Question 1

A client prescribed tamoxifen (Nolvadex)for breast cancer treatment asks the nurse how the medication works.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A) Breast cancer is dependent on estrogen for growth. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) acts by blocking estrogen receptors; the tumor is deprived of estrogen. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the metabolism of breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the cellular mitosis of breast cancer. Tamoxifen does not bind to the DNA of breast cancer cells.
B) Breast cancer is dependent on estrogen for growth. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) acts by blocking estrogen receptors; the tumor is deprived of estrogen. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the metabolism of breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the cellular mitosis of breast cancer. Tamoxifen does not bind to the DNA of breast cancer cells.
C) Breast cancer is dependent on estrogen for growth. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) acts by blocking estrogen receptors; the tumor is deprived of estrogen. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the metabolism of breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the cellular mitosis of breast cancer. Tamoxifen does not bind to the DNA of breast cancer cells.
D) Breast cancer is dependent on estrogen for growth. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) acts by blocking estrogen receptors; the tumor is deprived of estrogen. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the metabolism of breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen does not inhibit the cellular mitosis of breast cancer. Tamoxifen does not bind to the DNA of breast cancer cells.

Question 2

An adult client reports to the nurse an inability to tolerate usual exercise and the feeling of fatigue.The client states that these symptoms have been gradual over time.Which physical assessment findings,along with the client's verbal complaints,would indicate chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CML)? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) The symptoms for CML are insidious and occur over time, affecting older adults. The client may exhibit splenomegaly, pallor, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Bone and joint pain with abnormal bleeding are characteristics of AML, which also occurs in older clients.
B) The symptoms for CML are insidious and occur over time, affecting older adults. The client may exhibit splenomegaly, pallor, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Bone and joint pain with abnormal bleeding are characteristics of AML, which also occurs in older clients.
C) The symptoms for CML are insidious and occur over time, affecting older adults. The client may exhibit splenomegaly, pallor, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Bone and joint pain with abnormal bleeding are characteristics of AML, which also occurs in older clients.
D) The symptoms for CML are insidious and occur over time, affecting older adults. The client may exhibit splenomegaly, pallor, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Bone and joint pain with abnormal bleeding are characteristics of AML, which also occurs in older clients.
E) The symptoms for CML are insidious and occur over time, affecting older adults. The client may exhibit splenomegaly, pallor, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Bone and joint pain with abnormal bleeding are characteristics of AML, which also occurs in older clients.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a client with metastatic breast cancer receiving chemotherapy.Even though the prognosis is poor,the client tells the nurse that the plan is to do everything to survive.How should the nurse respond to this client?

Accepted Answer

A) This client is in the earliest stages of cancer treatment, with removal of the primary tumor about to take place. The nurse's role is to support this client's optimism and help in fighting the disease by teaching about nutrition and other supportive actions the client can take to minimize complications of treatment. While the prognosis may be poor, the outcome is not absolute, and the client's wish to do whatever is necessary to survive should be supported. Emphasizing the low survival rate, encouraging the client to prepare for death, and talking with the family about the client's unrealistic expectations would not support the client's optimism.
B) This client is in the earliest stages of cancer treatment, with removal of the primary tumor about to take place. The nurse's role is to support this client's optimism and help in fighting the disease by teaching about nutrition and other supportive actions the client can take to minimize complications of treatment. While the prognosis may be poor, the outcome is not absolute, and the client's wish to do whatever is necessary to survive should be supported. Emphasizing the low survival rate, encouraging the client to prepare for death, and talking with the family about the client's unrealistic expectations would not support the client's optimism.
C) This client is in the earliest stages of cancer treatment, with removal of the primary tumor about to take place. The nurse's role is to support this client's optimism and help in fighting the disease by teaching about nutrition and other supportive actions the client can take to minimize complications of treatment. While the prognosis may be poor, the outcome is not absolute, and the client's wish to do whatever is necessary to survive should be supported. Emphasizing the low survival rate, encouraging the client to prepare for death, and talking with the family about the client's unrealistic expectations would not support the client's optimism.
D) This client is in the earliest stages of cancer treatment, with removal of the primary tumor about to take place. The nurse's role is to support this client's optimism and help in fighting the disease by teaching about nutrition and other supportive actions the client can take to minimize complications of treatment. While the prognosis may be poor, the outcome is not absolute, and the client's wish to do whatever is necessary to survive should be supported. Emphasizing the low survival rate, encouraging the client to prepare for death, and talking with the family about the client's unrealistic expectations would not support the client's optimism.

