Question 1

Which of the following is a "push" factor that influences an individual's decision to cross an international border?

Accepted Answer

Political instability refers to conditions of unrest or uncertainty within a country, which can be a push factor for individuals to flee and seek safety or stability in another country. The other choices are not push factors related to crossing international borders.

Question 2

President ____________ coined the term "military-industrial complex."

Accepted Answer

Dwight D. Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States, coined the term "military-industrial complex" in his farewell address to the nation on January 17, 1961. He warned against the growing influence of the military-industrial complex, referring to the relationship between the military establishment and the defense industry that could lead to excessive spending and the creation of a permanent war economy.

Question 3

The Cold War ended when communist regimes in Eastern Europe collapsed in

Accepted Answer

The communist regimes in Eastern Europe collapsed in 1989, which led to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany. This event marked the end of the Cold War, which had been characterized by political and military tensions between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. The collapse of the communist regimes was the result of a combination of factors, including economic problems, political reforms, and popular protests against authoritarian rule.

Question 4

Taxes on imports used to raise government revenue and to protect infant industries are

Accepted Answer

Tariffs are taxes imposed on goods coming into a country, usually for the purpose of protection of infant industries and to raise revenue for the government. Import taxes and embargo taxes are not commonly used terms, and there is no specific tax called industry tax. Revenue taxes, on the other hand, refer to taxes imposed on income or sales, and not specifically on imports.

Question 5

Containment was a policy designed to develop the U.S.economy through high tariffs and other barriers to free trade.

Accepted Answer

Containment was actually a policy developed to contain the spread of communism, particularly in Europe, during the Cold War. It involved providing military and economic support to countries threatened by Soviet influence.

Question 6

The ______________ was a confrontation over the deployment of ballistic missiles in Cuba,which almost led to war between the U.S.and the Soviet Union in the 1960s.

Accepted Answer

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a tense standoff between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in 1962, which arose over the placement of Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba. The crisis lasted for 13 days and was ultimately resolved through a negotiated settlement, which involved the removal of the missiles from Cuba in return for a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba and the removal of U.S. missiles from Turkey.

Question 7

Congress's role in foreign policy making includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Congress has the power to declare war, which is a significant aspect of its role in foreign policy making. The President, as Commander in Chief, commands the armed forces, signs treaties (with Senate approval), and appoints ambassadors (also with Senate approval), but Congress does not directly command the armed forces, sign treaties, appoint ambassadors, or appoint judges to international tribunals.

Question 8

The first international organization created to keep the peace after World War I was the

Accepted Answer

The League of Nations was created in 1920 as the first international organization with the specific purpose of maintaining world peace and preventing future international conflicts. It was established after World War I as a result of the Treaty of Versailles and was replaced by the United Nations in 1945. The World Peace Foundation and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace were both established before World War I, but their focus was on promoting and advancing peace through research, education, and advocacy, rather than international diplomacy and conflict resolution. The Nations of Peace is not a known international organization.

Question 9

The Central Intelligence Agency is responsible for advising the president on foreign and military affairs.

Accepted Answer

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) primarily focuses on gathering intelligence overseas and conducting covert operations. It is the National Security Council that advises the president on foreign and military affairs.

Question 10

At the urging of George Washington,the United States immediately asserted its foreign policy powers.

Accepted Answer

George Washington actually advocated for neutrality in foreign affairs, warning against permanent alliances with foreign nations in his Farewell Address.

Question 11

Who attacked the United States on September 11,2001?

Accepted Answer

Al-Qaeda, a terrorist organization led by Osama bin Laden, orchestrated the attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001. The attacks involved the hijacking of airplanes which were flown into the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Virginia. The attacks resulted in the deaths of nearly 3,000 people.

Question 12

The U.S.often avoided participation in foreign affairs through a foreign policy of

Accepted Answer

Isolationism is the best choice, as it refers to a foreign policy approach where a country avoids involvement in the political and economic affairs of other nations. This was the policy followed by the United States for most of its early history and particularly in the interwar period, when the U.S. kept itself aloof from the turmoil in Europe and Asia.

Question 13

The president appoints ambassadors with the advice and consent of the Senate.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to Article II, Section 2 of the United States Constitution.

Question 14

The National Defense Act of 1916

Accepted Answer

The National Defense Act of 1916 mandated the use of the term National Guard and established it as a reserve component of the Army. The act also authorized the expansion of the Army and the creation of a system of universal military training. However, it did not create the Department of Defense, authorize U.S. involvement in World War I, or establish the Central Intelligence Agency or the National Security Agency, as those entities did not come into existence until many years later.

Question 15

The United States entered World War II after the bombing of Pearl Harbor,Hawaii,in

Accepted Answer

The United States entered World War II after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Therefore, the correct answer is D) 1941. The other years listed are incorrect.

Question 16

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)was founded in 1949 as a regional defense alliance and was the first peacetime military alliance made by the United States.

Accepted Answer

NATO was indeed founded in 1949 as a regional defense alliance and was the first peacetime military alliance made by the United States.

Question 17

All of the following are elements of soft power EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Soft power is the ability of a country to influence others through its culture, ideas, and values. Military strength is not considered an element of soft power because it relies on coercion and force, rather than persuasion and attraction. The other options are all examples of elements of soft power.

Question 18

Communism fell in Eastern Europe in 1979.

Accepted Answer

Communism actually fell in Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s, with significant events such as the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Question 19

President ________ led the U.S.into World War
i.
i.

Accepted Answer

Woodrow Wilson led the U.S. into World War I.

Question 20

The goal of _______________ is to prevent would-be nuclear states from gaining access to the technology they need to make or deliver nuclear weapons.

Accepted Answer

Denial is the most relevant term in preventing states from obtaining the necessary technology for nuclear weapons. It involves denying access to the materials, knowledge, or technology required for nuclear weapons production or delivery. Arms control and disarmament refer to reducing or eliminating existing nuclear arsenals, while negotiation and defense are broader concepts that may not specifically address the prevention of nuclear proliferation.

Quiz 14: Foreign and Defense Policy