Question 1

Identical environmental events can lead to two very different stress reactions, depending on how the event is interpreted.

Accepted Answer

People's reactions to stress are influenced not only by the events themselves, but also by how they perceive and interpret those events. Different individuals can have different interpretations of the same event, leading to different stress reactions.

Question 2

Following a recent outbreak of food poisoning, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stopped shipments of fruit from South America.This was done to prevent further outbreaks from occurring.The actions of the CDC are one example of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Following a recent outbreak of food poisoning,...

Question 3

Stress is an adaptive reaction to events in the world.

Accepted Answer

Stress is an adaptive reaction that helps us respond to challenges and threats in our environment. It prepares us to take action and cope with a difficult situation. However, chronic or excessive stress can have negative effects on our health and well-being.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an example of an activity that qualifies as tertiary prevention?

Accepted Answer

Counseling an HIV-positive individual about how to avoid transmitting the virus to other people is an example of secondary prevention, not tertiary prevention.

Question 5

The psychological experience of stress is always negative in the short term, although it can have long-term psychological benefits.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. While the immediate effects of stress can be negative, such as feelings of anxiety or overwhelm, a moderate amount of stress can actually have positive long-term psychological benefits, such as increased resilience and growth.

Question 6

Handling and containing an illness or habit once it has been acquired is considered:

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention refers to measures taken to contain, manage or treat an illness or habit after it has been acquired. This includes rehabilitation, support groups, and therapy to prevent the illness or habit from causing further harm or complications.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention involves managing and improving quality of life for those with existing diseases, rather than screening or preventing diseases, which are primary and secondary prevention strategies.

Question 8

The fight-or-flight response, which occurs when the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system becomes activated, corresponds to the resistance phase of Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is actually the initial reaction to stress, aligning more closely with the alarm phase of Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), not the resistance phase. The GAS includes three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion, with the fight-or-flight response occurring at the onset of stress.

Question 9

Early treatments for tuberculosis included isolating patients in sanitariums, after they were infected with the disease.This was done to prevent those patients from infecting others.Isolation in sanitariums is one example of:

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention involves managing disease post-diagnosis to slow or stop disease progression, which includes isolating patients to prevent further spread.

Question 10

Tertiary prevention involves:

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention involves interventions or treatments to manage or alleviate symptoms of an illness or habit once it has been acquired. Examples include rehabilitation programs for drug addiction or therapy for mental health disorders. A and B refer to primary and secondary prevention, respectively, while D is unrelated to prevention and instead pertains to research.

Question 11

Individuals who are intravenous drug users are encouraged to come in for regular blood tests in order to be screened for possible HIV infection.This is one example of:

Accepted Answer

Regular blood tests for intravenous drug users is an example of secondary prevention, which involves screening individuals who are at a higher risk of developing a disease in order to detect it early and prevent its spread. In this case, the goal is to detect HIV infection early and prevent it from progressing to AIDS or being transmitted to others. Tertiary prevention involves treating and managing established diseases to prevent complications and improve outcomes, while primary prevention involves measures to prevent diseases from occurring in the first place. Auxiliary prevention is not a recognized term in healthcare.

Question 12

In hopes of reducing the incidence of heart disease and stroke, the company offered free cholesterol tests each year.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat a disease or condition in its early stages to prevent it from progressing or causing complications. By offering free cholesterol tests, the company is targeting individuals who may already have high cholesterol levels and are at risk for heart disease and stroke, allowing for early intervention and management. Primary prevention, on the other hand, focuses on preventing the development of a disease or condition in the first place through lifestyle modifications and education. Tertiary prevention involves managing and rehabilitating individuals who have already been diagnosed with a disease or condition to prevent recurrence or worsening of symptoms. "Quadratic prevention" is not a recognized term in healthcare.

