Question 1

Having high PGO (performance goal orientation)is always dysfunctional.

Accepted Answer

Having a high PGO can serve as a motivator for individuals to strive for success and improve their performance. However, if it becomes an all-consuming goal and the individual values achievement over everything else, it can lead to negative consequences such as burnout, anxiety, and even unethical behavior. Therefore, a high PGO can be functional or dysfunctional depending on how it is managed and balanced with other values and goals.

Question 2

PGO (performance goal orientation)and LGO (learning goal orientation)are fixed and cannot be influenced by other people.

Accepted Answer

PGO and LGO are not fixed and can be influenced by various factors such as feedback, coaching, and social comparison. People can develop a stronger emphasis on either performance or learning goals depending on the environment and their experiences.

Question 3

All people learn in basically the same way.

Accepted Answer

While there are general principles of learning that apply to most people, individuals' learning styles, preferences, abilities, and experiences all vary. This means that people do not learn in the exact same way.

Question 4

Believing that we are not good at something makes it less likely that we will perform well at it.

Accepted Answer

This is supported by the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy, where our beliefs and expectations about our abilities can influence our performance. If we believe we are not good at something, we may approach it with less confidence or effort, leading to poorer performance. On the other hand, if we hold a growth mindset and believe we can improve with effort and practice, we are more likely to perform well.

Question 5

An individual motivated by commissions and merit pay is likely to be a good fit with a job based on teamwork and group rewards.

Accepted Answer

An individual motivated by commissions and merit pay is typically motivated by individual performance and rewards. They may prioritize their own success over the success of the team, which could lead to conflicts in a teamwork-based job that rewards the group as a whole. Therefore, a job based on individual rewards may be a better fit for someone who is motivated by commissions and merit pay.

Question 6

High learning goal orientation has been negatively related to feedback seeking.

Accepted Answer

High learning goal orientation is positively related to feedback seeking, not negatively related.

Question 7

An individual who does not enjoy working with people is not likely to succeed in a sales position.

Accepted Answer

Sales positions require a significant amount of interaction with people, including networking, presenting products or services, negotiating and building relationships with clients. Without enjoyment in working with people, a salesperson may struggle to establish rapport and meet sales targets.

Question 8

Effective leaders match their teaching and coaching style to fit the needs of the person being developed.

Accepted Answer

Effective leaders understand that people have different learning styles and coaching needs. They adjust their teaching and coaching styles to match the needs of the person being developed, which helps that person learn and grow more effectively.

Question 9

PGO (performance goal orientation)decreases anxiety.

Accepted Answer

PGO (Performance Goal Orientation) often increases anxiety because individuals are focused on demonstrating competence and being judged favorably, which can lead to fear of failure and increased stress.

Question 10

Divergers depend primarily on active experimentation and abstract conceptualization to learn.

Accepted Answer

Divergers rely more on concrete experience and reflective observation to learn, as opposed to active experimentation and abstract conceptualization.

Question 11

It is impossible to have high self-esteem but low self-efficacy for certain tasks.

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem pertains to how we see ourselves overall, regardless of specific tasks or situations. Self-efficacy, on the other hand, is the belief in our ability to perform specific tasks or achieve certain goals. It is possible to have high self-esteem but low self-efficacy for certain tasks or activities, such as public speaking or playing a musical instrument.

Question 12

Discovery learners prefer subjective assessments,interactional activities,informational methods,and active-reflective activities.

Accepted Answer

Discovery learners prefer subjective assessments, interactional activities, informational methods, and active-reflective activities, as these types of activities and assessments allow them to engage with the material in a more personal and active way, allowing for deeper learning and understanding.

Question 13

Assimilators tend to be more concerned about abstract concepts and ideas than about people.

Accepted Answer

Assimilators, one of the four learning styles identified by David Kolb, are more focused on abstract ideas, concepts, and theories than on people or practical applications.

Question 14

Experiential learning is negatively related to a preference for action activities.

Accepted Answer

Experiential learning is characterized by hands-on, real-world, and active learning experiences, which suggests a positive relationship with a preference for action activities.

Question 15

Learning oriented individuals welcome opportunities to develop new skills.

Accepted Answer

Learning oriented individuals have a growth mindset and are motivated to develop new skills and knowledge. They welcome opportunities to learn and improve themselves.

Question 16

Accomodators tend to have a hard time dealing with people.

Accepted Answer

This statement is not necessarily true for all accommodators. Accommodators are people who prioritize the needs and wants of others over their own, and while they may struggle with setting boundaries or advocating for themselves, it does not necessarily mean they have a hard time dealing with people in general.

Question 17

Convergers tend to organize concrete situations from different perspectives and structure their relationships into a meaningful whole.

Accepted Answer

Convergers are characterized by their ability to apply ideas in practical situations and their preference for technical tasks over social or interpersonal issues. The description given fits more closely with Assimilators, who excel at understanding a wide range of information and organizing it into clear logical formats.

Question 18

People with a high performance goal orientation want to demonstrate their ability by outperforming others.

Accepted Answer

People with a high performance goal orientation are motivated to achieve success and demonstrate their ability by outperforming others. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 19

Accommodating our own and subordinates' preferred sensory modalities can increase learning and performance.

Accepted Answer

Accommodating preferred sensory modalities can improve learning and performance by catering to individuals' unique ways of processing and retaining information. This could include visual aids, auditory explanations, hands-on activities, or other methods that align with the individual's learning style. Additionally, accommodating these preferences may increase motivation and engagement, leading to better overall performance.

Question 20

Observational learning is positively related to preference for informational methods and active-reflective methods.

Accepted Answer

Observational learning involves gaining knowledge and skills through watching the behavior of others. It can be particularly effective for individuals who prefer learning through informational and active-reflective methods, as they may be more inclined to seek out and engage with the content presented through observation. Therefore, there is a positive relationship between observational learning and preference for these types of learning methods.

Quiz 4: Individual Differences II: Self-Concept, learning Styles, and Types of Fit