Question 1

When legal issues have arisen out of foreign policy disputes between the president and Congress,the Supreme Court has generally

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has generally refused to intervene in legal issues arising out of foreign policy disputes between the president and Congress, citing the political question doctrine. This doctrine holds that certain disputes are better resolved not by the courts, but by other branches of government or by the people. As a result, the courts often defer to the political branches of government in matters of foreign policy.

Question 2

The decision to go to war is an example of __________ politics.

Accepted Answer

The decision to go to war is typically considered majoritarian politics because it involves a decision that affects the entire nation and usually requires broad public support or consensus.

Question 3

Which president ordered a blockade of southern ports?

Accepted Answer

President Abraham Lincoln ordered a blockade of southern ports during the American Civil War to prevent the Confederacy from receiving supplies and aid from foreign countries.

Question 4

When it comes to international diplomacy and the use of troops,the American president is

Accepted Answer

The American president generally holds significant power in matters of international diplomacy and the use of troops, regardless of which party controls Congress. This is because the Constitution grants the executive branch considerable authority in foreign affairs and as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Question 5

How many times have U.S.presidents sent troops abroad without the authorization of Congress?

Accepted Answer

U.S. presidents have sent troops abroad without the authorization of Congress more than one hundred times, often citing the need for quick action or national security interests.

Question 6

When entrepreneurial politics shapes foreign policy,the central political arena is

Accepted Answer

The answer of  When entrepreneurial politics shapes foreign policy,the central...

Question 7

Which president ordered a U.S.invasion of Panama to depose the dictator Manuel Noriega?

Accepted Answer

The president who ordered a U.S. invasion of Panama to depose the dictator Manuel Noriega was George H. W. Bush. This invasion, known as Operation Just Cause, took place in December 1989.

Question 8

A nuclear test ban treaty,the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)Alliance,and the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)are all examples of __________ politics.

Accepted Answer

These are examples of majoritarian politics, where policies are made with the broad support of the majority of the population or their representatives, often involving national or international security and defense agreements.

Question 9

In 1986,presidential aides sought to trade arms for U.S.hostages in Iran and then use some profits from the arms sales to support the anti-Marxist contras fighting in Nicaragua.Congress's investigation into the scandal reflected __________ politics.

Accepted Answer

The investigation into the Iran-Contra affair reflected entrepreneurial politics, where a small group of leaders or activists push for policy changes or investigations that may not have widespread public support initially.

Question 10

President __________ ordered the military to move Japanese Americans from their homes on the West Coast to "relocation centers."

Accepted Answer

Franklin Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 in 1942, which authorized the forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.

Question 11

U.S.tariffs on Japanese steel imports would be examples of __________ politics.

Accepted Answer

U.S. tariffs on Japanese steel imports would be an example of interest-group politics because the decision to impose tariffs is driven by the lobbying efforts of domestic steel producers who seek protection from foreign competition. It would not be majoritarian politics because tariffs on steel imports may not represent the views of the majority of Americans, but rather serve the interests of a specific industry. Entrepreneurial, client, and neo-institutional politics do not seem applicable to this situation.

Question 12

Edward Corwin describes the Constitution's treatment of the authority of the president and of Congress in foreign affairs as

Accepted Answer

Edward Corwin describes the Constitution's treatment of the authority of the president and Congress in foreign affairs as "an invitation to struggle." This refers to the fact that the Constitution does not clearly assign all foreign affairs power to either the president or Congress, leading to potential conflicts and power struggles between the two branches.

Question 13

The constitutional power to declare war and to regulate commerce with other nations is vested in

Accepted Answer

The power to declare war and regulate commerce with other nations is granted to the legislative branch of the government, which is Congress. This power is not given to the executive branch, which includes the president, State Department, and the Pentagon. Therefore, the correct answer is E, Congress.

Question 14

Alexis de Tocqueville suggested that the proper conduct of foreign affairs requires

Accepted Answer

Tocqueville argued that the qualities necessary for the conduct of foreign affairs, such as decisiveness, secrecy, and unity of purpose, are often those that democracies struggle with, as they tend to be more open, deliberative, and subject to public opinion and factional interests.

Question 15

The president usually takes the leading role on foreign policy issues that are matters of __________ politics.

Accepted Answer

Majoritarian politics typically involve issues that affect a large portion of the population and require broad public support, which is often the case with foreign policy decisions led by the president.

Question 16

George Kennan espoused which of the following worldviews?

Accepted Answer

George Kennan is most famous for advocating the policy of containment towards Soviet expansionism during the Cold War. While he did express concern for human rights, he believed that the primary goal of US foreign policy should be to contain the Soviet Union's influence and prevent its further expansion. He did not support isolationism or disengagement, instead arguing for an active, but carefully calculated, approach to foreign policy.

Question 17

An example of the relative weakness of U.S.presidents in foreign affairs,as compared with leaders of other nations,was

Accepted Answer

Wilson's failure to lead the United States into the League of Nations highlights the limited power of U.S.presidents in foreign affairs. Despite his efforts, Wilson faced significant opposition from isolationists in Congress, ultimately preventing the United States from joining the League of Nations and effectively limiting Wilson's ability to shape international relations. This example demonstrates how the Constitution's checks and balances can constrain the power of the president in foreign affairs.

Question 18

Al Qaeda means

Accepted Answer

Al Qaeda translates to "the base" in Arabic. It refers to the group's original function as a base for jihad against the Soviet Union during the Afghan War.

Question 19

A law passed in 1971 that (1)gave the president power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus in any state where ordinary law enforcement procedures were unavailable and (2)afforded people the right to sue officials who violated their rights,was enacted primarily to defeat

Accepted Answer

The law referred to is likely the Ku Klux Klan Act (part of the Civil Rights Act of 1871), which was primarily enacted to combat the Ku Klux Klan's (KKK) terrorism and protect the civil rights of African Americans during Reconstruction.

Question 20

When interest-group politics shapes foreign policy,the central political arena is

Accepted Answer

When interest-group politics shapes foreign policy, it is usually done through lobbying members of Congress to push for policies that align with their interests. Congress has the power to appropriate funds for foreign aid and military actions, ratify treaties, and oversee executive branch actions, making it a central political arena in foreign policy. While the State Department and the president play important roles in shaping foreign policy, they are not as directly influenced by interest groups as Congress. The United Nations and the courts also have limited roles in shaping foreign policy.

Quiz 19: Foreign and Military Policy Foreign and Military Policy