throat, and acute pharyngitis may cause throat pain, but do not typically lead to the same potentially life-threatening complications as acute epiglottitis.

Question 16

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree is the
A)trachea.
B)bronchiole.
C)laryngopharynx.
D)alveolar duct.
E)bronchus.

Accepted Answer

The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchial tree, and it is commonly known as the windpipe. The bronchioles are smaller branches within the bronchial tree, and the laryngopharynx is a portion of the pharynx (throat) that is situated behind the larynx. The alveolar ducts are small tubes within the lungs that lead to the alveoli (air sacs), which are the site of gas exchange. The bronchus refers to one of the main branches of the bronchial tree.

Question 17

The laryngeal cartilage which is not composed of hyaline cartilage is the
A)arytenoid.
B)corniculate.
C)cricoid.
D)epiglottis.
E)thyroid.

Accepted Answer

The epiglottis is the only cartilage in the larynx that is composed of elastic cartilage, not hyaline cartilage like the other laryngeal cartilages (arytenoid, corniculate, cricoid, and thyroid).

Question 18

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "2."
A)olfactory organ
B)oropharynx
C)nasopharynx
D)internal nares
E)nasal sinus

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure...

Question 19

Secondary bronchi supply air to the
A)lungs.
B)lobes of the lungs.
C)lobules of the lungs.
D)alveoli.
E)alveolar ducts.

Accepted Answer

The secondary bronchi branch off from the main bronchi and supply air to the lobes of the lungs. The lobes are large sections of the lungs that can be seen on the surface, and each lobe is supplied by a specific secondary bronchus. The lobules, on the other hand, are smaller sections of the lung tissue that are supplied by tertiary bronchi and are not directly supplied by the secondary bronchi. The alveoli and alveolar ducts are even smaller structures within the lung tissue where gas exchange actually occurs, and these structures are located at the end of the airways, beyond the bronchi and bronchioles.

Question 20

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure vibrates to produce sound?
A)5
B)8
C)10
D)11
E)19

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure...

Quiz 23: The Respiratory System

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the

The following is a list of some airways.What is the order in which air passes through them? 1) secondary bronchus 2) bronchioles 3) alveolar ducts 4) primary bronchus 5) respiratory bronchiole 6) alveoli 7) terminal bronchiole

Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?

Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces

Which of the following statements about the trachea is false?

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -What is the function of the structures labeled "12"?

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

The adult human trachea is about in diameter and contains tracheal cartilages.

During swallowing,the

Tina is singing a song.At a certain point in the song,she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords.The sound that she produces is

During a choking episode,most foreign objects are lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

The ________ branch from the trachea at the carina.

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "7."

An acute infection of the throat that can lead to swelling and closure of the glottis and cause suffocation is known as

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree is the

The laryngeal cartilage which is not composed of hyaline cartilage is the

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "2."

Secondary bronchi supply air to the

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -Which structure vibrates to produce sound?