Question 1

Which of the following is inherently the most dangerous to use?
A) heroin
B) cocaine
C) opium
D) caffeine
E) alcohol

Accepted Answer

E

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?
A) Widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increase in infectious diseases.
B) As more people in poorer countries are moving to cities, infectious disease is increasing.
C) Globalization is helping to spread infectious disease.
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true. Widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which are more difficult to treat. As more people in poorer countries are moving to cities, they are living in closer quarters, which increases the spread of infectious diseases. Globalization is also helping to spread infectious diseases, as people and goods travel more frequently between countries.

Question 3

Research suggests that
A) having a gun in the home significantly increases the odds of homicide.
B) having a gun in the home reduces the chances of being killed if one's home is forcibly entered.
C) strangers kill about half of all homicide victims.
D) gun ownership increases the risk of homicide for African-American men but not for white men.
E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Multiple research studies have shown that having a gun in the home increases the risk of homicide. One study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that individuals in homes with guns were 3 times more likely to die from a homicide and 5 times more likely to die from a suicide compared to individuals in homes without guns.

Question 4

The percentage of persons living in the United States who have epilepsy is best referred to as
A) the incidence of epilepsy.
B) the prevalence of epilepsy.
C) the rate of epilepsy.
D) the epidemiological transition.
E) the demographic transition.

Accepted Answer

The term "prevalence" refers to the proportion of individuals in a population with a particular condition at a specific point in time. Therefore, the percentage of persons living in the United States who have epilepsy is best referred to as the prevalence of epilepsy.

Question 5

Morbidity refers to
A) deaths.
B) illness.
C) infections.
D) chronic fatigue syndrome.
E) macroeconomics.

Accepted Answer

Morbidity refers to the prevalence or incidence of illness or disease in a population, as opposed to mortality which refers to deaths.

Question 6

How have social factors and conditions contributed to the spread of HIV?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have social factors and conditions contributed...

Question 7

According to McGinnis and Foege,the most common cause of premature deaths is
A) illegal drugs.
B) diet and exercise.
C) AIDS.
D) tobacco.
E) microbial agents.

Accepted Answer

McGinnis and Foege identified tobacco as the most common cause of premature deaths, responsible for over 400,000 deaths each year in the United States alone. This is due to the numerous health problems associated with tobacco use, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, and respiratory illness.

Question 8

Which of the following is true?
A) Nicotine is an addictive drug.
B) Tobacco use contributes to infant mortality.
C) Living or working around tobacco smokers increases risks of mortality and morbidity.
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is an addictive drug, tobacco use contributes to infant mortality, and living or working around tobacco smokers increases risks of mortality and morbidity. Therefore, all of the above options are true.

Question 9

Which of the following would be most likely to reduce medical errors?
A) developing systems to identify ill-trained nurses
B) developing systems to identify drug-abusing doctors
C) increasing autopsy rates
D) making it easier for patients to sue incompetent doctors
E) holding more Medical Mortality Review conferences

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be most...

Question 10

To increase sales of tobacco,tobacco producers have
A) emphasized that smoking can lead to weight loss.
B) sued the US Public Health Service.
C) refrained from advertising to children.
D) targeted men rather than women.
E) primarily targeted wealthy whites.

Accepted Answer

Tobacco producers have historically used various marketing strategies to increase sales, including emphasizing that smoking can lead to weight loss. This tactic plays on societal pressures and personal desires for a certain body image, making it an effective, albeit misleading, selling point.

Question 11

The term illness is used to refer to
A) the social experience of living with a disease.
B) the biological consequences of disease.
C) an objective measure of biological changes.
D) sociologists' ideas regarding epidemiology.
E) mental problems.

Accepted Answer

The term illness is often used to describe the social and psychological experiences of having a disease, including the impact on a person's daily life, relationships, and sense of self. While illness is often connected to biological consequences, such as physical symptoms or changes in the body, it is a broader term that encompasses the personal and social dimensions of living with a health condition.

Question 12

The study of the distribution of disease among a population is referred to as
A) sociology.
B) clinical sociology.
C) epidemiology.
D) geography.
E) enterology.

Accepted Answer

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of disease among a population. Sociology (A) and clinical sociology (B) focus on social and psychological factors that impact health, while geography (D) is the study of the physical features of the land. Enterology (E) is the study of the digestive system.

