Question 1

Unethical behavior is defined as behavior that does not conform to a set of approved standards of ________ behavior.
A) amoral
B) diplomatic
C) social
D) religious
E) international

Accepted Answer

Unethical behavior is behavior that goes against social norms and values. It is not necessarily illegal or amoral, but it is considered unacceptable within a social context. Diplomacy relates more to the conduct of international relations, whereas religion and morality are personal belief systems that may inform ethical behavior but are not universally accepted standards. International standards may play a role in determining certain ethical issues, but they are not the sole basis for determining ethical behavior.

Question 2

In business relations all of the following are influenced by our personal ethics EXCEPT ________.
A) actions
B) job titles
C) thoughts
D) words
E) behavior

Accepted Answer

Personal ethics can influence one's actions, thoughts, words, and behavior in business relations. However, job titles are not determined by personal ethics but rather by professional qualifications and experience.

Question 3

Situational ethics was considered very controversial when it was established by Joseph Fletcher because it challenged the idea that ________.
A) universal rules exist and can be applied to every situation
B) people make decisions based on a specific situation no matter what the consequences are
C) people make decisions based on a specific situation instead of universal laws
D) most people act in their own self interest when making decisions
E) some people have no sense of right and wrong

Accepted Answer

Situational ethics, proposed by Joseph Fletcher, posits that ethical decisions should be made based on the circumstances of a particular situation rather than adhering to absolute, universal principles. This was controversial because it directly challenged the notion that there are universal ethical rules that apply to all situations without exception.

Question 4

Since goods are more widely manufactured and sold in the global marketplace,this has caused U.S.companies to ________.
A) have more control over ethical standards in other countries since governments are eager to meet the expectations of companies that wish to operate within their borders
B) close down offshore manufacturing facilities because of different ethical standards
C) respect and care for their employees in the U.S. with higher ethical standards
D) face difficult decisions about ethical standards on tough issues such as child labor, pollution, fair wages, and human rights
E) ignore ethical standards in their U.S. facilities to make them more competitive

Accepted Answer

As companies expand globally and have to deal with different cultures and regulations, they are increasingly facing ethical dilemmas related to issues such as child labor, pollution, fair wages, and human rights. They must make difficult decisions and balance the needs of their business with their social and environmental responsibilities. It is important for companies to uphold ethical standards even in foreign countries, as this can impact their reputation and customer loyalty.

Question 5

According to moral relativism ________.
A) gossiping creates a more divisive workplace
B) everyone is equal in the eye of the law
C) no single view is more valid than any other
D) people make decisions based on specific situation instead of universal laws
E) applying the Golden Rule is more important than complex sets of moral rules

Accepted Answer

Moral relativism is the belief that there is no objective or universal moral truth, and instead, all moral truths are relative to the individual, culture, or society. Therefore, no single view is more valid than any other, making choice C the best answer.

Question 6

"Nice guys finish last." and "Hard work always pays off" are examples of ________.
A) goals
B) beliefs
C) virtues
D) behaviors
E) belief origins

Accepted Answer

"Nice guys finish last" and "Hard work always pays off" are examples of beliefs, which are deeply held convictions about what is true or right. Goals are something that a person wants to achieve or aims for. Virtues are moral or ethical qualities that are valued as good or desirable. Behaviors are actions that a person takes. Belief origins are the sources from which beliefs arise.

Question 7

Cindy is a popular actress and has won countless acting awards in her 15 years in the industry.People always ask her what her secret is,and Cindy tells them,"Hard work always pays off!" She adds that each time she acts she's giving her all.Cindy's belief is most likely in line with her ________.
A) social ethics
B) personal ethics
C) political ethics
D) religious ethics
E) situational ethics

Accepted Answer

Cindy's belief that "hard work always pays off" is related to her personal ethics, which are the beliefs and values that guide her own behavior and decisions. Social ethics refer to how society as a whole should behave, political ethics concern ethical issues in government and politics, religious ethics are based on religious teachings and principles, and situational ethics involve making ethical decisions based on the particular situation at hand. None of these options are as closely tied to Cindy's personal belief in the value of hard work.

Question 8

Which of the following questions enables a person to BEST understand her behavior from an ethical perspective?
A) What are the most important beliefs you hold and use to make decisions in your life?
B) What characteristics would others use to describe you?
C) How do your relationships reflect your character and beliefs?
D) Where did your beliefs and your view of your character come from?
E) How can an ethical life get me ahead?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following questions enables a...

