Question 1

The one-child policy in China is both praised and condemned around the world.

Accepted Answer

The one-child policy in China is a controversial policy that has both supporters and critics, resulting in praise and condemnation around the world.

Question 2

The number of international adoptions has __________ in recent years.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "has declined in recent years" suggests that the correct choice is between D and E. However, without more context, it is difficult to determine if the decline has been somewhat or sharp. Based on common trends and news reports, it is more likely that the decline in international adoptions has been sharp rather than just a slight decrease, so the best answer is E, declined sharply.

Question 3

Infertility is the inability to get pregnant after one year of trying.

Accepted Answer

This is the commonly accepted definition of infertility by healthcare professionals.

Question 4

With respect to the medicalization of childbirth in the U.S.:

Accepted Answer

As medical technology advanced and became more complex, it was difficult for midwives to apply it in home births. Therefore, birthing moved to hospitals, and by 1900, physicians attending births at hospitals became common. This shift from midwives to physicians in hospitals was motivated by the desire to use medical technology to increase the safety of birth, but it did not necessarily give women more power and control over their childbirth experience.

Question 5

The transition to parenthood:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The transition to parenthood:
...

Question 6

Although most people are not very concerned if a man becomes a father at age 50, attitudes toward a woman becoming a mother at 50 are far more negative.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that society tends to hold women to a different standard when it comes to age and parenthood, and there is often a stigma attached to women who have children later in life. Men, on the other hand, are generally not subject to the same degree of scrutiny or criticism.

Question 7

Population statistics reflect both fertility rates and death rates.

Accepted Answer

Population statistics are influenced by both fertility rates (births) and death rates (deaths).

Question 8

One reason that studies bleakly conclude that the costs of children outweigh the benefits may be because the rewards are more emotional and therefore difficult to measure.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that the benefits of children are often emotional and difficult to quantify, leading to conclusions that the costs outweigh the benefits.

Question 9

Most adults think that children are not very important for a successful marriage.

Accepted Answer

This statement is not true. Many adults believe that children are an important aspect of a successful marriage, as they bring joy, love, and a sense of family unity to the relationship. Moreover, the ability of a couple to work together to raise healthy and happy children can strengthen their bond and deepen their commitment to each other. However, it is important to note that not all couples choose to have children, and there are many other factors that contribute to a successful marriage besides parenthood.

Question 10

Which of the following is true about adoption?

Accepted Answer

Public adoptions occur through licensed public agencies that specialize in placing children in adoptive families. Private adoptions are still legal, but there are concerns about "baby buying" and ethical practices. Open adoptions have become more common in recent years, but closed and semi-open adoptions still occur. While adoption is generally viewed positively, there are still some negative attitudes and beliefs about adoption that are present in college-level family textbooks. There is no data to suggest that most adoptive parents are unmarried, although it is true that many adoptive parents are highly educated and have higher than average incomes.

Question 11

Which country has the least generous maternity and family leave policies?

Accepted Answer

The U.S. has some of the least generous maternity and family leave policies among developed countries. There is no federal paid maternity leave policy, and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) only guarantees unpaid leave for up to 12 weeks. Some states and companies offer paid leave, but it is not a universal policy. In comparison, countries like Spain, Bangladesh, India, and Nigeria all have some form of paid maternity and/or family leave policies in place.

Question 12

Ryan and Jane want to adopt a baby. What information are they likely to encounter?

Accepted Answer

In states where openly gay or lesbian adoption is not allowed, one partner can adopt, and the other can apply as a second parent or co-parent.

Question 13

Japan reasoned that if it can encourage mothers to stay out of the labor force, families might choose to have more births. Consequently it has begun a national campaign to encourage mothers not to work.

Accepted Answer

Japan has been facing a declining birth rate and has been implementing policies to support working mothers, such as improving childcare services and promoting work-life balance, rather than encouraging them to stay out of the labor force.

Question 14

With respect to remaining voluntarily childfree:

Accepted Answer

The answer of With respect to remaining voluntarily childfree:
...

Question 15

According to World Map 9.1, much of Africa and South America have a total fertility rate of 5.0 and over.

Accepted Answer

The total fertility rate in much of Africa is high, but in South America, it is generally lower, often below 3.0.

Question 16

Nearly 20 percent of women between the ages of 40 and 44 do not have children, up from about 10 percent a generation ago.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2016, 19.4 percent of women ages 40 to 44 had not given birth to a child, compared to 9.5 percent in 1976.

Question 17

What does the World Health Organization think about the C-section rate in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The World Health Organization has expressed concern about the high rate of C-sections in the United States, stating that many are medically unnecessary, potentially dangerous, and do not improve infant or maternal mortality statistics. They recommend that countries aim for a C-section rate of 10-15% to balance the benefits and risks.

Question 18

Birthrates in the U.S. have dropped significantly since 2000, and are at an all-time low.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Birthrates in the U.S. have dropped significantly...

Question 19

Alice Rossi suggests why the transition to parenthood can be so challenging. Which is NOT one of her reasons?

Accepted Answer

Alice Rossi's reasons focus on societal pressures, lack of experience, abruptness of the transition, and changes in relationships, not on the surprise of the difference between being a parent and a child.

Question 20

Which is a component of the Family Medical Leave Act?

Accepted Answer

The Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) requires employers with over 50 employees to provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave to employees to care for themselves or their immediate family with specified medical conditions. Option A, B, C, and E are incorrect as they either mention paid leave or have incorrect eligibility requirements.

Quiz 9: Becoming a Parent