In most settings, an easy temperament is associated with more positive adaptation. However, in times of famine, infants with "difficult" temperaments in the Masai tribe have been known to outlive babies with "easy" temperaments. This finding is used to illustrate the important effect that ____ has on developmental outcome.

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The finding that infants with “difficult” temperaments outlived babies with “easy” temperaments during times of famine in the Masai tribe illustrates the concept of goodness-of-fit, which refers to the match between a child’s temperament and the demands and expectations of their environment. This shows that even when a temperament is seen as “difficult” in one context, it can be adaptive in another context, depending on the fit between the child and the environment.

In Most Settings, an Easy Temperament Is Associated with More