Question 4

A client receiving radiation therapy as treatment for colorectal cancer is experiencing nausea and vomiting.What should the nurse encourage the client to do?

Accepted Answer

A) Nausea and vomiting are not uncommon in client receiving radiation, and the client may benefit from delaying meals for a few hours after treatment, allowing the primary effects to subside somewhat. Avoiding all food and liquid could put the client at risk for dehydration. Using a mouthwash and eating spicy foods are not recommended interventions for nausea and vomiting.
B) Nausea and vomiting are not uncommon in client receiving radiation, and the client may benefit from delaying meals for a few hours after treatment, allowing the primary effects to subside somewhat. Avoiding all food and liquid could put the client at risk for dehydration. Using a mouthwash and eating spicy foods are not recommended interventions for nausea and vomiting.
C) Nausea and vomiting are not uncommon in client receiving radiation, and the client may benefit from delaying meals for a few hours after treatment, allowing the primary effects to subside somewhat. Avoiding all food and liquid could put the client at risk for dehydration. Using a mouthwash and eating spicy foods are not recommended interventions for nausea and vomiting.
D) Nausea and vomiting are not uncommon in client receiving radiation, and the client may benefit from delaying meals for a few hours after treatment, allowing the primary effects to subside somewhat. Avoiding all food and liquid could put the client at risk for dehydration. Using a mouthwash and eating spicy foods are not recommended interventions for nausea and vomiting.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a client with colorectal cancer who is post-operative from a transverse colostomy placement.What area of the bowel is involved?

Accepted Answer

A) Colostomies take the name of the portion of the colon from which they are formed. The transverse colon is the area of the bowel involved.
B) Colostomies take the name of the portion of the colon from which they are formed. The transverse colon is the area of the bowel involved.
C) Colostomies take the name of the portion of the colon from which they are formed. The transverse colon is the area of the bowel involved.
D) Colostomies take the name of the portion of the colon from which they are formed. The transverse colon is the area of the bowel involved.
E) Colostomies take the name of the portion of the colon from which they are formed. The transverse colon is the area of the bowel involved.

Question 6

The nurse is speaking with a client who wants information regarding colorectal cancer.Which statement indicates the client understood the information presented by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A) Colorectal cancer is asymptomatic in the early stages. Screening tools such as annual fecal occult blood testing and colonoscopy performed every 5-10 years can detect the cancer when it is still in the curable stage. The risk of colorectal cancer rises with age and it is the most common cancer after the age of 65. Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA) is not considered a diagnostic test but is used as a tumor marker to follow and manage the disease in clients diagnosed with the disease. The incidence of colorectal cancer is increased in clients with a history of ulcerative colitis, and these clients need diligent screening.
B) Colorectal cancer is asymptomatic in the early stages. Screening tools such as annual fecal occult blood testing and colonoscopy performed every 5-10 years can detect the cancer when it is still in the curable stage. The risk of colorectal cancer rises with age and it is the most common cancer after the age of 65. Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA) is not considered a diagnostic test but is used as a tumor marker to follow and manage the disease in clients diagnosed with the disease. The incidence of colorectal cancer is increased in clients with a history of ulcerative colitis, and these clients need diligent screening.
C) Colorectal cancer is asymptomatic in the early stages. Screening tools such as annual fecal occult blood testing and colonoscopy performed every 5-10 years can detect the cancer when it is still in the curable stage. The risk of colorectal cancer rises with age and it is the most common cancer after the age of 65. Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA) is not considered a diagnostic test but is used as a tumor marker to follow and manage the disease in clients diagnosed with the disease. The incidence of colorectal cancer is increased in clients with a history of ulcerative colitis, and these clients need diligent screening.
D) Colorectal cancer is asymptomatic in the early stages. Screening tools such as annual fecal occult blood testing and colonoscopy performed every 5-10 years can detect the cancer when it is still in the curable stage. The risk of colorectal cancer rises with age and it is the most common cancer after the age of 65. Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA) is not considered a diagnostic test but is used as a tumor marker to follow and manage the disease in clients diagnosed with the disease. The incidence of colorectal cancer is increased in clients with a history of ulcerative colitis, and these clients need diligent screening.

