Question 1

The category of economist that has taken the middle ground in the debate about economic growth, and believes in fine-tuning economic systems and tools, is the

Accepted Answer

Environmental economists take a middle ground by integrating ecological concerns with economic analysis, aiming to fine-tune systems to achieve sustainable growth.

Question 2

Between 1950 and 2004 we can say that:

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, the per capita GDP rose sharply while the per capita GPI stayed flat between 1950 and 2004.

Question 3

Excluding the external costs from the prices of goods and services

Accepted Answer

Excluding external costs from the prices of goods and services hides these costs from the consumer, hindering their ability to make informed decisions about their purchases. It also promotes pollution and resource waste by not incentivizing companies to reduce their negative impacts on the environment. As a result, it hinders the development of green goods and services that could benefit both the environment and consumers.

Question 4

If a company changes from selling a product to eco-leasing the product, we can say that:

Accepted Answer

Eco-leasing is a form of service-flow economy where companies lease products and take responsibility for repairing and maintaining them, instead of selling and disposing of them when they are no longer useful. This approach encourages the company to design longer-lasting products and reduces waste while providing continued revenue streams.

Question 5

Which type of economist views economic systems as subsystems of the biosphere that depend heavily on irreplaceable natural resources?

Accepted Answer

Ecological economists view economic systems as subsystems of the biosphere that depend heavily on irreplaceable natural resources. Neoclassical economists focus more on individual behavior and market forces, while environmental economists study the intersection of economic and environmental issues but may not necessarily emphasize the interdependence of economic systems and natural resources to the extent that ecological economists do.

Question 6

Green taxes or ecotaxes

Accepted Answer

Green taxes or ecotaxes can be administered by existing tax agencies, help bring about full-cost pricing, encourage businesses to develop environmentally beneficial technologies, and discourage pollution. Therefore, all of these answers are correct.

Question 7

Which of the following is not an external cost of driving a domestic car?

Accepted Answer

The cost of manufacture is an internal cost that is already factored into the price of the car. The other options (air pollution and litter, highway accidents, health costs, hazardous wastes produced by car exhaust) are external costs that are not factored into the price of the car, but are instead passed on to society as a whole.

Question 8

Goods and services are produced by

Accepted Answer

Goods and services are produced by the combination of natural, human, and manufactured capital. Natural capital includes resources such as land, water, and trees. Human capital includes the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals who produce goods and services. Manufactured capital includes the physical goods and infrastructure used in production, such as machinery and buildings. Therefore, all three types of capital are necessary for the production of goods and services.

Question 9

From the environmental perspective, it will help to stabilize population growth in developing countries as soon as possible because

Accepted Answer

Poverty has numerous harmful effects on health and the environment, which are exacerbated in developing countries. Additionally, poverty is one of the major causes of environmental problems we face, and polluting activities are more common in developing countries. Therefore, stabilizing population growth in these countries is important to mitigate these issues.

Question 10

The cap-and-trade program for regulating air pollutants by the U.S. government is an example of

Accepted Answer

The cap-and-trade program is an incentive-based regulation, as it encourages companies to reduce their emissions of air pollutants by creating a market for emissions allowances that can be bought or sold. Companies that reduce their emissions can sell their unused allowances to other companies, creating a financial incentive to reduce pollution. This is different from command and control regulation, which sets specific limits or requirements on companies without providing any economic incentives. Full-cost pricing and service-flow regulation are not relevant to this program.

Question 11

Which of the following countries have not phased out all coal subsidies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following countries have not...

Question 12

If a leased Xerox machine's lease expires, the company

Accepted Answer

When a leased Xerox machine's lease expires, Xerox takes the machine back for reuse or re-manufacture. This is in line with Xerox's commitment to sustainability and reducing waste. Xerox has a program called Xerox Green World Alliance, which collects used toner cartridges, imaging units and other parts for reuse in manufacturing new Xerox machines.

Question 13

Full-cost pricing

Accepted Answer

Full-cost pricing includes environmental and health costs in the price of goods, which can lead to improved human health by reducing pollution and encouraging sustainable practices.

Question 14

Chattanooga's environmental success story is an example of how

Accepted Answer

The success story of Chattanooga's environmental restoration involved a collaborative effort between government, business, and the community, demonstrating how a combination of ethics, economics, and politics can solve environmental problems.

Question 15

The ecological economist believes that conventional economic growth will eventually

Accepted Answer

The ecological economist believes that conventional economic growth will eventually become unsustainable because it will deplete natural capital. The focus of ecological economics is on the long-term sustainability of the economy while balancing ecological, social, and economic considerations.

Question 16

The view that natural resources are important but not indispensable is held by

Accepted Answer

Neoclassical economists uphold the view that natural resources are important but not indispensable. They believe that if a particular resource becomes scarce or expensive, markets will adjust and alternatives will be found. This perspective often leads to a focus on technological progress and innovation as a means of overcoming resource scarcity.

Question 17

Proponents of a tax shift that transfers taxes from income and wealth to pollution and environmental degradation point out that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proponents of a tax shift that transfers...

Question 18

Since 1989

Accepted Answer

The answer of Since 1989
...

Question 19

Full-cost pricing

Accepted Answer

Full-cost pricing involves making the market price reflect the true cost of economic goods, including environmental and social costs.

Question 20

In a market-based economic system, economic decisions about prices are made by

Accepted Answer

In a market-based economic system, prices are primarily determined by the forces of supply and demand. As the supply of a good or service increases, prices tend to decrease, while as the demand for a good or service increases, prices tend to rise. This means that producers and consumers together determine market prices through their individual buying and selling decisions, rather than the government or other external factors.

Quiz 17: Environmental Economics, Politics, and Worldviews

The category of economist that has taken the middle ground in the debate about economic growth, and believes in fine-tuning economic systems and tools, is the

Between 1950 and 2004 we can say that:

Excluding the external costs from the prices of goods and services

If a company changes from selling a product to eco-leasing the product, we can say that:

Which type of economist views economic systems as subsystems of the biosphere that depend heavily on irreplaceable natural resources?

Green taxes or ecotaxes

Which of the following is not an external cost of driving a domestic car?

Goods and services are produced by

From the environmental perspective, it will help to stabilize population growth in developing countries as soon as possible because

The cap-and-trade program for regulating air pollutants by the U.S. government is an example of

Which of the following countries have not phased out all coal subsidies?

If a leased Xerox machine's lease expires, the company

Full-cost pricing

Chattanooga's environmental success story is an example of how

The ecological economist believes that conventional economic growth will eventually

The view that natural resources are important but not indispensable is held by

Proponents of a tax shift that transfers taxes from income and wealth to pollution and environmental degradation point out that:

Since 1989

Full-cost pricing

In a market-based economic system, economic decisions about prices are made by