Question 13

A number of doctors and HMOs recommend that all men over the age of 40 have PST levels in their blood checked on a regular basis.The goal is to identify possible prostate cancer as early as possible.This is one example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of secondary prevention because it involves detecting cancer early in those who already have it (detecting cancer in its early stages is preferable, as it allows for earlier treatment and better outcomes). Primary prevention seeks to prevent a disease from occurring altogether (e.g. vaccines), while tertiary prevention focuses on preventing complications or progression of a disease (e.g. rehab after a heart attack). Auxiliary prevention is not a commonly used term in healthcare.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 15

A health psychologist is involved in promoting women's health fairs that screen for breast and cervical cancer, and evaluating psychological and nutritional conditions.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention of a disease or condition. In this case, the health psychologist is promoting health fairs that screen for breast and cervical cancer, which is an early detection and intervention program. The evaluation of psychological and nutritional conditions also falls under secondary prevention, as early identification and intervention can prevent the progression of these conditions.

Question 16

A number of doctors and HMOs recommend that all women over the age of 40 have a baseline mammogram, with follow-up mammograms every two years.The goal is to identify possible breast cancer as early as possible.This is one example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat diseases at an early stage before they become symptomatic or cause complications. In this case, the goal is to identify possible breast cancer in its early stages to increase the chances of successful treatment and reduce mortality rates. Primary prevention aims to prevent the development of diseases in the first place, while tertiary prevention aims to manage and minimize the impact of chronic or advanced diseases. Auxiliary prevention is not a commonly used term in healthcare.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

Accepted Answer

All of these choices are examples of secondary prevention as they involve screening or testing individuals in order to detect a condition or disease in its early stages, with the aim of preventing it from progressing or becoming worse. Monitoring HIV status in intravenous drug users, offering cholesterol tests, and promoting women's health fairs to screen for cancer are all secondary prevention strategies.

Question 18

Gender differences in the behavioral reactions to stress appear across the animal kingdom and may have some basis in the biology of male and female brains.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that males and females often exhibit different responses to stress, and these differences may be related to hormones and brain structure.

Question 19

Individuals who have been infected with the HIV virus are counseled regarding how the disease is spread.This is done in an attempt to prevent those who are already infected with the disease from infecting others.Counseling infected individuals in this way is one example of:

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention aims to manage and reduce the impact of an already established disease by preventing disease progression and the emergence of complications. Counseling individuals who are already infected with HIV to prevent further transmission is an example of managing the disease's impact on the individual and the community, fitting the definition of tertiary prevention.

Question 20

Counseling an HIV-positive individual about how to avoid transmitting the virus to other people is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Counseling an HIV-positive individual about how to...

Quiz 16: Stress and Health

Identical environmental events can lead to two very different stress reactions, depending on how the event is interpreted.

Following a recent outbreak of food poisoning, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stopped shipments of fruit from South America.This was done to prevent further outbreaks from occurring.The actions of the CDC are one example of:

Stress is an adaptive reaction to events in the world.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an activity that qualifies as tertiary prevention?

The psychological experience of stress is always negative in the short term, although it can have long-term psychological benefits.

Handling and containing an illness or habit once it has been acquired is considered:

Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?

The fight-or-flight response, which occurs when the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system becomes activated, corresponds to the resistance phase of Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

Early treatments for tuberculosis included isolating patients in sanitariums, after they were infected with the disease.This was done to prevent those patients from infecting others.Isolation in sanitariums is one example of:

Tertiary prevention involves:

Individuals who are intravenous drug users are encouraged to come in for regular blood tests in order to be screened for possible HIV infection.This is one example of:

In hopes of reducing the incidence of heart disease and stroke, the company offered free cholesterol tests each year.This is an example of:

A number of doctors and HMOs recommend that all men over the age of 40 have PST levels in their blood checked on a regular basis.The goal is to identify possible prostate cancer as early as possible.This is one example of:

Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

A health psychologist is involved in promoting women's health fairs that screen for breast and cervical cancer, and evaluating psychological and nutritional conditions.This is an example of:

A number of doctors and HMOs recommend that all women over the age of 40 have a baseline mammogram, with follow-up mammograms every two years.The goal is to identify possible breast cancer as early as possible.This is one example of:

Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

Gender differences in the behavioral reactions to stress appear across the animal kingdom and may have some basis in the biology of male and female brains.

Individuals who have been infected with the HIV virus are counseled regarding how the disease is spread.This is done in an attempt to prevent those who are already infected with the disease from infecting others.Counseling infected individuals in this way is one example of:

Counseling an HIV-positive individual about how to avoid transmitting the virus to other people is: