Question 1

In the neuron,neurotransmitters are stored in the myelin sheaths.

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters are not stored in the myelin sheaths. They are stored in vesicles located in the presynaptic terminals of the neuron. Myelin sheaths are the protective covering that surrounds the axon of the neuron, and they primarily serve to increase the speed of neural impulses.

Question 2

The brain imaging technique that involves injection of radioactive chemicals in order to measure brain function is called
A)positron emission tomography (PET).
B)mass spectroscopy.
C)electron microscopy.
D)electrochemical detection.

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET) is the brain imaging technique that involves injection of radioactive chemicals, known as radiotracers, in order to measure brain function. These radiotracers emit gamma rays that can be detected by the PET scanner, allowing for visualization and measurement of brain activity. Options B, C, and D are not brain imaging techniques that involve the injection of radioactive chemicals.

Question 3

MRI and PET are two types of neurotransmitter chemicals.

Accepted Answer

MRI and PET are not types of neurotransmitter chemicals. MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and is a type of medical imaging that uses magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body. PET stands for Positron Emission Tomography and is a type of medical imaging that uses a radioactive tracer to visualize the metabolic activity in the body. Neither MRI nor PET are neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals between neurons in the brain and body.

Question 4

The actions of drugs on neurotransmitter systems can be divided into two main types.What are they?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The actions of drugs on neurotransmitter systems...

Question 5

Newer local anesthetics are simple modifications of the cocaine molecule that do not pass the blood-brain barrier and thus do not produce cocaine-like feelings of euphoria.

Accepted Answer

Local anesthetics that are modified versions of the cocaine molecule are designed to avoid passing the blood-brain barrier and producing psychoactive effects such as euphoria. This is a key safety feature of these drugs.

Question 6

Parkinson's disease patients are often treated with dopamine because L-dopa cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.

Accepted Answer

L-dopa is used to treat Parkinson's disease because it can cross the blood-brain barrier, whereas dopamine cannot.

Question 7

Unlike neurons,glial cells in the brain are purely for support and are incapable of communicating with each other.

Accepted Answer

Glial cells are capable of communicating with each other through chemical and electrical signaling. They also play important roles in maintaining the homeostasis of the brain and modulating the activity of neurons.

Question 8

What are the steps involved in the life cycle of a neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the steps involved in the...

Question 9

Describe the structure of a neuron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the structure of a neuron....

Question 10

Suppose you wanted to prescribe a hypothetical drug that would have an overall excitatory effect on the nervous system.Which would you choose?
A)a glutamate metabolizer
B)a dopamine metabolizer
C)a GABA antagonist
D)a norepinephrine antagonist

Accepted Answer

A GABA antagonist would have an excitatory effect on the nervous system because GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Blocking its action would reduce inhibitory signals, leading to increased neural activity.

Question 11

Describe the differing effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differing effects of the sympathetic...

Question 12

GABA and glutamate are similar in that they are found throughout the brain and are primarily inhibitory neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

GABA is primarily an inhibitory neurotransmitter, whereas glutamate is primarily an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Question 13

One of the main ways that drugs can affect neurotransmitter systems is by cutting off blood flow to a specific brain structure.

Accepted Answer

Cutting off blood flow to a specific brain structure is more likely to cause damage to that area of the brain, but drugs can affect neurotransmitter systems by binding to receptors or interfering with the reuptake or breakdown of neurotransmitters.

Question 14

The complex branching parts of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called dendrites.

Accepted Answer

Dendrites are the parts of a neuron that receive information from other neurons. They are characterized by their complex branching structure, which allows them to receive input from multiple sources.

Quiz 4: The Nervous System