Question 1

When Rachel left for college,she promised her parents that she would not use any drugs.At a party someone passed her some pot,which she decided to try.If her superego is operating,this behavior will cause Rachel to feel:
A) pleasure
B) guilt
C) sadness
D) anger

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory, the superego is the part of the personality that represents internalized morals and values. Its function is to regulate behavior through guilt and shame. Therefore, if Rachel's superego is operating, she would feel guilty for breaking her promise to her parents and using drugs.

Question 2

What do we call the unpleasant state that involves conflicts arising between the needs of the id and the restrictions of the superego?
A) depression
B) anxiety
C) displacement
D) reaction formation

Accepted Answer

The unpleasant state that arises due to conflicts between the needs of the id (unconscious, instinctual desires) and the restrictions of the superego (moral and societal values) is called anxiety. This conflict can cause a person to feel excessive worry, unease, and fear.

Question 3

How does the superego develop?
A) through interactions with parents or caregivers
B) it is innate
C) it develops when the ego realizes that it must be regulated
D) it comes forth from the id

Accepted Answer

The superego develops through interactions with parents or caregivers, who impart societal and moral values onto the child. The child internalizes these values and forms their own conscience, leading to the development of the superego.

Question 4

Id is to ego as:
A) self is to other
B) trend is to desire
C) need is to drive
D) pleasure is to reality

Accepted Answer

In Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the id is the part of the psyche that seeks immediate gratification and pleasure, while the ego mediates between the desires of the id and the demands of reality. Thus, "pleasure is to reality" mirrors this relationship.

Question 5

The ego operates on the ____ principle.
A) desire
B) pleasure
C) reality
D) repression

Accepted Answer

The ego operates on the reality principle, meaning it mediates between the unrealistic demands of the id and the constraints of reality. It seeks to satisfy the id's desires in a way that is realistic and socially acceptable. The other options (desire, pleasure, repression) do not accurately describe the primary function of the ego.

Question 6

If a defense mechanism is successful:
A) the id becomes stronger
B) unconscious motivation is increased
C) latency is increased
D) anxiety is reduced

Accepted Answer

Successful defense mechanisms reduce anxiety, which is their primary function. The other options are incorrect as defense mechanisms are meant to reduce the power of the id and unconscious motivation, and they do not have any effect on latency.

Question 7

Defense mechanisms are Freudian processes designed to reduce:
A) the latent content of dreams
B) the ego
C) anxiety
D) self-actualization

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that people use unconsciously to reduce anxiety. These strategies protect the ego from perceived threats or unacceptable impulses.

Question 8

Freud defined the superego as:
A) the person we would be if we could act out all the id's desires
B) the self that is formed when we act instinctually
C) the part of the mind containing moral standards
D) the part of the mind that allows us to manipulate social situations to our own ends

Accepted Answer

Freud defined the superego as the part of the mind that contains moral standards and helps regulate our behavior according to socially acceptable norms. It develops as a result of internalizing societal and parental values.

Question 9

According to Freud,could a person function without conflict or anxiety?
A) yes-when id, ego, and superego have the same goals
B) yes-if the superego maintains supreme control over the id and ego
C) yes-if the ego maintains supreme control over the id and superego
D) no-it's impossible

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Freud,could a person function without...

Question 10

Which defense mechanism involves making up excuses for behaviors that cause us to feel anxiety?
A) denial
B) reaction formation
C) rationalization
D) repression

Accepted Answer

Rationalization involves the use of excuses or justifications to explain away behavior that may be causing anxiety or discomfort.

Question 11

Freud assumed that the ____ was totally unconscious,and that the largest part of the ____ was conscious.
A) ego; superego
B) ego; id
C) id; ego
D) superego; id

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's model of the psyche, the id, which operates on the pleasure principle and contains our primitive desires and impulsions, is considered to be totally unconscious. The ego, which operates on the reality principle and mediates between the id and the external world, is mostly conscious. The superego, which represents our internalized moral standards and ideals, also functions on a mostly unconscious level. Therefore, the correct answer is C, with the id being totally unconscious and the ego being largely conscious.

Question 12

Kevin and Michael were in a stereo store.Both saw a compact disc that they wanted badly but did not have the money to purchase.Kevin decided to shoplift it,while Michael figured out that if he did some extra chores at home he could save up enough money for it in two weeks.Freud would say that Kevin is being governed by his ____ and Michael by his ____.
A) superego; id
B) superego; ego
C) ego; id
D) id; ego

Accepted Answer

Freud would say that Kevin is being governed by his id, which operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification, while Michael is being governed by his ego, which operates on the reality principle and seeks rational ways to satisfy desires.

