Question 1

The traits of an individual controlled by his or her genotype are his or her
A)pleiotype.
B)allotype.
C)phenotype.
D)isotype.
E)genotype.

Accepted Answer

The phenotype is the physical and behavioral traits of an individual that are determined by their genotype, as well as environmental influences. The other answer choices are not relevant to the concept of genetic traits.

Question 2

The 23ʳᵈ set of chromosomes determines
A)characteristics of the brain.
B)sex.
C)body characteristics.
D)blood type.
E)sex drive.

Accepted Answer

The 23rd set of chromosomes determines the sex of an individual. The presence of XY chromosomes results in a male while XX chromosomes result in a female.

Question 3

A new mother tells you that when she nurses her baby,she feels as if she is having menstrual cramps.How would you explain this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A new mother tells you that when...

Question 4

How many chromosomes do human gametes contain?
A)12
B)23
C)46
D)92
E)6

Accepted Answer

Human gametes contain 23 chromosomes. This is half the number of chromosomes found in other body cells, which is 46.

Question 5

How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain?
A)12
B)23
C)46
D)92
E)6

Accepted Answer

Human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes in total, which are arranged in pairs (23 pairs).

Question 6

The full set of genetic information in an individual's chromosomes is called
A)pleiotype.
B)allotype.
C)phenotype.
D)isotype.
E)genome.

Accepted Answer

The term for the full set of genetic information in an individual's chromosomes is genome. A is incorrect because pleiotype is not a real term. B is incorrect because allotype refers to genetic variation in proteins, not the full set of genetic information. C is incorrect because phenotype refers to the physical traits that result from the interaction between an individual's genetic makeup and the environment. D is incorrect because isotype refers to variations of antibodies.

Question 7

In ________,a sample of amniotic fluid is removed and the fetal cells it contains are analyzed.
A)chorionic villus sampling
B)amniocentesis
C)paracentesis
D)amniosis
E)thoracentesis

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis is the only option provided that involves obtaining a sample of amniotic fluid for analysis of fetal cells. Chorionic villus sampling involves obtaining a sample of cells from the placenta, while paracentesis and thoracentesis involve obtaining fluid from the abdomen and chest, respectively, for diagnostic purposes. Amniosis is not a medical procedure or term.

Question 8

The clear liquid secreted by the mammary glands before milk production begins is called
A)milk.
B)colostrum.
C)serum.
D)plasma.
E)peritoneal.

Accepted Answer

The clear liquid secreted by the mammary glands before milk production begins is called colostrum.

Question 9

A 5-6-kg (11-13-lb)infant usually requires about ________ of milk per day.
A)250 ml
B)1)5 quarts
C)100 ml
D)850 ml
E)1 cup

Accepted Answer

A 5-6 kg infant typically requires about 850 ml of milk per day to meet their nutritional needs.

Question 10

The period from 1 month after birth to 1year is known as
A)childhood.
B)post-fetal.
C)neogen.
D)infancy.
E)neonatal.

Accepted Answer

Infancy is the period from one month after birth to one year old. The other options may refer to other stages of development but do not specifically cover this time frame.

Question 11

A zygote whose genotype is XX will develop as a
A)female.
B)male.

Accepted Answer

A zygote with XX genotype means that it has two X chromosomes. This is the genetic makeup of a female individual.

Question 12

The Y chromosome carries information for
A)the penis.
B)the development of the brain.
C)sexual drive.
D)fertility ability.
E)the development of the testes.

Accepted Answer

The Y chromosome carries the SRY gene, which is crucial for the development of the testes.

Question 13

What activity during oocyte activation prevents penetration by additional sperm?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What activity during oocyte activation prevents penetration...

Question 14

Outline the events that take place between exposure of the oocyte to spermatozoa and formation of the first blastomere pair.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline the events that take place between...

Question 15

________ is the percentage of individuals with a particular genotype that actually show the "expected" phenotype.
A)Blending
B)Penetrance
C)Codominance
D)Genome imprinting
E)Pangenesis

Accepted Answer

Penetrance refers to the percentage of individuals carrying a particular genotype that actually display the corresponding phenotype. It refers to the extent to which the genotype is expressed in the individual's phenotype.

Question 16

Genes that appear on the X chromosome are said to be
A)somatic.
B)polygenic.
C)X-linked.
D)autosomal.
E)chromosomal.

Accepted Answer

X-linked genes are genes that are located on the X chromosome. They are inherited in a sex-linked pattern, as females have two X chromosomes while males have one X and one Y chromosome. Examples of X-linked disorders include color blindness and hemophilia. Somatic genes are genes that are not involved in sex determination, polygenic genes are genes that are influenced by multiple genes, autosomal genes are not sex-linked, and chromosomal genes are not a well-defined category of genes.

Question 17

A ________ allele is expressed only when homozygous.
A)homologous
B)homocentric
C)recessive
D)maternal
E)dominant

Accepted Answer

A recessive allele is expressed only when homozygous, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the recessive allele to exhibit the recessive trait. In contrast, a dominant allele is expressed even when heterozygous, meaning that an individual only needs to inherit one copy of the dominant allele to exhibit the dominant trait. Homologous refers to similar chromosomes that come from the maternal and paternal parents, homocentric is not a biological term, and maternal refers to traits that are inherited from the mother.

Question 18

A ________ allele will always be expressed regardless of what the other allele happens to be.
A)homologous
B)homocentric
C)recessive
D)maternal
E)dominant

Accepted Answer

A dominant allele will always be expressed even if there is only one copy of it and regardless of what the other allele is. This is because the presence of a dominant allele masks the effect of any recessive allele that may be present.

Question 19

A mother has a lot of milk stored in the breast and mammary glands but cannot seem to expel the milk for her newborn.Her doctor thinks that the cause may be
A)low levels of oxytocin.
B)high levels of HCG.
C)low levels of estrogen.
D)low levels of progesterone.
E)unresponsive smooth muscle around the mammary glands.

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin plays a crucial role in milk ejection (letdown) from the breasts. Low levels of oxytocin could prevent a mother from being able to expel milk even if she has a lot stored in her breasts.

Question 20

List and briefly characterize the three trimesters of gestation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and briefly characterize the three trimesters...

Quiz 29: Development and Inheritance

The traits of an individual controlled by his or her genotype are his or her

The 23ʳᵈ set of chromosomes determines

A new mother tells you that when she nurses her baby,she feels as if she is having menstrual cramps.How would you explain this phenomenon?

How many chromosomes do human gametes contain?

How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain?

The full set of genetic information in an individual's chromosomes is called

In ________,a sample of amniotic fluid is removed and the fetal cells it contains are analyzed.

The clear liquid secreted by the mammary glands before milk production begins is called

A 5-6-kg (11-13-lb) infant usually requires about ________ of milk per day.

The period from 1 month after birth to 1year is known as

A zygote whose genotype is XX will develop as a

The Y chromosome carries information for

What activity during oocyte activation prevents penetration by additional sperm?

Outline the events that take place between exposure of the oocyte to spermatozoa and formation of the first blastomere pair.

________ is the percentage of individuals with a particular genotype that actually show the "expected" phenotype.

Genes that appear on the X chromosome are said to be

A ________ allele is expressed only when homozygous.

A ________ allele will always be expressed regardless of what the other allele happens to be.

A mother has a lot of milk stored in the breast and mammary glands but cannot seem to expel the milk for her newborn.Her doctor thinks that the cause may be

List and briefly characterize the three trimesters of gestation.