Question 1

Lois has been working as an illustrator in a marketing communications company. She is good at her work and knows how to use different illustration software packages. She enjoys her job as she gets to learn new styles of artwork. She is extremely content with her growth in the organization. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.
A) persistence reward
B) intrinsic reward
C) tangible reward
D) financial reward

Accepted Answer

Lois is motivated by the intrinsic reward of learning new styles of artwork and enjoying her job. She is not specifically mentioned as receiving any persistence, tangible, or financial rewards.

Question 2

Edna, a fashion photographer at a media company, feels demotivated at work because her colleague, Barry, a forensic photographer, gets paid more than her even though he has fewer responsibilities than her. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario best illustrate?
A) Expectancy theory
B) Equity theory
C) Alderfer's ERG Theory
D) McClelland's Learned Needs Theory

Accepted Answer

The scenario best illustrates the equity theory, which states that people are motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly in comparison to others. Edna is demotivated because she perceives a lack of fairness in the pay structure in comparison to her colleague Barry.

Question 3

Siddiqi has been a team leader in a company for five years. He was promoted to a managerial role after taking his leadership qualities and his ability to inspire his teammates into consideration. According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Siddiqi was motivated by the _____.
A) need for existence
B) need for power
C) need for belongingness
D) need for safety

Accepted Answer

McClelland's Learned Needs Theory proposes that people are motivated by three needs: the need for achievement, the need for power, and the need for affiliation/belongingness. As Siddiqi was promoted to a managerial role where he has more power over his team, it can be inferred that he was motivated by the need for power.

Question 4

Edwin has been working as a commissioning editor in a publishing firm for the past two years. To reward him for his excellent performance, the company promotes him to the position of head editor. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.
A) monetary reward
B) extrinsic reward
C) natural reward
D) actualization reward

Accepted Answer

The promotion to the position of head editor is an example of an extrinsic reward, which is a tangible reward that is given to an employee in recognition of their performance. In this case, the promotion is a reward for Edwin's excellent performance as a commissioning editor.

Question 5

Peggy loves her new job as a media planner mainly because she feels that her superiors are fair to her despite her being a new employee. She feels that she is treated at par with other employees of the firm. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario illustrate?
A) Expectancy theory
B) McClelland's Learned Needs Theory
C) Alderfer's ERG Theory
D) Equity theory

Accepted Answer

The scenario illustrates the equity theory, which suggests that employees are motivated when they perceive that their outcomes are fair in comparison to their inputs, and they are treated at par with other employees. Peggy feels satisfied with her job because she perceives that her superiors are fair to her despite being a new employee.

Question 6

Lori is considered one of the most successful lawyers in Sambatton, a law firm. She likes working on challenging cases and prefers working independently. In the context of McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Lori is most likely motivated by the need for _____.
A) affiliation
B) achievement
C) power
D) relatedness

Accepted Answer

According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, individuals are motivated by the need for achievement, affiliation, or power. Lori's preference for challenging cases and independent work suggest that she is primarily motivated by the need for achievement, which is characterized by a desire to excel and succeed in tasks that involve personal responsibility and moderate risk. The need for affiliation is characterized by a desire for close relationships and social interaction, while the need for power is characterized by a desire to influence and control others. The need for relatedness is not a part of McClelland's theory.

Question 7

Jude, a salesman, received a bonus of $1,000 from his employer for meeting his quarterly sales target. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.
A) extrinsic reward
B) esteem reward
C) natural reward
D) actualization reward

Accepted Answer

The bonus given to Jude by his employer is an example of an extrinsic reward, which is given to an employee by an external party (in this case, the employer) in response to their performance or behavior.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an extrinsic reward?
A) A sense of accomplishment
B) A feeling of responsibility
C) A chance to learn something new
D) A promotion to a higher position

Accepted Answer

A promotion to a higher position is an example of an extrinsic reward because it is an external factor that motivates a person to work harder or perform better. It is typically something tangible or measurable, such as a higher salary, better benefits, or a more prestigious job title. Options A, B, and C are all examples of intrinsic rewards, which come from within and are not dependent on external factors. They include personal satisfaction, a sense of purpose, and the joy of learning.

Question 9

McClelland stated in his theory that:
A) people are motivated by their highest unsatisfied need.
B) people can only be motivated by one need at a time.
C) needs are learned, not innate.
D) rewards are tangible, not intangible.

