Question 1

Canadian laws concerning pornography must achieve a balance between the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, protecting freedom of speech and free expression, and the need to restrict the distribution of obscene material. What is the nature of the current Supreme Court of Canada position on pornography?

Accepted Answer

The current position of the Supreme Court of Canada is that obscene material may be restricted if it is deemed harmful to society as a whole. The court has held that freedom of expression is not an absolute right, and that limitations on this right are necessary to ensure that the values of a free and democratic society are protected. In the landmark case of R. v. Butler,  the court developed the "harm test" which requires that the harm caused by the expression must outweigh any societal benefit that it might have. Therefore, the distribution of obscene material may be restricted to protect the public from harm.

Question 2

What view do feminists who support sexual equality hold about prostitution?

Accepted Answer

Feminists who support sexual equality believe that prostitution is a prime example of male domination and female subjugation. They argue that prostitution reinforces gender inequalities and perpetuates the objectification and commodification of women. They also oppose the idea that women freely choose to engage in prostitution, arguing that the socio-economic and cultural conditions that lead women into prostitution are rooted in gender inequalities and systemic oppression.

Question 3

What is the name given to the movement launched at the turn of the 20th century to prohibit the sale of alcohol?

Accepted Answer

The temperance movement was launched at the turn of the 20th century to prohibit the sale of alcohol. The "Just say no" movement and DARE movement are more recent campaigns focused on reducing drug use, while the suffragette movement was a movement for women's right to vote.

Question 4

What do statistics show about illegal drug use among Canadians over the past 10 to 15 years?

Accepted Answer

Statistics indicate that illegal drug use among Canadians has been increasing over the past 10 to 15 years, reflecting broader trends in substance use and societal changes.

Question 5

What do the findings of various research studies into the use of pornography indicate is the relationship between violent behaviour and viewing pornography?

Accepted Answer

While some studies have suggested a link between violent behavior and pornography, there is no clear and consistent evidence to support this claim. Many studies have found no significant relationship, and the overall consensus among researchers is that the relationship is complex and not easily explained by a simple cause-and-effect model. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 6

According to a British Columbia study, what is the average age of men frequenting prostitutes?

Accepted Answer

The average age of men frequenting prostitutes, according to a study from British Columbia, is 34 years.

Question 7

Some crimes such as prostitution and drug use are referred to as "victimless crimes." What is the rationale for their inclusion in the Criminal Code?

Accepted Answer

The rationale for including "victimless crimes" such as prostitution and drug use in the Criminal Code is that criminal law is designed to protect the public and represent public opinion on moral issues. While these acts may be consensual between parties involved, they are deemed harmful to society as a whole and therefore criminalized. This justification aligns with the broader societal and political perspective that the state has the right and obligation to regulate private behavior that affects public health and safety.

Question 8

What are people called who seek to control or criminalize deviant behaviours?

Accepted Answer

Moral entrepreneurs are individuals, groups, or organizations that seek to control or criminalize behavior that they see as deviant or harmful. They may do this for moral, religious, or political reasons and are often motivated by a desire to impose their values on society. Moralists may share similar beliefs, but the term "moral entrepreneur" specifically refers to those who actively work to create and enforce laws or social norms around certain behaviors. Power seekers and enthusiasts are not precise terms for this concept.

Question 9

According to a study done in British Columbia, which of the following descriptions best represents the profile of the typical male who uses prostitutes?

Accepted Answer

The study found that the typical male who uses prostitutes in British Columbia is in his mid-30s, white, and a blue-collar worker.

Question 10

Jane is addicted to drugs and engaging in prostitution to escape sexual and physical abuse at home. What category of prostitution does Jane fit into?

Accepted Answer

Jane fits into the category of streetwalkers, as this group often includes individuals who turn to prostitution out of desperation or as a means of survival, which aligns with Jane's situation of using prostitution to escape abuse and support her drug addiction.

Question 11

What is the rationale for why prostitution is not illegal in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The rationale is that criminalizing prostitution would further victimize those involved, as it could push the activity underground, making it more dangerous for sex workers.

Question 12

The police believe they have identified a transition ring. What are the characteristics of the ring they are investigating?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The police believe they have identified a...

Question 13

Which factor distinguishes crimes from immoral acts?

Accepted Answer

The factor that distinguishes crimes from immoral acts is the social harm caused. An immoral act may be considered unethical or against social norms, but it does not necessarily harm society as a whole. In contrast, a crime is a specific act deemed illegal by the government because it poses a threat or harm to society. Age of offender, anomie experienced by offender, and nature of the penalties imposed may be factors that affect the severity of the crime, but they do not distinguish between immoral acts and crimes.

Question 14

A teen who lives in a rundown neighbourhood and who then begins to spend increasing amounts of time with drug users is likely to begin using as well, according to which theorists?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A teen who lives in a rundown...

Question 15

If cannabis possession were decriminalized in Canada, which of the following police responses would take place if someone was found to be in possession of a small amount of this drug?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If cannabis possession were decriminalized in Canada,...

Question 16

Which term is used to refer to the fact that drug use seems to be often accompanied by other behaviours such as promiscuity, school failure, and family conflict?

Accepted Answer

The term used to refer to the fact that drug use seems to be often accompanied by other behaviors such as promiscuity, school failure, and family conflict is Problem Behavior Syndrome. This also includes other problems such as delinquency and aggression, and it suggests that these behaviors are interrelated and tend to occur together. The other answer choices (subcultural disadvantage cluster, delinquency cluster, and risky behavior syndrome) do not fully capture this concept.

Question 17

In the late 1980s, which group of Canadians was granted the right to operate casinos to create jobs and provide income for the community?

Accepted Answer

First Nations people were granted the right to operate casinos in the late 1980s as a way to create jobs and provide income for their communities. This was a result of a legal ruling that recognized their inherent right to self-government and control over their own resources.

Question 18

Tim was charged with solicitation and he pleaded guilty. What alternative to jail time might he be offered?

Accepted Answer

The alternative to jail time that Tim might be offered is John School, a program designed for individuals charged with solicitation. The program focuses on educating participants about the negative impact of prostitution and helps them develop skills to avoid engaging in it in the future. It is a reputable alternative to incarceration and has been successful in reducing recidivism rates. Other options such as SSS and SDSS are not actual programs and Reform Class is too vague to be a reliable alternative.

Question 19

To control the use of the Internet for the purpose of child sex abuse, Bill C-15A received Royal Assent in June 2002. Which activity was made illegal as a result of this?

Accepted Answer

Bill C-15A made it illegal to communicate with a child on the Internet for the purpose of committing a sexual offence against the child.

Question 20

What is the role of lottery commissions in Ontario?

Accepted Answer

The role of lottery commissions in Ontario is to regulate all legitimate lotteries and distribute the income generated to various sectors such as healthcare, education, and community services. This ensures that the lotteries are conducted fairly and in compliance with regulations, and that the revenue generated is put to good use for the benefit of the province and its residents.

Answer: B 
 While designing new lotteries is not the primary role of lottery commissions in Ontario, they do have a responsibility to continuously assess and improve the lottery programs in order to maximize the revenue generated for the province. This may involve researching new types of lottery games or initiatives that could potentially increase participation and revenue. However, this is not the sole responsibility of the commissions and must be done in consultation with other stakeholders such as the government and players.

Quiz 13: Public Order Crimes