Question 1

With regard to how we feel about ourselves and our own accomplishments,which of the following would be the virtuous midpoint between moral deficiency and excess?

Accepted Answer

The virtuous midpoint between moral deficiency and excess with regards to how we feel about ourselves and our own accomplishments would be self-respect or proper pride. Arrogance would be the excessive extreme while servility would be the deficient extreme. Courage is not directly related to how we feel about ourselves and our accomplishments.

Question 2

Which of the following is a key Aristotelian idea that describes a midpoint between extremes of excess and deficiency?

Accepted Answer

The Golden Mean is a key Aristotelian idea that describes a midpoint between extremes of excess and deficiency. This idea suggests that the virtuous path lies in finding a balance between two extremes. It emphasizes the importance of moderation and avoiding extremes in behavior or thought.

Question 3

Which of the following is an approach to justice which focuses on repairing harms through processes involving the offender,victim,and community?

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice is an approach to justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused by crime through processes that involve the offender, the victim, and the community. The goal is to help victims heal, hold offenders accountable, and work to restore the relationships and community connections that were damaged by the crime. Selective enforcement, broken windows, and general deterrence are all different approaches to crime control and prevention that do not involve repairing harm through restorative processes.

Question 4

Part of the value of moral virtues is that they help us overcome tendencies to think,feel,and act in ways indifferent or harmful.In other words,we can think of virtues as:

Accepted Answer

Moral virtues are corrective because they help us overcome negative tendencies and habits. They enable us to act in ways that are good for both ourselves and society as a whole. Virtues such as honesty, compassion, courage, and temperance are necessary for moral and ethical behavior. Virtues are not irascible (meaning easily angered), servile (meaning submissive), or intrinsic (meaning inherent).

Question 5

According to Aristotle,human beings are different from all other living things because of our:

Accepted Answer

According to Aristotle, human beings are distinct from other living things because of our ability to reason and use rationality. This separates us from animals who act on instinct and cannot engage in complex thought processes. Therefore, option B is the best choice.

Question 6

When confronted with a moral dilemma,care ethics encourages us to consider:

Accepted Answer

Care ethics emphasizes that moral dilemmas involve relationships and interpersonal connections between individuals. This approach encourages us to consider the unique nuances of each situation, including the needs and interests of all involved parties. By taking into account situational factors and the potential consequences of our actions, we can make informed ethical decisions that prioritize the well-being of those who are affected. While considerations of duties, rights, and proportionality may also be relevant in some cases, care ethics offers a useful perspective for balancing these concerns with a focus on empathy and compassion.

Question 7

Virtue ethics holds character,actions,and consequences to be correlated,such that the presence of virtuous character often gives rise to right actions which lead to good consequences.

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics emphasizes the importance of developing virtuous character, which in turn leads to making morally right decisions and actions that bring about positive consequences. So, it holds that character, actions, and consequences are interrelated.

Question 8

Aristotle's ethics was teleological,meaning:

Accepted Answer

Teleological ethics, also known as consequentialist ethics, is a type of ethical theory that judges the morality of an action based on its consequences or outcome. Aristotle's ethics was based on the idea that good actions are those that lead to a good or desirable end or goal, rather than simply conforming to a set of rules or duties. Therefore, it was teleological in nature.

Question 9

For Aristotle,the ultimate purpose of human life is health and procreation.

Accepted Answer

According to Aristotle, the ultimate purpose of human life is eudaimonia, which can be translated as happiness or flourishing. Health and procreation may be seen as components of overall well-being, but they are not the ultimate purpose in themselves.

Question 10

"Character" is best understood as a collection or system of more specific character traits.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true as character is made up of various traits and qualities, including but not limited to honesty, loyalty, compassion, and diligence.

Question 11

Disloyalty,greed,mercilessness,prejudice,and intolerance are examples of:

Accepted Answer

Disloyalty, greed, mercilessness, prejudice, and intolerance are all negative traits that go against moral values and principles. They are therefore considered moral vices rather than virtues or other-directed traits.

Question 12

Which of the following frameworks encourages us to imagine alternative solutions to moral dilemmas,"focusing less on deciding between given alternatives" and,instead,"envisioning new alternatives" that we may not have initially considered?

Accepted Answer

Care ethics encourages us to imagine alternative solutions to moral dilemmas, focusing less on deciding between given alternatives and, instead, envisioning new alternatives that we may not have initially considered. This is because care ethics emphasizes the importance of relationships, empathy, and context in making moral decisions. Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics, on the other hand, focus more on determining the right action based on principles or consequences. Ethical egoism is a theory that suggests people should always act in their own self-interest.

Question 13

Which of the following would be considered biogenic needs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be considered...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the universal conditions of human flourishing outlined in your text?

Accepted Answer

The three universal conditions of human flourishing outlined in the text are cooperative relationships, fulfillment of basic needs, and connectedness with others. Pleasurable activity may contribute to human flourishing, but it is not one of the universal conditions outlined in the text.

Question 15

Which of the following types of programs seeks to bring victims and offenders together,promoting healthy interaction between them?

Accepted Answer

Victim-offender reconciliation programs seek to bring victims and offenders together in a safe and controlled environment to promote healthy communication and interaction between them. This includes activities such as facilitated conversations, mediation, and restitution agreements.

Question 16

Which of the following frameworks would be most likely to justify convicting an innocent person:

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism values the collective good over individual rights and may justify convicting an innocent person if it benefits the majority. This is known as the "ends justify the means" approach. However, it is important to note that most modern ethical frameworks would reject this justification for convicting an innocent person.

Question 17

Traits of character that dispose a person to act in a moral fashion are typically referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Traits of character that dispose a person to act in a moral fashion are typically referred to as virtues. Virtues are positive character traits such as honesty, integrity, and empathy, which enable individuals to make good ethical decisions and behave in a responsible and upright manner. The opposite of virtues are vices, which are negative character traits that lead individuals to act in a selfish, dishonest, or immoral way.

Question 18

Which of the following comes closest to what Aristotle regarded as the highest human good?

Accepted Answer

Aristotle believed that the highest human good was eudaimonia, which is often translated as "flourishing" or "well-being." He saw this as a holistic concept that encompassed all aspects of a person's life, including physical health, mental well-being, and moral character. While pleasure, avoidance of pain, and prosperity might all contribute to a person's well-being in some way, none of them captures the full range of what Aristotle meant by eudaimonia.

Question 19

Which of the following is a virtue commonly emphasized in criminal justice organizations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a virtue...

Question 20

Which of the following is a "tendency to behave in certain ways in certain circumstances?"

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed, character trait, virtue, and vice, describe tendencies to behave in certain ways under certain circumstances. Character traits can be neutral, virtues are positive traits, and vices are negative traits, but all influence behavior in specific situations.

Quiz 10: The Virtuous and the Vicious: Considering Character