Accepted Answer

McClelland's theory of needs suggests that needs are learned through culture and life experiences, rather than being innate.

Question 10

Leon, the production manager at a furniture manufacturing company, decides to underperform at work by not meeting his monthly targets. This is because he feels that no matter how well he performs, his incentives are only half of what the marketing manager receives. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario illustrate?
A) Expectancy theory
B) Equity theory
C) Alderfer's ERG Theory
D) McClelland's Learned Needs Theory

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates the equity theory of motivation, which suggests that employees compare their own inputs (effort, performance) and outputs (rewards, pay) to those of others in similar positions. If they perceive an unfairness or imbalance in this comparison, they may lower their own performance or seek to redress the imbalance to restore equity. In this case, Leon feels that his inputs are not being properly rewarded compared to those of the marketing manager, leading to a perceived inequity and decreased motivation to perform.

Question 11

In the context of motivation, identify a difference between lower-order needs and higher-order needs.
A) Lower-order needs are concerned with belongingness, relatedness, and affiliation, whereas higher-order needs are concerned with safety.
B) Unlike higher-order needs, lower-order needs are concerned with influence.
C) Lower-order needs are concerned with physiological and existence requirements, whereas higher-order needs are concerned with esteem, self-actualization, and growth.
D) Unlike higher-order needs, lower-order needs are concerned with challenges and accomplishments.

Accepted Answer

Lower-order needs are centered around basic survival necessities such as food, water, shelter, and safety. In contrast, higher-order needs are focused on growth and self-actualization, such as the need for esteem, achievement, and personal development. This differentiation provides a hierarchy of needs, where lower-order needs must be fulfilled before an individual can focus on fulfilling their higher-order needs. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 12

_____ says that people will be motivated at work when they perceive that they are being treated fairly.
A) Contingency theory
B) Goal-setting theory
C) Equity theory
D) Reinforcement theory

Accepted Answer

Equity theory proposes that people are motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly in comparison to others. This theory suggests that individuals are constantly comparing their inputs (effort, skills, experience) and outcomes (financial rewards, recognition) to those of others, and if they perceive inequity, they may experience demotivation or try to restore equity through various means.

Question 13

Miguel is a fashion designer at an apparel company. Despite his seniority in the company, his salary is lower than that of the entry-level fashion designers in the company. As a result, Miguel is looking for another job. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario best illustrate?
A) Expectancy theory
B) Alderfer's ERG Theory
C) Equity theory
D) McClelland's Learned Needs Theory

Accepted Answer

This scenario best illustrates equity theory, which suggests that individuals compare their inputs (such as effort and experience) and outcomes (such as salary and recognition) with those of others in similar positions to determine if they are being treated fairly. In this case, Miguel perceives a lack of fairness as his salary is lower than entry-level fashion designers. As a result, he is motivated to seek employment elsewhere where he is paid according to his position and experience.

Question 14

Which of the following exemplifies an intrinsic reward?
A) Richard enjoys his job and sees it as a chance to learn something new.
B) Samantha receives a cash reward for good job performance.
C) Dorothy gets promoted at work.
D) Rani receives an annual bonus.

Accepted Answer

An intrinsic reward is an internal or psychological reward that comes from the individual's enjoyment or satisfaction from the task itself. In this case, Richard enjoys his job and finds it personally rewarding, which is an example of an intrinsic reward. The other choices involve external rewards such as cash, promotion, and bonus, which are extrinsic rewards.

Question 15

Nathan, a civil engineer in a construction company, is one of the best performers in the organization. He is assigned challenging projects by his manager. He delegates low-risk tasks in projects and takes up the high-risk ones. In the context of McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Nathan is most likely motivated by the need for _____.
A) affiliation
B) relatedness
C) power
D) achievement

Accepted Answer

Nathan's inclination towards taking up challenging tasks indicates a need for achievement, according to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory. This need for achievement is characterized by a desire to accomplish tasks excellently and to take calculated risks to achieve goals. Nathan's tendency to delegate low-risk tasks to team members suggests that he is not motivated by a need for power but rather by a need to achieve success through his own efforts. Nathan's behavior does not indicate a strong need for affiliation or relatedness.

