Question 1

The Comintern was all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The Comintern was not the basis of the Gulag. The Gulag system was established much later, in the 1930s, as a means of punishing and controlling political dissidents and other prisoners in the Soviet Union. The Comintern, on the other hand, was a political organization that aimed to spread Communist ideology and promote revolution around the world.

Question 2

Events in Kronstadt in 1921 were associated with

Accepted Answer

The events in Kronstadt in 1921 refer to the naval and workers' revolt against the Communist government in Soviet Russia. This uprising was initiated in Kronstadt, a naval base located on an island near St. Petersburg, and soon spread to other cities. The rebels demanded greater political liberties and economic reforms and challenged the Bolsheviks' monopoly on power. The revolt was eventually crushed by the Red Army, and it marked a turning point in the consolidation of Communist rule in the Soviet Union.

Question 3

In the Bolshevik struggle against the Whites

Accepted Answer

The Whites were not a cohesive force and were plagued by internal divisions, which weakened their efforts against the Bolsheviks.

Question 4

In the totalitarian state,the individual​

Accepted Answer

In a totalitarian state, the individual is considered subordinate to the state and exists for the sole purpose of enabling the state to build a new social order. This means that individual freedoms and choices are often restricted in order to serve the goals of the state. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they suggest some level of individual autonomy or freedom of thought which is not typically allowed in a totalitarian state. Choice E is also incorrect as one of the options must be correct.

Question 5

The Communists under Lenin created an effective Red Army by

Accepted Answer

The Communists under Lenin created an effective Red Army by making military service compulsory, forcing tsarist officers to serve and keeping them under close surveillance, machine-gunning retreating soldiers, and applying strict discipline. These measures ensured that the Red Army was well-trained, well-organized, and ideologically committed to the Communist cause. The Red Army played a crucial role in the Russian Civil War, helping the Communists to defeat their opponents and establish a new Soviet state.

Question 6

The text asserts that totalitarianism differed significantlyfrom earlier autocratic regimes in that its leaders

Accepted Answer

Totalitarianism differed from earlier autocratic regimes in that its leaders demanded not just outward obedience but also enthusiastic support from the inner person. Totalitarian leaders sought to control all aspects of their citizens' lives, including their thoughts, beliefs, and emotions. They required absolute loyalty, and any opposition or dissent was not tolerated. This is a key characteristic that sets totalitarianism apart from other forms of authoritarian rule.

Question 7

What is meant by Zbigniew Brzezinski's term,metamyth?

Accepted Answer

Zbigniew Brzezinski's term "metamyth" refers to the grand, transcendental truth supplied by a political party, which is intended to liberate people from a lack of certainty. It is a form of propaganda used by totalitarian regimes to create a shared belief system and justify their actions. This is different from traditional religions, which totalitarianism often condemns as "opiates of the people."

Question 8

The politburo refers to

Accepted Answer

The politburo was a small group of Communist Party leaders who made important decisions in the Soviet Union and other communist countries. It was a powerful body that controlled the government and the economy, and its members were often the most influential and dominant figures in the country.

Question 9

How did Stalin come to succeed Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union?

Accepted Answer

Stalin used his position as General Secretary of the Communist Party to quietly build up support and eliminate his potential rivals through appointments and purges. This allowed him to consolidate power and succeed Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union.

Question 10

Carl J.Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski believed that totalitarian states​

Accepted Answer

Friedrich and Brzezinski argued that totalitarian states were a new development in the 20th century, distinct from previous forms of governance.

Question 11

In which ways was totalitarianism pseudoreligious?

Accepted Answer

Totalitarianism provided people with a comprehensive worldview, explaining everything from the present to history. It focused on a battle between good and evil, giving its followers a sense of purpose and direction. It created a sense of belonging among isolated individuals and, for some, inspired a level of fervor and devotion reminiscent of religious fanaticism. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 12

Casualties on all sides of the Russian Civil War

Accepted Answer

The option D is the most accurate as it highlights the total casualties which includes not only direct deaths in the war, but also executed Jews, famine deaths, and political opponents. This option is the only one that takes into account all types of deaths during the Russian Civil War.

Question 13

With regard to women,the Communist Party under Lenin

Accepted Answer

The Communist Party under Lenin sought to free women from the burdens of their traditional domestic roles, but did not necessarily establish complete equality between the sexes throughout the Soviet Union. While there were female leaders in the party, they were still a minority and faced discrimination.