Question 9

Situational ethics encourages people to ________.
A) create a personal code of ethics based on their family background
B) make ethical decisions based upon the circumstances of a particular experience, not upon fixed laws
C) evaluate how they can best meet their individual needs in any particular situation
D) apply the basic values shared by all major religious traditions to a variety of situations
E) have no interest in the moral consequences of their actions

Accepted Answer

Situational ethics is a moral theory that suggests ethical decisions should be based on the unique circumstances of a particular situation, rather than on fixed moral laws or codes. It encourages individuals to consider the consequences of their actions and to make decisions that will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people in that situation.

Question 10

A new school of psychology,established by Dr.Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania,addresses the causes of happiness instead of looking into treatments for mental dysfunctions.This area of psychology is called ________.
A) evaluative therapy
B) positivism
C) the happiness factor
D) positive psychology
E) moral relativism

Accepted Answer

The new school of psychology established by Dr. Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania is called positive psychology, which focuses on identifying the causes and factors that contribute to happiness rather than diagnosing and treating mental disorders. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option A, evaluative therapy, is not a recognized term in psychology. Option B, positivism, is a philosophical approach to knowledge acquisition and not related to psychology. Option C, the happiness factor, is not a recognized term in psychology. Option E, moral relativism, is a philosophical approach to ethics and not related to psychology.

Question 11

Which of the following would LEAST likely be a source of a company's values and principles?
A) the company's code of ethics
B) the company's marketing campaign
C) the company's mission statement
D) the owner's behaviors and priorities
E) the company's record of legal compliance

Accepted Answer

While a company's marketing campaign may reflect some of its values and principles, it is not a primary source for them. The other options listed are all more likely sources of a company's values and principles.

Question 12

When the wife of Mark Whitacre,who was involved in illegal activities at Archer Daniels Midland (ADM),threatened to divorce him if he did not end his involvement with the price fixing,she demonstrated an example of ________.
A) flexible ethical standards
B) strong personal ethics
C) compromised business ethics
D) legal oversight
E) ethical ambiguity

Accepted Answer

The wife's ultimatum demonstrated strong personal ethics, as she valued honesty and ethical behavior in her husband more than the benefits he may have gained from continuing his involvement in illegal activities.

Question 13

Corporate social responsibility can be defined as a company's obligation to ________.
A) blend its activities into the social fabric of whatever country it conducts business in
B) include social networking and society events that bring in prominent members of the community
C) conduct its activities with the aim of achieving social, environmental, and economic development
D) behave in whatever manner is necessary to earn the highest profit for owners
E) be flexible with its ethics in the workplace in order to maintain profitability

Accepted Answer

Corporate social responsibility refers to the idea that companies should not only focus on financial goals, but also be responsible for the impacts of their activities on society and the environment. This includes conducting business in a manner that contributes to social, environmental, and economic development. Option A is too narrow and restrictive, while option B is focused on networking and events rather than substantive actions. Option D is contrary to the idea of social responsibility, as it prioritizes profits over all other considerations. Option E is also contrary to social responsibility because it suggests that a company's ethics should be bent to accommodate profitability.

Question 14

If you are developing your own personal ethical system,which of the following would NOT be appropriate to include in your evaluation?
A) your beliefs
B) your age
C) your behavior
D) your character
E) your belief origins

Accepted Answer

Age is not a relevant factor in the development of an ethical system, as it does not contribute to the validity or consistency of the system itself. The other options listed (beliefs, behavior, character, belief origins) are all relevant factors to consider when developing a personal ethical system.

Question 15

Patricia often acts without thinking of the consequences.She usually comes home late and even skips her turn to do household chores.When someone asks her if she thinks what she does is right or wrong,she says she doesn't really know and she doesn't really care.Patricia's behavior can be classified as ________.
A) amoral
B) unethical
C) ethical
D) moral
E) Judeo-Christian

Accepted Answer

Patricia's behavior can be classified as amoral because she does not consider or adhere to any moral principles or ethical standards. She appears to act without any sense of right or wrong, indicating a lack of morality.

