Question 1

List six functions of children's two-word sentences, and provide an example that illustrates each type of sentence.

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Question 2

Describe the interactionist perspective of language development. Discuss the biological and cognitive contributors to language as well as environmental supports for language development.

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Question 3

Outline two ways in which siblings may help to promote the growth of communication skills.

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Question 4

Identify two potential benefits for English-speaking students enrolled in two-way bilingual education programs.

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Question 5

Explain what is meant by overextension and underextension, and provide examples to illustrate each type of linguistic error.

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Question 6

Contrast a referential style with an expressive style of early language use.

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Question 7

Five grammatical morphemes that children acquire during the preschool period are (1) standard plurals (formed by adding -s); (2) regular past tense (formed by adding -ed); (3) progressive tense (formed by adding -ing); (4) possession (formed by adding -'s); and (5) definite and indefinite articles (use the/an/a). Various research studies suggest these grammatical morphemes tend to emerge in an invariant order. List the five morphemes above in their typical order of emergence.

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Question 8

Describe what is meant by the nativists' idea of a language acquisition device (LAD), and give evidence for and against this idea.

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Question 9

What is LEP, and what are some of the difficulties faced by LEP children?

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Question 10

Outline the typical pattern of acquisition for relational and spatial contrasts.

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Question 11

Describe what morphological knowledge is, and explain how it might allow children to figure out the meaning of novel words.

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Question 12

Outline the basics of the "learning theory" explanation of language development. Summarize its strengths and weaknesses.

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Question 13

Explain what holophrases are and how children use them in early communication.

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Question 14

Explain why initial research on receptive language during the first year of life overestimated infant understanding of words.

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Question 15

Outline the typical developmental progression in children's use of questions in conversation.

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Question 16

Explain what is meant by metalinguistic awareness.

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Question 17

Briefly describe the different approaches to language development suggested by the nature and nurture themes.

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Question 18

List and describe four processing constraints that may guide children's inferences about the meaning of new words.

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Question 19

The child's language environment plays an important role in the process of language acquisition. What kinds of input have been shown to be facilitative? What minimal input is believed to be essential for acquisition?

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Question 20

Explain what syntactical bootstrapping means.

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Quiz 9: Development of Language and Communication Skills