Question 7

A client with terminal colon cancer is refusing all food and fluids.The client has a living will that states no artificial nutrition is to be provided; however,the family is asking for a gastrostomy tube.What should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

A) A nurse is morally obligated to withhold food and fluids if it is determined to be more harmful to administer them than to withhold them. The nurse must also honor competent clients' refusal of food and fluids. This position is supported by the ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses, through the nurse's role as a client advocate and through the moral principle of autonomy. Clients, not their families, should make decisions about their own health care and treatment. The physician may or may not be involved, but would not disregard the client's refusal. An ethics committee is usually considered when there is an ethical dilemma and more input is needed to make a decision. In this case, the client has made a decision and it should be honored.
B) A nurse is morally obligated to withhold food and fluids if it is determined to be more harmful to administer them than to withhold them. The nurse must also honor competent clients' refusal of food and fluids. This position is supported by the ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses, through the nurse's role as a client advocate and through the moral principle of autonomy. Clients, not their families, should make decisions about their own health care and treatment. The physician may or may not be involved, but would not disregard the client's refusal. An ethics committee is usually considered when there is an ethical dilemma and more input is needed to make a decision. In this case, the client has made a decision and it should be honored.
C) A nurse is morally obligated to withhold food and fluids if it is determined to be more harmful to administer them than to withhold them. The nurse must also honor competent clients' refusal of food and fluids. This position is supported by the ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses, through the nurse's role as a client advocate and through the moral principle of autonomy. Clients, not their families, should make decisions about their own health care and treatment. The physician may or may not be involved, but would not disregard the client's refusal. An ethics committee is usually considered when there is an ethical dilemma and more input is needed to make a decision. In this case, the client has made a decision and it should be honored.
D) A nurse is morally obligated to withhold food and fluids if it is determined to be more harmful to administer them than to withhold them. The nurse must also honor competent clients' refusal of food and fluids. This position is supported by the ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses, through the nurse's role as a client advocate and through the moral principle of autonomy. Clients, not their families, should make decisions about their own health care and treatment. The physician may or may not be involved, but would not disregard the client's refusal. An ethics committee is usually considered when there is an ethical dilemma and more input is needed to make a decision. In this case, the client has made a decision and it should be honored.

Question 8

A pediatric client is receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia.While providing care for this client,which clinical manifestations would indicate tumor lysis syndrome? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Tumor lysis causes a metabolic emergency. Because of electrolyte imbalance, the signs can be oliguria and altered levels of consciousness. Thrombocytopenia occurs with a hematological emergency. Space-occupying lesions can cause respiratory distress and upper-extremity edema.
B) Tumor lysis causes a metabolic emergency. Because of electrolyte imbalance, the signs can be oliguria and altered levels of consciousness. Thrombocytopenia occurs with a hematological emergency. Space-occupying lesions can cause respiratory distress and upper-extremity edema.
C) Tumor lysis causes a metabolic emergency. Because of electrolyte imbalance, the signs can be oliguria and altered levels of consciousness. Thrombocytopenia occurs with a hematological emergency. Space-occupying lesions can cause respiratory distress and upper-extremity edema.
D) Tumor lysis causes a metabolic emergency. Because of electrolyte imbalance, the signs can be oliguria and altered levels of consciousness. Thrombocytopenia occurs with a hematological emergency. Space-occupying lesions can cause respiratory distress and upper-extremity edema.
E) Tumor lysis causes a metabolic emergency. Because of electrolyte imbalance, the signs can be oliguria and altered levels of consciousness. Thrombocytopenia occurs with a hematological emergency. Space-occupying lesions can cause respiratory distress and upper-extremity edema.

