Question 1

Once witnesses have been identified,they should be separated from one another and,as much as possible,isolated from other people who may be nearby.Why?

Accepted Answer

Isolating witnesses helps ensure their accounts remain untainted by others' perspectives or irrelevant information, preserving the integrity of their testimony.

Question 2

In which case did the U.S.Supreme Court emphatically state that once a suspect has invoked the right to remain silent,interrogation must terminate?

Accepted Answer

In Michigan v. Mosley, the U.S. Supreme Court held that once a suspect has invoked the right to remain silent, the interrogation must stop immediately and cannot be resumed unless the suspect initiates further communication. This decision clarified that the right to remain silent is a "scrupulously honored" constitutional right that cannot be circumvented by continuing interrogation after the suspect has clearly invoked it.

Question 3

Which of the following factors affect a witness's perception?

Accepted Answer

All of the options can affect a witness's perception. Physical characteristics such as age, height, and race can influence how a witness perceives events. Emotional characteristics such as anxiety or stress can cause a witness to perceive events differently. Attitude can also have a significant impact on a witness's perception, as someone with a bias or preconceptions may interpret events differently than someone without those biases.

Question 4

Which factors influence a person's ability to give a complete account of an event or to identify people accurately?

Accepted Answer

All of the above factors can influence a person's ability to give a complete account of an event or to identify people accurately. The significance of an event can impact a person's memory, as can the length of the period of observation. Additionally, lack of ideal conditions, such as poor lighting or distractions, can also affect memory recall and accuracy.

Question 5

What are the possible responses when a suspect is asked if they wish to talk to the police?

Accepted Answer

All of the above choices are possible responses when a suspect is asked if they wish to talk to the police. It is important for individuals to understand their rights and make the best decision for their situation. Remaining silent or requesting an attorney are valid options to protect oneself from self-incrimination. Waiving their rights means they agree to talk to the police without the presence of an attorney and can potentially harm their case.

Question 6

As a rule,cold,sleepy,hungry,or physically uncomfortable persons prove to be

Accepted Answer

Cold, sleepy, hungry or physically uncomfortable persons are likely to be distracted, irritable or have impaired cognitive abilities, which can make their testimony unreliable. Therefore, they would be considered unsatisfactory witnesses.

Question 7

Which of the following is not one of the four commonly recognized objectives in the interrogation process?

Accepted Answer

The commonly recognized objectives in the interrogation process are to obtain valuable facts, to identify the guilty, to eliminate the innocent, and to obtain a confession. Identifying the innocent is not one of the objectives.

Question 8

It is important for interviewers/interrogators to provide a/an____________ for the witnesses and suspects that they are questioning.

Accepted Answer

Providing a comfortable environment for witnesses and suspects can help them feel more at ease, which may lead to more accurate and truthful information. Intimidating or stressful environments may cause individuals to feel threatened or defensive, leading to less reliable information.

Question 9

When conducting an interrogation,the interrogator should

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that few or no objects are between the interrogator and the suspect is important in order to establish a sense of physical dominance and control. Talking loudly and rudely could actually hinder the interrogation process by making the suspect defensive and less cooperative. Asking leading questions is considered unethical and can lead to false confessions.

Question 10

Which constitutional guarantees are addressed in the Escobedo and Miranda cases?

Accepted Answer

The Escobedo and Miranda cases both deal with the Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination and the Sixth Amendment's right-to-counsel guarantee. Escobedo expanded the right to counsel during police questioning, while Miranda established the requirement for police to inform suspects of their rights before interrogation.

Question 11

Which of the following are essential requirements for a person to be a credible witness?

Accepted Answer

The essential requirements for a person to be a credible witness include being present at the scene of the event, being conscious during the event, and being attentive to what happened. These factors ensure the witness had the opportunity to observe the event accurately. Age and criminal background are not universally required criteria for credibility.

Question 12

The primary purpose of a polygraph examination according to the textbook is to

Accepted Answer

The primary purpose of a polygraph examination is to determine if victims/witnesses are being truthful or untruthful about what they say.

Question 13

Which of the following is a required warning contained in the Miranda decision?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are required warnings contained in the Miranda decision. The suspect must be informed of their right to remain silent, their right to be told that anything they say can and will be used against them in court, and their right to consult with an attorney prior to answering any questions and to have that attorney present during interrogation. Failure to provide these warnings can result in any statements made by the suspect being inadmissible in court.

Question 14

Which of these behaviors are commonly observed when detecting deception?

Accepted Answer

People who are lying often swear to the truthfulness of their statements to convince others of their honesty.

Question 15

The personal qualifications of a witness that would prevent such an individual from testifying in a judicial case relate to that individual's

Accepted Answer

The personal qualifications that would prevent an individual from testifying in a judicial case relate to that individual's competency. Competency includes factors like the ability to understand and communicate about the events in question, not the individual's credibility, trustworthiness, or intelligence.

Question 16

The three most common findings by a polygraph examiner are

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three most common findings by a...

Question 17

Which of the following is a good characteristic of a traditional interrogation room?

Accepted Answer

A traditional interrogation room is typically sparsely furnished to minimize distractions and create a controlled environment for the interrogation process.

Question 18

What device denotes micro variations in the audible and non-audible portions of speech?

Accepted Answer

The device that denotes micro variations in the audible and non-audible portions of speech is a Computer Voice Stress Analysis. This technology is used to measure changes in frequency in the voice that can indicate stress, which can be helpful in lie detection or assessing emotional states. The other options listed do not specifically relate to measuring variations in speech.

Question 19

The best form of documenting an interview is

Accepted Answer

Electronic sound or sound and visual recordings provide the most accurate and complete record of an interview, as it captures not only the words spoken but also the nuances of tone, inflection, and body language. This can be valuable for future reference or analysis, and can also serve as evidence in legal proceedings. Reliance on memory or notes can be unreliable, leading to omissions or inaccuracies, while a handwritten and signed statement prepared by the witness may leave out important details or be subject to disputes over its authenticity.

Question 20

The test for the validity and admissibility of a confession or admission is its

Accepted Answer

The voluntariness of a confession or admission is the key factor in determining its validity and admissibility in court. The confession must be given freely and voluntarily, without coercion or inducement, and the defendant must have had a full understanding of the consequences of his or her actions. The Miranda requirements and the fruits of the poisonous tree doctrine are also important, but they are not the primary test for the validity and admissibility of a confession. The compliance with Escobedo is not relevant to this question, as that case dealt with the right to counsel during police interrogations.

Quiz 5: Interviewing and Interrogation