Question 1

The arch can define large spaces because
A) it can only be made of stone
B) it does not depend solely on the tensile strength of its materials
C) it acts as a bridge
D) it can carry heavy loads

Accepted Answer

Unlike other structures that rely solely on the tensile strength of the materials used, such as beams and cables, arches rely on compressive forces to distribute weight and remain stable. This allows them to span larger distances without collapsing or requiring additional support.

Question 2

Architect Richard Buckminster Fuller invented what important architectural structure?
A) geodesic dome
B) cantilever technique
C) monolithic structure
D) bearing wall

Accepted Answer

Richard Buckminster Fuller is most famous for inventing the geodesic dome, a structure made of interconnected triangles that made possible large, lightweight, and self-supporting buildings.

Question 3

What do Doric,Ionic and Corinthian describe?
A) Greek style of columns and capitals
B) Greek style of arches
C) Greek style vaults
D) Greek style of cathedrals

Accepted Answer

Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian are the three distinct styles of columns and capitals used in ancient Greek architecture. The Doric order features simple, plain columns with no base and a capital shaped like a round cushion. The Ionic order has taller and more slender columns with a base and a capital decorated with volutes or scroll-like shapes. The Corinthian order has the most elaborate capital, featuring acanthus leaves and small scrolls.

Question 4

The introduction of this material into the nineteenth-century industrial age forever changed architectural style and scale.
A) precast concrete
B) mortar
C) steel
D) hexagonal plates

Accepted Answer

Steel was a game-changer in the nineteenth-century industrial age, as it allowed for the construction of buildings with greater height and span than ever before. This led to a shift in architectural style, with buildings employing steel frames and structures becoming more common. Precast concrete and hexagonal plates were not as widely used or impactful, while mortar has been used in construction for centuries and did not significantly change architectural style and scale in the way that steel did.

Question 5

Several arches placed side by side form
A) a tunnel vault
B) a groin vault
C) an arcade
D) a flying buttress

Accepted Answer

Several arches placed side by side form an arcade, which is a series of arches supported by columns or piers. A tunnel vault is a series of arches placed back to back, a groin vault is created by the intersection of two barrel vaults, and a flying buttress is an architectural structure used to buttress a wall from the outside, typically found on Gothic cathedrals.

Question 6

Vertical ridges cut into the sides of columns is called
A) fluting
B) jambs
C) keystone
D) piers

Accepted Answer

Vertical ridges cut into the sides of columns is called fluting. Jambs are vertical sides of a doorway or window frame. Keystone is the wedge-shaped stone piece at the top of an arch, which holds the other pieces in place. Piers are large, vertical supports usually made of stone, brick or concrete, used to support a structure.

Question 7

The Parthenon,Acropolis,Athens,is an example of what kind of architectural structure?
A) cantilever
B) post and lintel
C) bearing wall
D) skeleton frame

Accepted Answer

The Parthenon is an example of a post and lintel structure. This is because it consists of a series of vertical columns (posts) supporting horizontal beams (lintels) to create an open space.

Question 8

Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water and Eduardo Torroja's Zarzuela Race Track Grandstand have this architectural structure in common:
A) cantilever
B) bearing wall
C) skeletal frame
D) dome

Accepted Answer

Both Falling Water and Zarzuela Race Track Grandstand are famous for their innovative cantilevered designs. Falling Water has several cantilevered terraces and balconies that overhang the waterfall, while the Zarzuela Race Track Grandstand features a dramatic cantilevered roof that appears to defy gravity.

Question 9

What results when arches join at the top and their legs forming a circle?
A) dome
B) barrel
C) vault
D) tunnel

Accepted Answer

When arches join at the top and their legs forming a circle, it creates a dome.

Question 10

When two tunnel vaults intersect at right angles,they form a
A) buttress
B) groin vault
C) tunnel vault
D) rib vault

Accepted Answer

When two tunnel vaults intersect at right angles, they form a groin vault. A groin vault is a type of vault formed by the intersection of two tunnel vaults at an angle. It is also known as a cross vault.

Question 11

What is the principal concern of architecture?
A) aesthetics
B) form
C) function
D) design

Accepted Answer

The principal concern of architecture is function, as it involves designing buildings and spaces that serve a specific purpose and function efficiently for the people using them. While aesthetics, form, and design are important aspects of architecture, they are secondary to the function of the building or space being designed.

