Question 1

All of the following are reasons psychological scientists publish their research EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Getting money from journals is not a common reason for publishing research in psychology. The other options are common reasons for publishing research.

Question 2

Translational research is best thought of as ________ basic research and applied research.

Accepted Answer

Translational research is often described as a bridge between basic research (which focuses on understanding fundamental processes and mechanisms) and applied research (which focuses on developing practical solutions to specific problems). It aims to translate scientific discoveries into clinical applications, interventions, and products that improve health outcomes.

Question 3

Salma conducts a study and finds that her data do not completely support her theory.Which of the following statements should she avoid saying?

Accepted Answer

Salma should avoid saying "My data disproves my theory" because data not completely supporting a theory does not necessarily disprove it; it may indicate the need for further investigation or refinement.

Question 4

Journals and magazines are similar in all the following ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Journals typically publish peer-reviewed articles, which are evaluated by experts in the field before publication, whereas magazines generally do not.

Question 5

Dr.Gonzalez is a peer reviewer for a manuscript submitted to a journal.He is likely to provide comments on all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Peer reviewers are expected to evaluate manuscripts objectively based on the quality of the research, how well it was conducted, and the importance of the results. The prestige or reputation of the author should not be a factor in the review process.

Question 6

Which of the following is the reason that scientific journals use peer review?

Accepted Answer

Scientific journals use peer review to ensure that the studies published are of the highest quality by having experts in the field assess the research before it is accepted for publication. This helps ensure the accuracy and validity of the research findings before they are shared with the wider scientific community. Options A, B, and C are not accurate reasons for the use of peer review.

Question 7

According to the text,the bridge between basic and applied research is known as:

Accepted Answer

The bridge between basic and applied research is known as translational research. It aims at translating the findings and knowledge derived from basic research into practical applications that can solve real-world problems. Empirical research refers to research that uses data and observations to test hypotheses or theories. Practical research focuses on solving specific problems or improving existing practices. Compound research is not a term commonly used in research methodology.

Question 8

Articles that could be considered journalism:

Accepted Answer

Articles that could be considered journalism are typically written in a way that is accessible to a general audience, which means they do not require specialized education to read.

Question 9

Your friend Gaby loves reading articles about psychology studies in her monthly women's magazine.Which of the following would you tell her?

Accepted Answer

While women's magazines may present interesting topics and studies, they are not always accurate or based on reliable research. It is important for Gaby to be cautious and critical of the information she reads in these magazines and to always seek out peer-reviewed journals to get a more accurate and reliable understanding of the findings.

Question 10

Nadia submits her article to a scientific journal for publication.Who makes the final decision on whether an article is published in that scientific journal?

Accepted Answer

The editor of the journal ultimately has the final decision on whether an article is published or not. While the author (Nadia) may have some input and control over the content of the article, it is ultimately up to the editor to decide if the article is appropriate for publication in the journal. A panel of experts may be involved in the peer-review process, but the final decision rests with the editor. The publisher may have some involvement in the decision-making process, but it is typically the editor who has the final say on publication.

Question 11

The quality of journalists' coverage of a science story will be determined by two factors:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The quality of journalists' coverage of a...

Question 12

Research that is done specifically to add to our general understanding of psychology,like distinguishing the components of extraversion or predicting the time it takes a person to determine whether an object is a face or another object,is known as:

Accepted Answer

Basic research is focused on adding to our general understanding of a field, in this case psychology, through studies and experiments. It is not necessarily aimed at solving a specific practical problem, but rather expanding our theoretical knowledge. Distinguishing the components of extraversion or predicting the time it takes to determine whether an object is a face or another object are examples of basic research questions.

Question 13

All of the following are reasons that a journalist may misrepresent a psychology study in a magazine EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

This is not a valid reason and is highly unlikely to be a common occurrence. Journalists are expected to adhere to ethical standards in their reporting. It is more likely that misrepresentations occur due to time constraints, oversimplification, or lack of scientific background.

Question 14

Research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem,like increasing memory ability or decreasing symptoms of depression,is known as:

Accepted Answer

Applied research is conducted specifically to address practical problems or issues, with the goal of finding solutions that can be applied in real-world settings. This differs from basic research, which seeks to expand fundamental knowledge and understanding without necessarily having a specific practical application in mind. Empirical research refers to research methods that involve collecting and analyzing data, which can be used in both basic and applied research. Translational research refers to a type of research that focuses on bridging the gap between basic scientific discoveries and practical applications in healthcare and other fields. While applied research may involve elements of translational research, it is not synonymous with this specific type of research.

Question 15

Vinai learns that people with schizophrenia have a problem labeling their emotions.Using this information,he designs a research study to examine whether teaching patients with schizophrenia to label the emotions of people they see in movie clips helps them to better label their own emotions.Vinai hopes that the findings of this research could then be used to create an intervention used in the treatment of schizophrenia.Vinai's study is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Vinai's study is an example of translational research, which aims to use knowledge gained from basic research to develop practical applications and interventions for real-world problems. Vinai is applying knowledge about schizophrenia (gained through basic research) to design an intervention to alleviate symptoms of the disorder.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of applied research?

Accepted Answer

The other options involve using research to solve practical problems in real-world settings (industrial-organizational psychology, art therapy for ADHD, sports performance), while D is simply exploring a cognitive phenomenon without immediate practical application.

Question 17

Dr.Stewart is an editor of a psychology journal.She wants to ensure that reviewers give honest reviews of the papers they are asked to read.Which of the following could she do to increase the likelihood of honest feedback?

Accepted Answer

Keeping the identity of peer reviewers unknown can increase the likelihood of honest feedback because reviewers may feel more comfortable giving critical comments without fear of retribution or personal bias influencing their feedback. Increasing the number of peer reviewers or using reviewers from other fields may not necessarily lead to more honest feedback, as they may still feel pressure to provide positive comments. Giving reviewers more time to read papers may help with the quality of their feedback, but it does not necessarily increase their honesty.

Question 18

Which aspect of the peer-review cycle allows for the greatest amount of honesty in reviews?

Accepted Answer

The anonymity of the peer reviewers allows for the greatest amount of honesty in reviews, as reviewers can provide candid feedback without fear of retribution or repercussions. This promotes objective and constructive criticism, ultimately leading to better-quality scientific publications.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of the difference between basic and applied research?

Accepted Answer

The main difference between basic and applied research is their goals. Basic research is conducted to advance scientific knowledge, while applied research is conducted to solve practical problems or improve existing technology.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of basic research?

Accepted Answer

Basic research refers to scientific study that aims to increase knowledge and understanding of a topic without necessarily providing any immediate practical benefits or applications. An experimental psychologist who examines people's ability to perceive a "sweet" taste is an example of basic research as it seeks to understand a specific phenomenon without being immediately concerned with practical applications.

Quiz 1: Psychology Is a Way of Thinking