Pneumonectomy is removal of an entire lung,usually to treat malignant neoplasms.What structures are excised or resected in order to remove the entire lung and complete the surgery?

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Other resections are often combined with pneumonectomy,such as resection of mediastinal lymph nodes,resection of portions of the chest wall or diaphragm,and removal of parietal pleura.If a rib is to be excised,bone instruments are required.The surgeon frees any peripheral adhesions to mobilize the lung and divides the pulmonary ligament.The superior pulmonary vein is gently retracted,and the pulmonary artery is dissected.The surgeon clamps and divides the branches of the pulmonary artery and vein of the involved lobe.The inferior pulmonary vein is exposed by incising the hilar pleura and retracting the lung anteriorly.The inferior pulmonary vein is clamped,doubly ligated,and divided.The surgeon divides the bronchus near the tracheal bifurcation.The lung is removed from the chest.

Pneumonectomy Is Removal of an Entire Lung,usually to Treat Malignant