Question 14

The text argues that,of the Fascist regime in Italy,the National Socialist regime in Germany,and the Communist regime in the Soviet Union,the totalitarian state was most completely established in

Accepted Answer

The totalitarian state was most completely established in Germany and the Soviet Union, where the regimes exercised extensive control over many aspects of life, including the economy, education, and the arts, as well as employing terror and propaganda to maintain power and control over the populace. Italy, under Mussolini, did have elements of totalitarianism but did not achieve the same level of total control as seen in Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union under Stalin.

Question 15

Which of the following is the most accurate statement? In the years 1921-1928

Accepted Answer

During the years 1921-1928, the Communists in Russia liberalized the economy with the New Economic Policy (NEP) but simultaneously tightened the Party's control over society and the government. This period was known as the "NEP era," which allowed for some small-scale capitalism and private enterprise, but the Communist Party retained a firm grip on power.

Question 16

Stalin's industrialization campaign included all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Stalin's industrialization campaign did not include a concerted attempt to expand the consumer goods sector. Instead, the focus was on heavy industry, such as steel production, and the exploitation of the peasantry and workers to meet quotas.

Question 17

Under the New Economic Policy,the Communists

Accepted Answer

Under the New Economic Policy (NEP), the Communists allowed certain elements of the economy to return to private hands. This included small businesses, farming, and trading. However, the state still controlled heavy industry and banking. The NEP was a temporary measure to address economic problems after the Russian Civil War, and it was later abandoned in favor of more centralized economic control under Stalin.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT true of the War Communism created during the Russian Civil War?

Accepted Answer

War Communism did not lead to increased worker productivity in factories. In fact, it often resulted in a decrease in productivity due to lack of incentive and resources.

Question 19

Totalitarian systems sought to eradicate the democratic states that preceded them through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Totalitarian systems did not ignore the need for popular approval; rather, they often sought to control and manipulate public opinion through propaganda and other means to maintain their legitimacy. The other options are all true mechanisms used by totalitarian systems to eradicate democratic states.

Question 20

The series of Five-Year Plans did NOT​result in

Accepted Answer

The Five-Year Plans did not result in Western-style efficiency.

Quiz 14: An Era of Totalitarianism

The Comintern was all the following EXCEPT

Events in Kronstadt in 1921 were associated with

In the Bolshevik struggle against the Whites

In the totalitarian state,the individual

The Communists under Lenin created an effective Red Army by

The text asserts that totalitarianism differed significantlyfrom earlier autocratic regimes in that its leaders

What is meant by Zbigniew Brzezinski's term,metamyth?

The politburo refers to

How did Stalin come to succeed Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union?

Carl J.Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski believed that totalitarian states

In which ways was totalitarianism pseudoreligious?

Casualties on all sides of the Russian Civil War

With regard to women,the Communist Party under Lenin

The text argues that,of the Fascist regime in Italy,the National Socialist regime in Germany,and the Communist regime in the Soviet Union,the totalitarian state was most completely established in

Which of the following is the most accurate statement? In the years 1921-1928

Stalin's industrialization campaign included all the following EXCEPT

Under the New Economic Policy,the Communists

Which of the following is NOT true of the War Communism created during the Russian Civil War?

Totalitarian systems sought to eradicate the democratic states that preceded them through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT

The series of Five-Year Plans did NOTresult in

Quiz 14: An Era of Totalitarianism

The Comintern was all the following EXCEPT

Events in Kronstadt in 1921 were associated with

In the Bolshevik struggle against the Whites

In the totalitarian state,the individual​

The Communists under Lenin created an effective Red Army by

The text asserts that totalitarianism differed significantlyfrom earlier autocratic regimes in that its leaders

What is meant by Zbigniew Brzezinski's term,metamyth?

The politburo refers to

How did Stalin come to succeed Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union?

Carl J.Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski believed that totalitarian states​

In which ways was totalitarianism pseudoreligious?

Casualties on all sides of the Russian Civil War

With regard to women,the Communist Party under Lenin

The text argues that,of the Fascist regime in Italy,the National Socialist regime in Germany,and the Communist regime in the Soviet Union,the totalitarian state was most completely established in

Which of the following is the most accurate statement? In the years 1921-1928

Stalin's industrialization campaign included all the following EXCEPT

Under the New Economic Policy,the Communists

Which of the following is NOT true of the War Communism created during the Russian Civil War?

Totalitarian systems sought to eradicate the democratic states that preceded them through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT

The series of Five-Year Plans did NOT​result in

In the totalitarian state,the individual

Carl J.Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski believed that totalitarian states

The series of Five-Year Plans did NOTresult in