Question 1

Weight change can be calculated by taking a person's Calorie difference from intake verses expenditure and dividing the difference by 3,500.

Accepted Answer

This is true. A calorie difference of 3,500 is equivalent to one pound of body weight. Therefore, dividing the calorie difference by 3,500 gives the amount of weight change.

Question 2

Clinical trials are a type of population study design.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

Logging physical activity is useful for monitoring the impact of exercise on one's fitness and health.

Accepted Answer

Keeping track of physical activity allows individuals to monitor progress towards their fitness goals and identify patterns or areas for improvement in their exercise routine. It can also provide important information for healthcare professionals in assessing overall health and recommending appropriate levels of physical activity.

Question 4

Resistive exercise targets the cardiovascular system.

Accepted Answer

Resistive exercise primarily targets the muscular and skeletal systems, not the cardiovascular system. However, it can still have some cardiovascular benefits if it raises heart rate and increases oxygen consumption.

Question 5

A scientific theory is accepted as scientific fact.

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is a well-supported explanation of a natural phenomenon that is based on empirical evidence and has undergone rigorous testing and analysis. It is not considered a fact, as theories can be revised, modified, or even completely overturned as new evidence or information becomes available. Therefore, a scientific theory can be considered a currently accepted explanation, but it is always subject to further investigation and refinement.

Question 6

As the intensity of an aerobic exercise increases,so does the working heart rate.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. As the intensity of an aerobic exercise increases, the body requires more oxygen to generate energy. The heart responds by pumping more blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, which increases the heart rate. Therefore, the working heart rate increases with the intensity of aerobic exercise.

Question 7

As fat mass increases in an obese person,fat cell hypertrophy and fat cell hyperplasia occur.

Accepted Answer

Fat cell hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of existing fat cells, while fat cell hyperplasia refers to an increase in the number of fat cells. Both processes occur as fat mass increases in an obese person.

Question 8

The state of energy balance is determined by subtracting the Calories expended from the Calories consumed.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of energy balance. It is calculated by subtracting the number of Calories expended (through physical activity and bodily processes) from the number of Calories consumed in food and drink. A positive energy balance occurs when more Calories are consumed than expended, resulting in weight gain, while a negative energy balance occurs when more Calories are expended than consumed, resulting in weight loss.

Question 9

The FIT classification for fitness is based on the frequency,intensity,and duration of weekly aerobic exercise.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The FIT classification for fitness is based on the frequency, intensity, and duration of weekly aerobic exercise.

Question 10

Science is enduring because scientists continue to ask questions and test by conducting experiments.

Accepted Answer

Science is a continuously evolving field where scientists ask questions, propose hypotheses, and test them through experiments. This process of constantly questioning and testing ensures that scientific knowledge is continually refined and updated, leading to reliable and enduring discoveries.

Question 11

The Mifflin-St.Jeor equation is used to determine a person's resting energy expenditure (REE).

Accepted Answer

The Mifflin-St.Jeor equation is indeed used to determine a person's resting energy expenditure (REE).

Question 12

Positive energy balance is associated with weight loss.

Accepted Answer

Positive energy balance means that you are consuming more calories than you are burning. This excess energy is stored in the body as fat, causing weight gain, not weight loss. A negative energy balance, where you are burning more calories than you consume, is needed for weight loss.

Question 13

The citric acid cycle is a critical part of the pathways needed to produce ATP.

Accepted Answer

The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and are essential in the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, it is a critical part of the pathways needed to produce ATP.

Question 14

Recovery nutrition should begin two hours after exercise.

Accepted Answer

Recovery nutrition should ideally begin within 30 to 45 minutes after exercise to help replenish glycogen stores and repair muscle tissue.

Question 15

The three goals for carbohydrate management for exercise performance include blood sugar stability and liver and muscle glycogen repletion.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate management for exercise performance typically includes the goals of maintaining blood sugar stability for sustained energy, as well as replenishing liver and muscle glycogen stores to support physical activity.

Question 16

Aerobic exercise targets the skeletal-muscular system.

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise primarily targets the cardiovascular system, improving heart and lung function, although it also involves the skeletal-muscular system to some extent.

Question 17

Energy balance is maintained when the Calories consumed equal the Calories expended.

Accepted Answer

Energy balance refers to the balance between the amount of Calories consumed through food and the amount of Calories expended through physical activity and bodily processes such as digestion and metabolism. When the Caloric intake and expenditure are equal, energy balance is achieved. This is necessary for maintaining a healthy body weight and preventing excessive weight gain or loss.

Question 18

Lifting at 80% of one's 1-rep-max increases muscular endurance.

Accepted Answer

Lifting at 80% of one's 1-rep-max primarily increases muscular strength, not endurance. Muscular endurance is better improved with lower weights and higher repetitions.

Question 19

Protein needs for a collegiate athlete are met by the adult DRI for protein.

Accepted Answer

Collegiate athletes often have higher protein needs than the general adult population due to the demands of their training and recovery processes, which may not be met by the standard Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein intended for non-athletic adults.

Question 20

The resting energy expenditure (REE)is a metabolic rate averaged over 24 hours.

Accepted Answer

Resting energy expenditure (REE) is the amount of energy or calories that a person burns while at rest, and is averaged over a 24-hour period. Therefore, the statement is true.

Quiz 4: The Science of Nutrition in Energy Balance, Body Composition,Weight Control,and Fitness