Question 9

A client has just been told that a colectomy and ileostomy are needed to treat a new diagnosis of colon cancer.Which diagnosis should the nurse use to plan this client's preoperative nursing care?

Accepted Answer

A) The client and family will require support to deal with their emotional response to learning the client has cancer and will undergo body image-changing surgery. Disuse syndrome and injury from positioning may be factors after surgery. Now is not the time to begin instructions, because the client will most likely be unable to learn or concentrate on what the nurse is teaching.
B) The client and family will require support to deal with their emotional response to learning the client has cancer and will undergo body image-changing surgery. Disuse syndrome and injury from positioning may be factors after surgery. Now is not the time to begin instructions, because the client will most likely be unable to learn or concentrate on what the nurse is teaching.
C) The client and family will require support to deal with their emotional response to learning the client has cancer and will undergo body image-changing surgery. Disuse syndrome and injury from positioning may be factors after surgery. Now is not the time to begin instructions, because the client will most likely be unable to learn or concentrate on what the nurse is teaching.
D) The client and family will require support to deal with their emotional response to learning the client has cancer and will undergo body image-changing surgery. Disuse syndrome and injury from positioning may be factors after surgery. Now is not the time to begin instructions, because the client will most likely be unable to learn or concentrate on what the nurse is teaching.

Question 10

During an assessment,the nurse notes that a client receiving radiation treatments for breast cancer has excoriated skin.What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Radiation causes skin excoriation. With the excoriation, the client is at risk for infection due to skin breakdown. The client who receives radiation is more at risk for fluid volume deficit. Depending on the assessment, the client may or may not have activity intolerance. There is no evidence of respiratory difficulties in this client.
B) Radiation causes skin excoriation. With the excoriation, the client is at risk for infection due to skin breakdown. The client who receives radiation is more at risk for fluid volume deficit. Depending on the assessment, the client may or may not have activity intolerance. There is no evidence of respiratory difficulties in this client.
C) Radiation causes skin excoriation. With the excoriation, the client is at risk for infection due to skin breakdown. The client who receives radiation is more at risk for fluid volume deficit. Depending on the assessment, the client may or may not have activity intolerance. There is no evidence of respiratory difficulties in this client.
D) Radiation causes skin excoriation. With the excoriation, the client is at risk for infection due to skin breakdown. The client who receives radiation is more at risk for fluid volume deficit. Depending on the assessment, the client may or may not have activity intolerance. There is no evidence of respiratory difficulties in this client.

Question 11

The nurse is teaching a client scheduled for a colonoscopy on pre- and post-procedure care.Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A) The colonoscopy is not a painful examination. It usually takes about an hour. The client will be given conscious sedation, which causes drowsiness. Tissue samples are often taken during colonoscopies.
B) The colonoscopy is not a painful examination. It usually takes about an hour. The client will be given conscious sedation, which causes drowsiness. Tissue samples are often taken during colonoscopies.
C) The colonoscopy is not a painful examination. It usually takes about an hour. The client will be given conscious sedation, which causes drowsiness. Tissue samples are often taken during colonoscopies.
D) The colonoscopy is not a painful examination. It usually takes about an hour. The client will be given conscious sedation, which causes drowsiness. Tissue samples are often taken during colonoscopies.