Question 13

As Tad works on his income tax form,he makes the decision to not report some income.He says,"Well,everybody cheats on their income tax and I need the money more than the government." Tad has just experienced:
A) denial
B) reaction formation
C) sublimation
D) rationalization

Accepted Answer

Tad is engaging in rationalization, as he is justifying or providing excuses for his decision to not report some income.

Question 14

Freud believed that an unconscious conflict is waged between the:
A) self and outside world
B) repressed memories and current values
C) id and superego
D) id and ego

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the two major components of the human psyche were the id (the unconscious, instinctual part of the self) and the superego (the internalized moral values and ideals). These two parts were thought to be in constant conflict with each other, with the ego (the conscious, rational part of the self) struggling to mediate between them. So, the correct option is C - the id and superego.

Question 15

According to Freud,the human mind develops in which of the following sequences?
A) id, ego, superego
B) superego, ego, id
C) ego, id, superego
D) superego, id, ego

Accepted Answer

According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the human mind develops in the sequence of id, ego, and superego. The id is present from birth, the ego develops during infancy, and the superego emerges around the age of five.

Question 16

According to the reality principle,the purpose of the ego is to:
A) determine what actually happened in a given situation
B) search for socially acceptable outlets for the id's desire
C) impose order on our perceptions
D) help us form workable judgments about other people

Accepted Answer

The reality principle suggests that the ego's role is to find suitable ways to express the impulses of the id, but in a way that is acceptable and appropriate within the norms and values of society. Option A is incorrect because while the ego does strive to accurately interpret and understand external reality, this is not its primary purpose according to the reality principle. Option C is also incorrect because while the ego does organize perceptions, this is not its main function. Finally, option D is not a direct function of the ego according to the reality principle.

Question 17

Unconscious processes that utilize self-deception to reduce anxiety are called:
A) defense mechanisms
B) unconscious motivations
C) reality principles
D) free associations

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are unconscious processes that work to reduce anxiety by distorting or denying reality. Self-deception is often utilized in these mechanisms to protect the individual from uncomfortable or threatening information or feelings.

Question 18

According to Freud,guilty feelings arise from the operation of the:
A) id
B) ego
C) superego
D) alter ego

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the superego is responsible for moral and ethical standards and internalizing societal norms and values. Guilty feelings arise from a disagreement between the superego and the ego, where the superego perceives the ego's actions as violating moral and ethical standards, resulting in feelings of shame and guilt.

Question 19

Anxiety is created by the ego in response to:
A) the manifest content of dreams
B) Freudian slips
C) the collective unconscious
D) id-superego conflict

Accepted Answer

Anxiety is created by the ego in response to the conflict between the id and superego, where the id seeks immediate gratification of instincts and the superego imposes moral and societal rules. This conflict produces anxiety, which can lead to defense mechanisms such as repression or denial.

Question 20

Infants discover restrictions to the pleasure principle and learn to control their wishes through the development of the:
A) superego
B) Oedipus complex
C) collective unconscious
D) ego

Accepted Answer

The development of the ego allows infants to learn to control their wishes and navigate the demands of reality, including societal expectations and restrictions on the pleasure principle. The superego and Oedipus complex are related to the development of morality and gender identity, respectively, and the collective unconscious is a concept in the theory of analytical psychology.

Quiz 19: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

When Rachel left for college,she promised her parents that she would not use any drugs.At a party someone passed her some pot,which she decided to try.If her superego is operating,this behavior will cause Rachel to feel:

What do we call the unpleasant state that involves conflicts arising between the needs of the id and the restrictions of the superego?

How does the superego develop?

Id is to ego as:

The ego operates on the ____ principle.

If a defense mechanism is successful:

Defense mechanisms are Freudian processes designed to reduce:

Freud defined the superego as:

According to Freud,could a person function without conflict or anxiety?

Which defense mechanism involves making up excuses for behaviors that cause us to feel anxiety?

Freud assumed that the was totally unconscious,and that the largest part of the was conscious.

As Tad works on his income tax form,he makes the decision to not report some income.He says,"Well,everybody cheats on their income tax and I need the money more than the government." Tad has just experienced:

Freud believed that an unconscious conflict is waged between the:

According to Freud,the human mind develops in which of the following sequences?

According to the reality principle,the purpose of the ego is to:

Unconscious processes that utilize self-deception to reduce anxiety are called:

According to Freud,guilty feelings arise from the operation of the:

Anxiety is created by the ego in response to:

Infants discover restrictions to the pleasure principle and learn to control their wishes through the development of the: