Question 1

If a 50-year flood occurs on the Mississippi River this year,what is the probability that a flood of the same magnitude will occur in the following year?
A)zero
B)1%
C)2%
D)50%

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a 50-year flood occurs on the...

Question 2

If a dam is built on a river,what effects might be felt downstream?
A)increase in the fish population
B)decrease in sediment supply
C)increase in the sediment load
D)increase in flood potential

Accepted Answer

A dam typically traps sediment, reducing the sediment supply downstream.

Question 3

Building dams on rivers traps sediment behind the dams-sediments that would normally have traveled all the way down the river and out into the ocean.How might this sediment starvation affect the coastal beaches?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Building dams on rivers traps sediment behind...

Question 4

________ release extra sediment to rivers,while ________ cause(s)a decrease in the sediment supply downriver.
A)Dams;urbanization
B)Farms;urbanization
C)Dams;farms
D)Farms;dams

Accepted Answer

Farms release extra sediment to rivers due to soil erosion, while dams trap sediment, causing a decrease in sediment supply downriver.

Question 5

Name and describe two methods to mitigate flood hazards.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name and describe two methods to mitigate...

Question 6

Urbanization causes an increase in the volume of water entering a stream due to the abundance of ________ surfaces in cities and towns.
A)permeable
B)impermeable
C)pourous
D)potable

Accepted Answer

Urbanization results in the creation of impermeable surfaces like concrete and asphalt that do not allow water to seep through, leading to a higher volume of water entering streams.

Question 7

You are a geologist trying to determine the discharge of a River.The stream is semi-circular in shape with a width of 10 meters.You measure the velocity of the river to be 0.2 m/s.What is the discharge of the river? Make sure to show your work for full credit.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are a geologist trying to determine...

Question 8

________ provide hydroelectric power;however,they also form barriers for migrating fish.
A)Dams
B)Levees
C)Floodways
D)Floodplains

Accepted Answer

Dams provide hydroelectric power by using the flow of water to generate electricity, but they can also obstruct the natural migration routes of fish, impacting their life cycles.

Question 9

What is a stream? How is it similar/different from a river or a creek?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a stream? How is it...

Question 10

Dead zones occur due to a lack of ________ in the oceans.
A)sediments
B)phosphorus
C)oxygen
D)nitrogen

Accepted Answer

Dead zones occur due to a lack of oxygen in the oceans, which is caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities such as agriculture and wastewater treatment. This leads to overgrowth of algae and other microorganisms, which consume the oxygen in the water and create areas where marine life cannot survive. Sediments and nitrogen may contribute to dead zones, but the primary cause is a lack of oxygen. Phosphorus is also a nutrient that can contribute to dead zones, but it is not the only nutrient involved and is not the primary cause.

Question 11

Dead zones are areas along the coasts where rivers spill excess nutrients into the oceans.Microorganisms feed on these nutrients,which in turn causes them to use up all the ________ in the water and kill larger organisms like fish.
A)sediments
B)phosphorus
C)oxygen
D)nitrogen

Accepted Answer

The excess nutrients from rivers cause an increase in the amount of microorganisms in the water, which leads to the use up of oxygen. This results in a dead zone where larger organisms cannot survive. Sediments and nitrogen do not directly cause dead zones, while phosphorus can contribute to the excess nutrients but does not directly lead to the lack of oxygen.

Question 12

What is the effect on a river that runs through farmland?
A)Sediment load will increase.
B)Sediment load will decrease.
C)The farm will dry out the river.
D)The farm will add water to the river.

Accepted Answer

Farmland typically has a higher potential for erosion due to the removal of vegetation and the use of plowing and tilling methods. This can lead to an increase in sediment load in the river as soil is washed or carried by runoff into the waterway.

Question 13

If a large airport,complete with paved runways,parking lots,and many new structures,is built next to a river,what might the effect be?
A)a decrease in the fish population
B)diminished nutrient supply for fish
C)an increase in the likelihood of flooding
D)Overuse of water will dry out the river.

