Question 1

___________ is the most common position for a patient undergoing cystoscopy.

Accepted Answer

Lithotomy position is the most common position for a patient undergoing cystoscopy as it allows better access to the urogenital region and visualization of the bladder. Supine position may also be used but may not provide as much access or visualization. Prone and Kraske positions are not typically used for cystoscopy procedures.

Question 2

All of the following structures are located in the mediastinum except the:

Accepted Answer

The mediastinum is the cavity between the lungs and it contains many structures including the trachea, heart, and esophagus, but the lungs are not located within the mediastinum.

Question 3

Which of the following is an advantage of robotic surgery?

Accepted Answer

3-D viewing of the surgical field is an advantage of robotic surgery as it provides enhanced visualization and depth perception for the surgeon, allowing for greater precision and accuracy during the procedure. A is incorrect as 2-D viewing is not as advantageous as 3-D viewing. C is incorrect as monocular optics do not provide the same level of depth perception as 3-D viewing. D is incorrect as robotic surgery actually allows for increased dexterity compared to traditional surgery.

Question 4

Excess carbon dioxide in the body is known as:

Accepted Answer

Hypercarbia is the medical term for excessive carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypoxia refers to a lack of oxygen in the body, hypocarbia indicates low levels of carbon dioxide, and hypoxemia is a condition where there is low oxygen levels in the blood.

Question 5

The most common gas used to create a pneumoperitoneum is:

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide is the most common gas used to create a pneumoperitoneum during minimally invasive surgical procedures. It is preferred over other gases like helium or nitrogen because it is readily available, non-flammable, and non-toxic. Carbon monoxide and oxygen are not used because they are either poisonous or too combustible.

Question 6

Your patient is scheduled for a laryngoscopy.The surgeon will be looking inside the patient's ___________.

Accepted Answer

A laryngoscopy is a procedure in which the surgeon looks inside the patient's throat to examine the larynx (voice box), vocal cords, and surrounding areas. Therefore, the correct choice is B - throat.

Question 7

Thoracoscopy can be performed for all of the following reasons except:

Accepted Answer

Thoracoscopy is not typically performed for pneumonectomy, which is a more invasive surgical procedure that involves removal of an entire lung. Thoracoscopy is often used for lung biopsy, wedge resection of the lung, and decortication (removal of the fibrous layer surrounding the lung).

Question 8

A mediastinoscopy can be used to aid in diagnosing:

Accepted Answer

A mediastinoscopy is a surgical procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted through a small incision in the neck to examine the lymph nodes and other structures in the mediastinum (the area between the lungs). It is commonly used to aid in diagnosing Hodgkin's disease, as well as other types of lung cancer or infections.

Question 9

To avoid possible damage,cystoscopes should be handled by the:

Accepted Answer

Handling the cystoscope from the middle of the shaft provides better balance and control while minimizing the risk of damage to the fragile instrument.

Question 10

Fluoroscopy uses __________ to view inside tissues or organs.

Accepted Answer

Fluoroscopy uses X-rays to view inside tissues or organs.

Question 11

Arthroscopy can be used for all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Arthroscopy cannot be used for bone fractures as fractures require open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic and surgical technique used for evaluating and treating joint conditions, such as ligament and tendon damage, and chondroplasty (smoothing out rough cartilage surfaces).

Question 12

Video towers are not sterile; therefore,you need to make sure that they are positioned at least ___________ inches from the sterile drapes.

Accepted Answer

Video towers are not sterile equipment and can pose a risk of infection to the patient if located too close to sterile drapes. Therefore, it is recommended to position them at least 12 to 18 inches away from the sterile field. Option A (6 to 10 inches) may not provide enough distance to maintain sterility, and options C (28 to 26 inches) and D (32 to 40 inches) are too far away and may hinder visualization or access to the video tower.

Question 13

The acronym VATS means:

Accepted Answer

The correct acronym for VATS is video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. This surgical technique involves using a tiny camera and specialized instruments inserted through small incisions in the chest to perform a variety of thoracic surgeries, including lung biopsies, lobectomies, and mediastinal tumor removals.

Question 14

The viewing system for robotic surgery includes which components?

Accepted Answer

The viewing system for robotic surgery typically consists of a touch screen, an endoscope, and a camera. The touch screen is used by the surgeon to control the robotic arms, while the endoscope and camera provide high-definition, 3D views of the surgical site. Graspers may be used as an additional instrument that can be controlled by the surgeon. However, it is not part of the viewing system. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

Question 15

Rhinoscopy refers to viewing inside the:

Accepted Answer

Rhinoscopy is a medical procedure that involves inserting a small scope into the nose to examine the nasal cavity, sinuses, and other structures in the area. Therefore, the correct answer is B (nose).

Question 16

The needle used to insert gas into the abdomen is known as a __________ needle.

Accepted Answer

The needle used to insert gas into the abdomen is called a Veress needle. This needle is used in laparoscopic procedures to create a space between the abdominal wall and the organs to be examined or operated on. The Veress needle is inserted through a small incision in the abdominal wall and used to inject gas (usually carbon dioxide) into the abdominal cavity to create the working space.

Question 17

Gastroscopy refers to viewing inside the:

Accepted Answer

Gastroscopy is a procedure that involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera (gastroscope) into the stomach through the mouth to view the lining of the stomach and sometimes the upper small intestine. Therefore, the correct choice is D, which stands for stomach.

Question 18

The patient is undergoing a TURBT that will involve electrocautery of bladder tumors.Which irrigation fluid would you anticipate using?

Accepted Answer

The best choice would be glycine as it provides better visualization of the surgical field, helps with electrical conductivity, and reduces bleeding during electrocautery. However, it is important to note that glycine should not be used in patients with impaired liver or renal function as it may lead to glycine toxicity.

Question 19

Which of the following is false concerning a ureteroscope?

Accepted Answer

The shaft of a ureteroscope is longer and thinner than a cystoscope, not shorter and thinner.

Question 20

If the monitor video screen is dark,what should you check first?

Accepted Answer

If the monitor video screen is dark, the first thing to check is that it is plugged in and turned on. If it is not, then it will not display anything. Checking the other options, such as fuses or power box overloading, would typically only come into play if the monitor is not receiving power at all. Checking if it is connected to the printer would not affect the brightness of the video screen.

Quiz 6: Endoscopic and Robotic Equipment