Question 1

_____ is an abnormal redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow and dilated blood vessels close to the skin's surface.

Accepted Answer

Erythema is characterized by a redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow and dilated blood vessels close to the skin's surface. Cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin due to decreased oxygenation, jaundice is a yellowing of the skin caused by the accumulation of bilirubin, and pallor refers to a paleness of the skin caused by a decreased amount of blood flow.

Question 2

Warts are caused by infection with the _____.

Accepted Answer

Warts are caused by infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV).

Question 3

A _____, or hive, is a localized elevation in the skin that is often accompanied by itching.

Accepted Answer

A wheal, also known as a hive or welt, is a localized elevation in the skin that is often accompanied by itching. Macules are flat, discolored spots on the skin, papules are raised bumps, and vesicles are small fluid-filled sacs.

Question 4

Impetigo is an acute, highly contagious _____ skin infection that occurs mainly among infants and children.

Accepted Answer

Impetigo is caused by bacteria, specifically Streptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 5

_____ is a yellow discoloration of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by bile accumulation in the skin.

Accepted Answer

Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by excess bilirubin accumulation in the skin. Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by reduced oxygen saturation in the blood. Erythema is a redness of the skin caused by dilation of the blood vessels. Pallor is paleness of the skin caused by reduced blood flow or decreased amounts of oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 6

_____ glands secrete an oily substance into the hair follicles and onto the surface of the skin.

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, which is an oily substance that is secreted into hair follicles and onto the surface of the skin. Sebum helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair, and it also helps to protect against infection. Adipose glands are responsible for storing fat in the body, while eccrine and apocrine glands are responsible for producing sweat.

Question 7

A _____, or freckle, is a discolored spot of the skin.

Accepted Answer

A macule is a flat, colored spot on the skin such as a freckle. Papules, vesicles, and wheals all refer to different types of skin lesions or bumps.

Question 8

Adipose tissue or fat cells in the _____ tissue help insulate the body from heat and cold.

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue or fat cells are found in the subcutaneous tissue, which is the layer of tissue located beneath the skin. These cells help to insulate the body from heat and cold by providing a layer of insulation between the environment and the body. The dermis and epidermis are layers of the skin, but they do not contain adipose tissue. The subdermis is not a recognized anatomical term.

Question 9

Tinea _____ affects smooth areas of the skin on the arms, legs, and body.

Accepted Answer

Tinea corporis, also known as ringworm, affects smooth areas of the skin on the arms, legs, and body. Tinea capitis affects the scalp, tinea cruris affects the groin area, and tinea pedis affects the feet.

Question 10

The cause of folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles is usually the _____.

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus aureus is the common cause of folliculitis (infection of hair follicles), furuncles (boils), and carbuncles (clusters of boils). Herpes simplex virus causes cold sores and genital herpes, human papilloma virus causes warts, and Trichophyton rubrum causes fungal infections such as athlete's foot and nail infections.

Question 11

The herpes virus remains inactive in _____ cells until something triggers the virus to become active again.

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can remain dormant in specific nerve cells called sensory ganglia until reactivation. When reactivation happens, the virus travels back down the nerve pathways to the skin, where painful blisters and sores can occur.

Question 12

Tinea _____, or athlete's foot, is the most common type of tinea worldwide.

Accepted Answer

Tinea pedis, or athlete's foot, is a fungal infection that affects the feet, and it is the most common type of tinea worldwide. Tinea capitis affects the scalp, tinea corporis affects the body, and tinea cruris affects the groin area.

Question 13

Folliculitis is a superficial _____ infection of the hair follicles.

Accepted Answer

Folliculitis is caused by bacterial infection of the hair follicles.

Question 14

The prevalence of epidermoid cysts is not known, but they are the most common _____ cyst.

Accepted Answer

Epidermoid cysts are also known as sebaceous cysts and are located within the skin, specifically in the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. Therefore, they are classified as cutaneous cysts. They are not found in the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, or subdermal layers of the skin.

Question 15

_____ is pale skin caused by decreased blood flow.

Accepted Answer

Pallor is defined as pale skin caused by decreased blood flow. Cyanosis is a bluish tint to the skin caused by decreased oxygen levels in the blood. Erythema is redness of the skin caused by inflammation or increased blood flow. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin caused by buildup of bilirubin in the blood.

Question 16

_____ is blue tint to the skin, caused by a deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis is a condition where the skin appears blue due to insufficient oxygen in the bloodstream. Erythema refers to redness of the skin caused by inflammation, while jaundice is a yellowish tint caused by a buildup of bilirubin. Pallor refers to paleness of the skin due to a lack of blood flow.

Question 17

A _____, or pimple, is a solid, elevated area on the skin.

Accepted Answer

A papule is a small, solid, elevated area on the skin that is less than 1 cm in diameter. It is not filled with fluid, unlike a vesicle or blister. A macule is a flat, discolored area on the skin, while a wheal is a raised area that is usually reddish and itchy, caused by an allergic reaction or insect bite.

Question 18

A _____, or blister, is a small, fluid-filled sac.

Accepted Answer

A vesicle is a small, fluid-filled sac or blister. A macule is a flat, discolored spot on the skin, a papule is a small, raised bump, and a wheal is a raised, reddish, and itchy area of the skin.

Question 19

_____ warts grow inward on the soles of the feet, forming hard, thick patches of skin with dark specks.

Accepted Answer

Plantar warts specifically grow inward on the soles of the feet and have a distinct appearance of hard, thick patches of skin with dark specks. Common warts can appear on the hands or other parts of the body, filiform warts have a threadlike or fingerlike appearance and periungual warts are found around or under the nails.

Question 20

Erysipelas is a superficial _____ infection of the skin.

Accepted Answer

Erysipelas is caused by a bacterial infection, typically by group A Streptococcus, which affects the upper layers of the skin.

Quiz 17: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System