Question 13

Which of the following is true?
A) Public funding for contraceptive services has increased.
B) Women who have Medicaid can receive an abortion at no cost.
C) Almost all US counties have at least one abortion provider.
D) Access to abortion has declined during the last decade.
E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

According to various studies and reports, access to abortion has declined during the last decade. While public funding for contraceptive services has indeed increased, not all women who have Medicaid can receive an abortion at no cost, and almost all US counties do not have at least one abortion provider. Therefore, option D is the only true statement.

Question 14

In general,rates better measure how common an illness is than do raw numbers because rates
A) allow us to reasonably compare populations of different sizes.
B) are more scientifically accurate.
C) are a more objective measure.
D) can be measured in a less biased fashion.
E) can be more accurately calculated.

Accepted Answer

Rates take into account the size of the population being studied, allowing for comparisons between populations of different sizes. Raw numbers do not provide this context and can be misleading.

Question 15

If heroin users could obtain both the drug and needles legally,they would be less likely to
A) contract HIV.
B) overdose.
C) contract other illnesses carried by dirty needles.
D) commit crimes.
E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

If heroin users could obtain both the drug and needles legally, they would be less likely to contract HIV and other illnesses carried by dirty needles. They would also be less likely to overdose, as they could obtain clean needles with accurate dosing information. This would reduce the risk of accidental overdose due to incorrect dosing or impurities in the drug. Additionally, if heroin users could obtain the drug legally, they would be less likely to commit crimes, as they would not have to resort to illegal means to obtain the drug. Therefore, all of the above options would be addressed if heroin users could obtain both the drug and needles legally.

Question 16

John McKinlay would refer to advertising companies that work for tobacco producers as
A) primary producers.
B) secondary producers.
C) primary practitioners.
D) manufacturers of illness.
E) "downstream" problems.

Accepted Answer

John McKinlay would likely refer to advertising companies that work for tobacco producers as "manufacturers of illness," reflecting a critical view on their role in promoting products that are harmful to health.

Question 17

Currently,the most common causes of death in the United States are
A) chronic diseases.
B) infectious diseases.
C) accidents and trauma.
D) infant and maternal mortality.
E) diseases of middle age.

Accepted Answer

Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are responsible for the majority of deaths in the United States, accounting for more than 60% of all deaths. Infectious diseases and accidents/trauma are also significant causes of death, but not as common as chronic diseases. Infant and maternal mortality rates have declined significantly in recent years and are no longer major causes of death in the US. Diseases of middle age is not a recognized category of causes of death.

Question 18

Research clearly demonstrates that
A) obesity significantly increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
B) being even slightly overweight significantly lowers life expectancy.
C) individuals eat less at buffets with many options.
D) all of above
E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that obesity significantly increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Being overweight may also have health consequences, but it does not necessarily lower life expectancy. The statement about buffets is not supported by current research.

Question 19

Look at the last twelve issues of a magazine that regularly runs advertisements for either alcoholic beverages or cigarettes.What overt and covert messages do advertisements in these issues give regarding alcohol/tobacco,the use of these drugs,and the lives and characters of those who use these drugs? Quantify your findings as much as possible (e.g.,80 percent of advertisements suggest that using tobacco will improve your sex life).To do this,you will have to develop specific questions,such as "Does this advertisement suggest that using tobacco will improve your sex life?"

Accepted Answer

The answer of Look at the last twelve issues of...

Question 20

Evaluate the role that social conditions and status play in maintaining and restoring health,and compare that to the role played by medical treatments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evaluate the role that social conditions and...

Quiz 2: The Social Sources of Illness

Which of the following is inherently the most dangerous to use?

Which of the following statements is true?

Research suggests that

The percentage of persons living in the United States who have epilepsy is best referred to as

Morbidity refers to

How have social factors and conditions contributed to the spread of HIV?

According to McGinnis and Foege,the most common cause of premature deaths is

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following would be most likely to reduce medical errors?

To increase sales of tobacco,tobacco producers have

The term illness is used to refer to

The study of the distribution of disease among a population is referred to as

Which of the following is true?

In general,rates better measure how common an illness is than do raw numbers because rates

If heroin users could obtain both the drug and needles legally,they would be less likely to

John McKinlay would refer to advertising companies that work for tobacco producers as

Currently,the most common causes of death in the United States are

Research clearly demonstrates that

Evaluate the role that social conditions and status play in maintaining and restoring health,and compare that to the role played by medical treatments.