Question 1

Which condition is inflammation of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, which can be caused by viruses, alcohol consumption, or drug use. Peritonitis is inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity, pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, and gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining.

Question 2

Which condition is inflammation of the vermiform appendix?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix is specifically known as appendicitis.

Question 3

Which type of cancer is the most lethal, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of cancer is the most...

Question 4

Dilated or inflamed veins in the anal or rectal regions are called:

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhoids are commonly known as piles and refer to swollen or inflamed veins in the anal or rectal regions. They can be internal or external and can cause discomfort, pain, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements. Hernias are protrusions of organs or tissues through weakened muscles or membranes, diverticula are small pockets or bulges that can develop in the walls of the colon or large intestine, and polyps are abnormal growths in tissues or organs.

Question 5

Sensitivity to gluten resulting in diarrhea, fatigue, flatulence, bloating, and dermatitis describes which condition?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are characteristic of celiac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder caused by a sensitivity to gluten. When people with celiac disease eat gluten, it triggers an immune response that damages the villi of the small intestine, leading to diarrhea, fatigue, flatulence, bloating, and skin rash. A gluten-free diet is the only effective treatment for celiac disease.

Question 6

Which condition is inflammation of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the gallbladder is known as cholecystitis. A) Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts, B) gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining, and C) peritonitis refers to inflammation of the lining of the abdomen.

Question 7

Which statement is not true for a client diagnosed with hepatitis?

Accepted Answer

Massage is contraindicated until all symptoms have subsided is not true. While it is important to avoid deep pressure near the liver and be cautious of bruising due to liver impairment, massage can be helpful in managing symptoms such as fatigue, muscle aches, and stress that may accompany hepatitis. However, it is important to obtain clearance from the client's physician before proceeding with massage therapy. Fever and jaundice are both contraindications for massage as they can potentially indicate a worsening of the condition or a spread of the disease.

Question 8

Which cause results in food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Contaminated beverages, such as water or unpasteurized milk, can contain harmful bacteria or toxins that can cause food poisoning when consumed. Hypersensitivity to gluten, autoimmunity, and gastric reflux do not typically result in food poisoning.

Question 9

Massage considerations for a client with jaundice include:

Accepted Answer

Jaundice is a sign of underlying liver dysfunction or disease, which can affect how the body processes and eliminates certain substances. Massage therapy could potentially exacerbate the condition or stress the liver further, making it contraindicated.

Question 10

A client with gallstones most likely feels pain in the:

Accepted Answer

Gallstones can cause pain in the middle back and right shoulder due to the location of the gallbladder and the way pain can radiate from the gallbladder area to other parts of the body, especially after eating a fatty meal.

Question 11

Which condition is cholelithiasis?

Accepted Answer

Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones, which are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. None of the other options accurately describe the condition.

Question 12

Which action is inappropriate when massaging a client who has a colostomy bag?

Accepted Answer

Using the prone position is not recommended when massaging a client with a colostomy bag as pressure on the area can cause discomfort or damage to the bag. Instead, the supine or sidelying positions are recommended.

Answer: C
 It is important to avoid applying lubricant on or near the bag opening, as this can cause the seal to break and lead to leakage.

Answer: D
 If there is bag spillage during the session, it is the responsibility of the massage therapist to assist in cleaning up the spill and ensuring the client's comfort and dignity. Leaving the room is not an appropriate action.

Therefore, the inappropriate choice is A, as recommending avoiding eating before the session is not specific to clients with colostomy bags and may not be necessary for everyone.

Question 13

Which condition is an inflammation of the large intestine that usually begins in the rectum and then spreads proximally?

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis is a condition that causes inflammation of the large intestine, typically starting in the rectum and spreading upwards. Crohn disease also causes inflammation in the digestive tract, but it can occur anywhere from the mouth to the anus. Diverticulosis is a condition where small pouches form in the colon, but it is not necessarily inflammatory. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder where bowel movements may be irregular, but it does not involve inflammation.

Question 14

Massage considerations for a client who has a surgical mesh to repair or prevent a hernia include:

Accepted Answer

Techniques such as friction should be avoided over the site of surgical mesh as it can potentially damage or displace the mesh. It's important to communicate with the client and their healthcare provider to determine the appropriate timing and technique for massage therapy after surgical mesh placement.

Question 15

Which structures are protrusions of tissues or organs through a weakness in a membranous or cavity wall?

Accepted Answer

Hernias are protrusions of tissues or organs through a weakness in a membranous or cavity wall. Polyps are abnormal tissue growths, ulcers are open sores in the lining of an organ, and diverticula are small pouches that bulge outward through the colon wall.

Question 16

A femoral hernia is described as:

Accepted Answer

A femoral hernia occurs when a loop of intestine descends through the femoral canal, which is located just beneath the groin, rather than the inguinal canal.

Question 17

Which condition is most likely to result in abdominal adhesions?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal adhesions are bands of scar tissue that form between abdominal tissues and organs due to inflammation, injury or surgery. Peritonitis, which is an inflammation of the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdomen), can lead to the formation of adhesions.

Question 18

Which condition is progressive liver disease with liver cells destroyed and replaced with fibrous scar tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cirrhosis is a progressive liver disease in which liver cells are destroyed and replaced with fibrous scar tissue. It is commonly caused by alcohol abuse or chronic viral hepatitis. Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, and hepatitis is inflammation of the liver which may progress to cirrhosis.

Question 19

Which approach is appropriate for the massage therapist if a client reports pain that began vaguely near the umbilicus then shifted to the lower right quadrant, and who has had periods of nausea for the past 6 to 12 hours?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with appendicitis, a medical emergency that requires immediate evaluation and treatment. As massage therapists, we are not trained or licensed to diagnose, and it is inappropriate to perform a massage or attempt to address this issue. The client should be referred to a medical professional without delay.

Question 20

Yellowish coloring of the skin and mucosa caused by elevated blood bilirubin is called:

Accepted Answer

Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood.

Quiz 11: Gastrointestinal Pathologies