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a double-barrel colostomy.Which is true regarding the proximal stoma? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) When a double-barrel colostomy is performed, two separate stomas are created. The distal colon is not removed, but bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma, also called the mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
B) When a double-barrel colostomy is performed, two separate stomas are created. The distal colon is not removed, but bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma, also called the mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
C) When a double-barrel colostomy is performed, two separate stomas are created. The distal colon is not removed, but bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma, also called the mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
D) When a double-barrel colostomy is performed, two separate stomas are created. The distal colon is not removed, but bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma, also called the mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
E) When a double-barrel colostomy is performed, two separate stomas are created. The distal colon is not removed, but bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma, also called the mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.

Question 13

The nurse instructs a client recovering from a mastectomy on ways to prevent lymphedema.Which client statement indicates that teaching has been successful?

Accepted Answer

A) Range-of-motion exercises in the affected arm helps develop collateral drainage and prevent the development of lymphedema. The client should be instructed to protect the affected limb by not permitting blood pressure measurement and avoiding tight jewelry and clothing on the limb. There is no reason for the client to avoid cleansing the skin of the affected arm with soap. Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables will not prevent the development of lymphedema.
B) Range-of-motion exercises in the affected arm helps develop collateral drainage and prevent the development of lymphedema. The client should be instructed to protect the affected limb by not permitting blood pressure measurement and avoiding tight jewelry and clothing on the limb. There is no reason for the client to avoid cleansing the skin of the affected arm with soap. Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables will not prevent the development of lymphedema.
C) Range-of-motion exercises in the affected arm helps develop collateral drainage and prevent the development of lymphedema. The client should be instructed to protect the affected limb by not permitting blood pressure measurement and avoiding tight jewelry and clothing on the limb. There is no reason for the client to avoid cleansing the skin of the affected arm with soap. Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables will not prevent the development of lymphedema.
D) Range-of-motion exercises in the affected arm helps develop collateral drainage and prevent the development of lymphedema. The client should be instructed to protect the affected limb by not permitting blood pressure measurement and avoiding tight jewelry and clothing on the limb. There is no reason for the client to avoid cleansing the skin of the affected arm with soap. Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables will not prevent the development of lymphedema.

Question 14

While completing a physical examination,the nurse suspects a client has breast cancer.What did the nurse assess in this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Manifestations of breast cancer include skin retraction in an area of the breast, unusual lump in the underarm region, and flaking skin near the nipple. A rash on the arm and arm pain upon extension are not manifestations of breast cancer.
B) Manifestations of breast cancer include skin retraction in an area of the breast, unusual lump in the underarm region, and flaking skin near the nipple. A rash on the arm and arm pain upon extension are not manifestations of breast cancer.
C) Manifestations of breast cancer include skin retraction in an area of the breast, unusual lump in the underarm region, and flaking skin near the nipple. A rash on the arm and arm pain upon extension are not manifestations of breast cancer.
D) Manifestations of breast cancer include skin retraction in an area of the breast, unusual lump in the underarm region, and flaking skin near the nipple. A rash on the arm and arm pain upon extension are not manifestations of breast cancer.
E) Manifestations of breast cancer include skin retraction in an area of the breast, unusual lump in the underarm region, and flaking skin near the nipple. A rash on the arm and arm pain upon extension are not manifestations of breast cancer.

Question 15

The nurse is providing care to a client who was recently diagnosed with breast cancer.The nurse is providing education regarding the possible treatment options.Which options will the nurse include in the teaching session? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Treatment options appropriate for a client newly diagnosed with breast cancer may include mastectomy, hormone therapy, lumpectomy, and radiation. Palliative care will only be implemented once the client's cancer is considered to be terminal in nature.
B) Treatment options appropriate for a client newly diagnosed with breast cancer may include mastectomy, hormone therapy, lumpectomy, and radiation. Palliative care will only be implemented once the client's cancer is considered to be terminal in nature.
C) Treatment options appropriate for a client newly diagnosed with breast cancer may include mastectomy, hormone therapy, lumpectomy, and radiation. Palliative care will only be implemented once the client's cancer is considered to be terminal in nature.
D) Treatment options appropriate for a client newly diagnosed with breast cancer may include mastectomy, hormone therapy, lumpectomy, and radiation. Palliative care will only be implemented once the client's cancer is considered to be terminal in nature.
E) Treatment options appropriate for a client newly diagnosed with breast cancer may include mastectomy, hormone therapy, lumpectomy, and radiation. Palliative care will only be implemented once the client's cancer is considered to be terminal in nature.