Question 12

Architecture is often described as
A) the art of sheltering
B) dynamic structures
C) aesthetic principles of design
D) engineering and art

Accepted Answer

Architecture is often described as the art of sheltering because it fundamentally involves designing and constructing spaces that provide protection and habitation for people.

Question 13

In architecture the relationship of individual elements to each other is called
A) scale
B) proportion
C) unity
D) juxtaposition

Accepted Answer

Proportion refers to the size and relationship of individual elements to each other in a design or structure. Scale refers to the size of the entire structure or design in relation to its surroundings. Unity refers to the overall harmony and coherence of a design. Juxtaposition refers to the placement of two elements together to create contrast.

Question 14

The Cathedral of St.Peter in York Minster,England used what architectural structure to achieve a sense of lightness?
A) post and lintel
B) flying buttresses
C) cantilever
D) bearing wall

Accepted Answer

The Cathedral of St. Peter in York Minster, England used flying buttresses to achieve a sense of lightness. Flying buttresses were commonly used in Gothic architecture to transfer the weight of the roof and upper walls to the columns and pillars outside of the building, allowing for taller and lighter walls to be constructed.

Question 15

The Canterbury Cathedral Choir,England is an example of
A) rib vaulting
B) groin vaulting
C) tunnel vaulting
D) arcade vaulting

Accepted Answer

The Canterbury Cathedral Choir is an example of rib vaulting, which is a key feature of Gothic architecture, characterized by intersecting ribbed arches.

Question 16

In architecture a building's size and the relationship of the building and its decorative elements to the human form is called
A) balance
B) proportion
C) scale
D) repetition

Accepted Answer

Scale refers to the relationship between the size of a building and its decorative elements to the human form.

Question 17

The outward thrust of an arch can be stabilized by a
A) column
B) vault
C) buttress
D) capital

Accepted Answer

An arch exerts an outward thrust that can cause it to collapse or become unstable. To stabilize the arch, a buttress can be added. A buttress is a structure that supports the wall or structure at right angles to it, providing additional support and counteracting the outward thrust of the arch. Therefore, the best choice to stabilize the outward thrust of an arch is a buttress.

Question 18

Stonehenge is an early example of what kind of architectural structure?
A) cantilever
B) bearing wall
C) post and lintel
D) skeleton frame

Accepted Answer

Stonehenge is composed of large standing stones arranged in a circle, with horizontal lintels placed on top of vertical posts, making it an early example of the post and lintel architectural structure.

Question 19

Tensile strength is the ability of a material to withstand
A) compression
B) weight
C) crushing
D) bending

Accepted Answer

Tensile strength refers to the ability of a material to resist being pulled apart or stretched, so the correct answer is bending. Material with high tensile strength can withstand stretching or pulling forces without breaking or deforming.

Question 20

An overhanging beam supported at one end is called a
A) post and lintel
B) cantilever
C) flying buttress
D) pendentive

Accepted Answer

A cantilever is an overhanging beam that is supported at only one end, while the other end is free. It is commonly used in construction and engineering to create structures like bridges, balconies, and roofs that have an extended reach without the need for additional support. Options A, C, and D refer to other architectural or construction features that are not quite the same as an overhanging beam supported at one end.

Quiz 3: Architecture

The arch can define large spaces because

Architect Richard Buckminster Fuller invented what important architectural structure?

What do Doric,Ionic and Corinthian describe?

The introduction of this material into the nineteenth-century industrial age forever changed architectural style and scale.

Several arches placed side by side form

Vertical ridges cut into the sides of columns is called

The Parthenon,Acropolis,Athens,is an example of what kind of architectural structure?

Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water and Eduardo Torroja's Zarzuela Race Track Grandstand have this architectural structure in common:

What results when arches join at the top and their legs forming a circle?

When two tunnel vaults intersect at right angles,they form a

What is the principal concern of architecture?

Architecture is often described as

In architecture the relationship of individual elements to each other is called

The Cathedral of St.Peter in York Minster,England used what architectural structure to achieve a sense of lightness?

The Canterbury Cathedral Choir,England is an example of

In architecture a building's size and the relationship of the building and its decorative elements to the human form is called

The outward thrust of an arch can be stabilized by a

Stonehenge is an early example of what kind of architectural structure?

Tensile strength is the ability of a material to withstand

An overhanging beam supported at one end is called a