Question 16

Victor is using the Internet to research past charges that have been filed against the pharmaceutical company Pharmacure.Victor is primarily trying to find out about Pharmacure's ________.
A) code of ethics
B) corporate vision
C) record of legal compliance
D) mission statement
E) corporate culture

Accepted Answer

Victor is trying to research past charges filed against Pharmacure, which indicates that he is looking for information about the company's legal compliance record. Therefore, option C - record of legal compliance - is the most appropriate choice.

Question 17

Living ethically can provide all of the following benefits EXCEPT ________.
A) reduced stress-related ailments
B) improved personal happiness
C) heightened agreement between personal and communal values
D) improved capability of dealing with challenging situations
E) avoidance of a variety of kinds of mental and physical damage

Accepted Answer

Living ethically primarily focuses on aligning one's actions with moral principles, which can lead to personal benefits such as reduced stress, improved happiness, better handling of challenges, and avoidance of harm. However, it does not inherently ensure heightened agreement between personal and communal values, as ethical living is subjective and can vary greatly among different communities.

Question 18

Which of the following ethical issues should be of the LEAST concern to a business?
A) A customer has failed to report all of her income to the IRS.
B) An employee uses recreational drugs on the weekends.
C) A manager is having a romantic relationship with one of his team members.
D) An employee who operates equipment drinks several beers while offsite eating lunch.
E) An employee spends time shopping online and on Facebook when he should be working.

Accepted Answer

The customer's failure to report all income to the IRS is primarily a personal legal issue rather than a direct ethical concern for the business, unlike the other options which involve direct employee behavior or management practices affecting the workplace.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an example of how corporate social responsibility can be consistent with profitability?
A) using recycled styrofoam as cups in a coffee shop
B) offering bonuses to employees who embellish profit and loss statements
C) paying employees in a developing nation more than the minimum
D) encouraging employees to volunteer within the local community
E) improving environmental practices in their factories and plants

Accepted Answer

Offering bonuses to employees who embellish profit and loss statements is not an example of corporate social responsibility because it involves unethical behavior. All the other options listed are examples of how a company can balance social responsibility with profitability.

Question 20

When Shell Oil works toward reducing emissions of nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide from its facilities,this is NOT an example of which of the following pillars of corporate social responsibility?
A) community and "good neighbor" policies
B) marketing and consumer issues
C) ethical sourcing and procurement
D) environmental, health, and safety concerns
E) human rights and employment standards in the workplace

Accepted Answer

Reducing emissions of nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide is related to environmental, health, and safety concerns, not ethical sourcing and procurement.

Quiz 3: Ethics in Business

Unethical behavior is defined as behavior that does not conform to a set of approved standards of ________ behavior.

In business relations all of the following are influenced by our personal ethics EXCEPT ________.

Situational ethics was considered very controversial when it was established by Joseph Fletcher because it challenged the idea that ________.

Since goods are more widely manufactured and sold in the global marketplace,this has caused U.S.companies to ________.

According to moral relativism ________.

"Nice guys finish last." and "Hard work always pays off" are examples of ________.

Cindy is a popular actress and has won countless acting awards in her 15 years in the industry.People always ask her what her secret is,and Cindy tells them,"Hard work always pays off!" She adds that each time she acts she's giving her all.Cindy's belief is most likely in line with her ________.

Which of the following questions enables a person to BEST understand her behavior from an ethical perspective?

Situational ethics encourages people to ________.

A new school of psychology,established by Dr.Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania,addresses the causes of happiness instead of looking into treatments for mental dysfunctions.This area of psychology is called ________.

Which of the following would LEAST likely be a source of a company's values and principles?

When the wife of Mark Whitacre,who was involved in illegal activities at Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) ,threatened to divorce him if he did not end his involvement with the price fixing,she demonstrated an example of ________.

Corporate social responsibility can be defined as a company's obligation to ________.

If you are developing your own personal ethical system,which of the following would NOT be appropriate to include in your evaluation?

Victor is using the Internet to research past charges that have been filed against the pharmaceutical company Pharmacure.Victor is primarily trying to find out about Pharmacure's ________.

Living ethically can provide all of the following benefits EXCEPT ________.

Which of the following ethical issues should be of the LEAST concern to a business?

Which of the following is NOT an example of how corporate social responsibility can be consistent with profitability?

When Shell Oil works toward reducing emissions of nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide from its facilities,this is NOT an example of which of the following pillars of corporate social responsibility?