Question 16

The nurse is evaluating care provided to a client recovering from surgery for colorectal cancer.Which outcomes indicate that care has been successful? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Evidence that care has been effective includes an adequate hourly urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, ability to perform activities of daily living, and tolerating oral intake. Not participating in the care of an ostomy and stating that family will provide the care needed are evidence of ineffective coping, an undesirable outcome. Pain rating should be at a level or 3 or less as evidence of successful care.
B) Evidence that care has been effective includes an adequate hourly urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, ability to perform activities of daily living, and tolerating oral intake. Not participating in the care of an ostomy and stating that family will provide the care needed are evidence of ineffective coping, an undesirable outcome. Pain rating should be at a level or 3 or less as evidence of successful care.
C) Evidence that care has been effective includes an adequate hourly urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, ability to perform activities of daily living, and tolerating oral intake. Not participating in the care of an ostomy and stating that family will provide the care needed are evidence of ineffective coping, an undesirable outcome. Pain rating should be at a level or 3 or less as evidence of successful care.
D) Evidence that care has been effective includes an adequate hourly urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, ability to perform activities of daily living, and tolerating oral intake. Not participating in the care of an ostomy and stating that family will provide the care needed are evidence of ineffective coping, an undesirable outcome. Pain rating should be at a level or 3 or less as evidence of successful care.
E) Evidence that care has been effective includes an adequate hourly urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, ability to perform activities of daily living, and tolerating oral intake. Not participating in the care of an ostomy and stating that family will provide the care needed are evidence of ineffective coping, an undesirable outcome. Pain rating should be at a level or 3 or less as evidence of successful care.

Question 17

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client being treated with brachytherapy for breast cancer.Which assessment finding indicates that the client's skin integrity has been maintained?

Accepted Answer

A) The goal for the client receiving radiation therapy to the chest is intact skin, which the nurse would expect to find. Skin that is damp with sweat, dry, or stretched is not consistent with radiation. If the goal were not met, the nurse would find excoriation.
B) The goal for the client receiving radiation therapy to the chest is intact skin, which the nurse would expect to find. Skin that is damp with sweat, dry, or stretched is not consistent with radiation. If the goal were not met, the nurse would find excoriation.
C) The goal for the client receiving radiation therapy to the chest is intact skin, which the nurse would expect to find. Skin that is damp with sweat, dry, or stretched is not consistent with radiation. If the goal were not met, the nurse would find excoriation.
D) The goal for the client receiving radiation therapy to the chest is intact skin, which the nurse would expect to find. Skin that is damp with sweat, dry, or stretched is not consistent with radiation. If the goal were not met, the nurse would find excoriation.

Question 18

The nurse provides an educational session for community members about the risk factors for colorectal cancer.Which participant statement indicates that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic factors are strongly linked to the risk for colorectal cancer. Family history of the disease increases an individual's risk for its development. Inflammatory bowel diseases increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The disease is prevalent in people who consume diets high in meat proteins. Cereal fiber does not play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The use of aspirin and multivitamins may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
B) Genetic factors are strongly linked to the risk for colorectal cancer. Family history of the disease increases an individual's risk for its development. Inflammatory bowel diseases increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The disease is prevalent in people who consume diets high in meat proteins. Cereal fiber does not play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The use of aspirin and multivitamins may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
C) Genetic factors are strongly linked to the risk for colorectal cancer. Family history of the disease increases an individual's risk for its development. Inflammatory bowel diseases increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The disease is prevalent in people who consume diets high in meat proteins. Cereal fiber does not play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The use of aspirin and multivitamins may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
D) Genetic factors are strongly linked to the risk for colorectal cancer. Family history of the disease increases an individual's risk for its development. Inflammatory bowel diseases increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The disease is prevalent in people who consume diets high in meat proteins. Cereal fiber does not play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The use of aspirin and multivitamins may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
E) Genetic factors are strongly linked to the risk for colorectal cancer. Family history of the disease increases an individual's risk for its development. Inflammatory bowel diseases increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The disease is prevalent in people who consume diets high in meat proteins. Cereal fiber does not play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The use of aspirin and multivitamins may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Question 19