Accepted Answer

The large airport and its structures will likely cause an increase in impervious surfaces, which will reduce infiltration and increase surface runoff. This could lead to an increase in flood frequency and severity, especially if the airport is located in a floodplain.

Question 14

What will happen to a stream if the local base level is increased,for instance,by adding a dam to the river?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What will happen to a stream if...

Question 15

Why are artificial levees only useful for some flooding events?
A)Levees cannot be built larger than the surrounding floodplain.
B)Flash floods occur too quickly for officials to close the levees.
C)Levees are built in rural areas and will not help for flooding in the city.
D)Large floods can create high pressures and undermine the levee.

Accepted Answer

Large floods can create high pressures that put stress on artificial levees, which can cause them to fail. This limitation means that levees are only useful for some flooding events and may not be effective in protecting against extremely large floods.

Quiz 14: Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

If a 50-year flood occurs on the Mississippi River this year,what is the probability that a flood of the same magnitude will occur in the following year?

If a dam is built on a river,what effects might be felt downstream?

Building dams on rivers traps sediment behind the dams-sediments that would normally have traveled all the way down the river and out into the ocean.How might this sediment starvation affect the coastal beaches?

release extra sediment to rivers,while cause(s) a decrease in the sediment supply downriver.

Name and describe two methods to mitigate flood hazards.

Urbanization causes an increase in the volume of water entering a stream due to the abundance of ________ surfaces in cities and towns.

You are a geologist trying to determine the discharge of a River.The stream is semi-circular in shape with a width of 10 meters.You measure the velocity of the river to be 0.2 m/s.What is the discharge of the river? Make sure to show your work for full credit.

________ provide hydroelectric power;however,they also form barriers for migrating fish.

What is a stream? How is it similar/different from a river or a creek?

Dead zones occur due to a lack of ________ in the oceans.

Dead zones are areas along the coasts where rivers spill excess nutrients into the oceans.Microorganisms feed on these nutrients,which in turn causes them to use up all the ________ in the water and kill larger organisms like fish.

What is the effect on a river that runs through farmland?

If a large airport,complete with paved runways,parking lots,and many new structures,is built next to a river,what might the effect be?

What will happen to a stream if the local base level is increased,for instance,by adding a dam to the river?

Why are artificial levees only useful for some flooding events?

Quiz 14: Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

If a 50-year flood occurs on the Mississippi River this year,what is the probability that a flood of the same magnitude will occur in the following year?

If a dam is built on a river,what effects might be felt downstream?

Building dams on rivers traps sediment behind the dams-sediments that would normally have traveled all the way down the river and out into the ocean.How might this sediment starvation affect the coastal beaches?

________ release extra sediment to rivers,while ________ cause(s) a decrease in the sediment supply downriver.

Name and describe two methods to mitigate flood hazards.

Urbanization causes an increase in the volume of water entering a stream due to the abundance of ________ surfaces in cities and towns.

You are a geologist trying to determine the discharge of a River.The stream is semi-circular in shape with a width of 10 meters.You measure the velocity of the river to be 0.2 m/s.What is the discharge of the river? Make sure to show your work for full credit.

________ provide hydroelectric power;however,they also form barriers for migrating fish.

What is a stream? How is it similar/different from a river or a creek?

Dead zones occur due to a lack of ________ in the oceans.

Dead zones are areas along the coasts where rivers spill excess nutrients into the oceans.Microorganisms feed on these nutrients,which in turn causes them to use up all the ________ in the water and kill larger organisms like fish.

What is the effect on a river that runs through farmland?

If a large airport,complete with paved runways,parking lots,and many new structures,is built next to a river,what might the effect be?

What will happen to a stream if the local base level is increased,for instance,by adding a dam to the river?

Why are artificial levees only useful for some flooding events?

release extra sediment to rivers,while cause(s) a decrease in the sediment supply downriver.