Question 16

As the chief innovation officer of a textile firm, Leroy has the ability to motivate employees to work toward organizational goals. He has an entrepreneurial outlook and an adventurous personality. He also has extensive knowledge of the company's products and target audience. In the context of McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Leroy is most likely motivated by the need for _____.
A) power
B) achievement
C) affiliation
D) relatedness

Accepted Answer

The answer of As the chief innovation officer of a...

Question 17

According to Maslow, which of the following is on the top of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Self-actualization needs
B) Physiological needs
C) Self-esteem needs
D) Safety needs

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization needs are on the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This includes the need for personal growth, fulfilling one's potential, and finding meaning and purpose in life.

Question 18

Which of the following is a difference between extrinsic rewards and intrinsic rewards?
A) Examples of extrinsic rewards include a sense of accomplishment and a sense of responsibility, whereas examples of intrinsic rewards include pay and promotions.
B) Extrinsic rewards are not visible to others in a company, whereas intrinsic rewards are visible to everyone working in a company.
C) Unlike intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards are offered to employees by the management for doing something well.
D) Unlike intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards are intangible.

Accepted Answer

The key difference between extrinsic rewards and intrinsic rewards is that extrinsic rewards are offered to employees by management for doing something well, while intrinsic rewards come from within the individual and are not dependent on external factors or recognition. Examples of intrinsic rewards include a sense of fulfillment, personal growth, and enjoyment in the task itself, while examples of extrinsic rewards include pay raises, bonuses, and recognition from management or peers. Options A, B, and D do not accurately describe the difference between the two types of rewards.

Question 19

Victor, a software engineer, accepted a project for developing an easy-buy application for cell phones. The project had a stringent deadline that other engineers deemed impossible to complete. With proper planning and motivation, Victor was able to develop the application on time. Victor's accomplishment was rewarded with a pay increment. In this scenario, Victor was awarded a(n) _____ for his efforts.
A) intrinsic reward
B) extrinsic reward
C) intangible reward
D) natural reward

Accepted Answer

Victor was rewarded with a pay increment, which is a form of extrinsic reward, given by an external source as compensation for achieving a specific goal or task.

Question 20

Although Marvin, a sales manager, did not perform well as a human resource manager, he performs exceptionally well in his current supervisory role. His subordinates complete their tasks despite complaining about his constant supervision and inflexible nature. Marvin's team has been meeting quarterly targets ever since he became the supervisor. In the context of McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Marvin is most likely motivated by the need for _____.
A) affiliation
B) existence
C) power
D) relatedness

Accepted Answer

According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, people are motivated by three needs - the need for achievement, affiliation, and power. The need for power pertains to a person's desire to control and influence others, and to be seen as powerful and capable of influencing people and events. Marvin's constant supervision and inflexible nature suggest that he wants to control his subordinates and their work, which indicates that he is motivated by the need for power. Additionally, his success as a supervisor and his team meeting their quarterly targets also indicate that he is capable of influencing people and events. Therefore, the best choice in this context is C) power.

Quiz 13: Motivation

Edna, a fashion photographer at a media company, feels demotivated at work because her colleague, Barry, a forensic photographer, gets paid more than her even though he has fewer responsibilities than her. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario best illustrate?

Siddiqi has been a team leader in a company for five years. He was promoted to a managerial role after taking his leadership qualities and his ability to inspire his teammates into consideration. According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Siddiqi was motivated by the _____.

Edwin has been working as a commissioning editor in a publishing firm for the past two years. To reward him for his excellent performance, the company promotes him to the position of head editor. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.

Peggy loves her new job as a media planner mainly because she feels that her superiors are fair to her despite her being a new employee. She feels that she is treated at par with other employees of the firm. Which of the following theories of motivation does this scenario illustrate?

Lori is considered one of the most successful lawyers in Sambatton, a law firm. She likes working on challenging cases and prefers working independently. In the context of McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, Lori is most likely motivated by the need for _____.

Jude, a salesman, received a bonus of $1,000 from his employer for meeting his quarterly sales target. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.

Which of the following is an example of an extrinsic reward?

McClelland stated in his theory that:

In the context of motivation, identify a difference between lower-order needs and higher-order needs.

_____ says that people will be motivated at work when they perceive that they are being treated fairly.

Which of the following exemplifies an intrinsic reward?

According to Maslow, which of the following is on the top of the hierarchy of needs?

Which of the following is a difference between extrinsic rewards and intrinsic rewards?