A client recovering from surgery to place a permanent colostomy as treatment for colon cancer is concerned that her spouse will no longer find her sexually attractive.Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) Since the client has expressed concern to the nurse regarding sexual functioning, the nurse should ask the client to expand upon why there are concerns. Although a referral may be needed for the client at some point, this is not the most appropriate response by the nurse. Telling the client not to worry about the concern and offering to speak to her spouse are not the most appropriate responses at this time.
B) Since the client has expressed concern to the nurse regarding sexual functioning, the nurse should ask the client to expand upon why there are concerns. Although a referral may be needed for the client at some point, this is not the most appropriate response by the nurse. Telling the client not to worry about the concern and offering to speak to her spouse are not the most appropriate responses at this time.
C) Since the client has expressed concern to the nurse regarding sexual functioning, the nurse should ask the client to expand upon why there are concerns. Although a referral may be needed for the client at some point, this is not the most appropriate response by the nurse. Telling the client not to worry about the concern and offering to speak to her spouse are not the most appropriate responses at this time.
D) Since the client has expressed concern to the nurse regarding sexual functioning, the nurse should ask the client to expand upon why there are concerns. Although a referral may be needed for the client at some point, this is not the most appropriate response by the nurse. Telling the client not to worry about the concern and offering to speak to her spouse are not the most appropriate responses at this time.

Question 20

The nurse is preparing care for a client recovering from surgery for colorectal cancer.Which interventions should the nurse use when creating a pain management plan for this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Pain level should be routinely assessed and pain medication should be provided based upon the assessment and not only when the client requests medication for pain. The surgical site should be routinely assessed for inflammation as a potential source of pain. Bowel sounds should be assessed, as a paralytic ileus could cause an increase in pain. Pain medication should be provided before painful procedures. The client should be instructed to use a pillow to splint the incision when deep breathing and coughing.
B) Pain level should be routinely assessed and pain medication should be provided based upon the assessment and not only when the client requests medication for pain. The surgical site should be routinely assessed for inflammation as a potential source of pain. Bowel sounds should be assessed, as a paralytic ileus could cause an increase in pain. Pain medication should be provided before painful procedures. The client should be instructed to use a pillow to splint the incision when deep breathing and coughing.
C) Pain level should be routinely assessed and pain medication should be provided based upon the assessment and not only when the client requests medication for pain. The surgical site should be routinely assessed for inflammation as a potential source of pain. Bowel sounds should be assessed, as a paralytic ileus could cause an increase in pain. Pain medication should be provided before painful procedures. The client should be instructed to use a pillow to splint the incision when deep breathing and coughing.
D) Pain level should be routinely assessed and pain medication should be provided based upon the assessment and not only when the client requests medication for pain. The surgical site should be routinely assessed for inflammation as a potential source of pain. Bowel sounds should be assessed, as a paralytic ileus could cause an increase in pain. Pain medication should be provided before painful procedures. The client should be instructed to use a pillow to splint the incision when deep breathing and coughing.
E) Pain level should be routinely assessed and pain medication should be provided based upon the assessment and not only when the client requests medication for pain. The surgical site should be routinely assessed for inflammation as a potential source of pain. Bowel sounds should be assessed, as a paralytic ileus could cause an increase in pain. Pain medication should be provided before painful procedures. The client should be instructed to use a pillow to splint the incision when deep breathing and coughing.

Quiz 2: Cellular Regulation

A client prescribed tamoxifen (Nolvadex) for breast cancer treatment asks the nurse how the medication works.What is the best response by the nurse?