Question 1

Compared to other animals, the human brain is very large at birth, but it is also __________.

Accepted Answer

The human brain is relatively immature at birth, meaning that it continues to develop and change drastically during childhood and adolescence. This is in contrast to other animals, whose brains are often more fully developed at birth.

Question 2

Which of the following is the most appropriate method to soothe an infant who is teething?

Accepted Answer

The use of a teething ring, a cold wet washcloth, or topical pain relievers are safe and effective methods to soothe an infant who is teething. Frozen popsicles are not recommended as they can be a choking hazard and may contain added sugars. Children's acetaminophen or ibuprofen should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. The use of a cotton ball soaked in whiskey is not a safe or appropriate method and should never be used.

Question 3

Growth and development in infancy proceeds from the head downward, which is known as the __________.

Accepted Answer

The head-to-toe or head-to-foot pattern of growth and development in infants is known as the cephalocaudal principle. It refers to the fact that development typically begins with the head, including the brain and sensory organs, and then gradually progresses downward to the rest of the body, such as the limbs and torso. The other answer choices are not accurate descriptions of this principle.

Question 4

In animals, quite a bit of brain development occurs prenatally.When does this same brain development occur in human infants?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In animals, quite a bit of brain...

Question 5

Which statement bests describes the proximodistal growth pattern?
a.The proximodistal growth pattern is the principle of development in which growth begins at the top, or the head, and proceeds down toward the rest of the body.
b.The proximodistal growth pattern is the principle of development in which growth proceeds from the middle of the body outward toward the extremities.
c.The proximodistal growth pattern is the principle of development in which specialization of certain body parts occurs before lateralization.
d.The proximodistal growth pattern in the principle of development in which body parts used most frequently develop in an accelerated rate compared to those body parts used less frequently.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement bests describes the proximodistal growth...

Question 6

As the first teeth break through the skin of the gums, and in the weeks before this happens, most babies experience discomfort and pain called __________.

Accepted Answer

Teething is the specific term for the discomfort and pain experienced by babies as their first teeth begin to break through the gums. Gumming, eruption, and enameling are not correct terms for this particular process.

Question 7

Zuni has a 6-month-old daughter who has been a really good baby, but now she is irritable and reluctant to bottle-feed.She thinks that she is doing something wrong as a mother.You tell her that her daughter is __________.

Accepted Answer

Irritability and reluctance to feed are common symptoms of teething in infants around 6 months of age. It is a normal developmental process and not indicative of a problem with parenting.

Question 8

In the first year of life, infants accumulate fat, which helps the infant __________.

Accepted Answer

Infants accumulate fat as a form of insulation to help them maintain a constant body temperature, as they are not yet able to regulate their body temperature effectively.

Question 9

A couple of months ago, your friend's baby was sleeping through the night.Now she is waking up quite a bit at night.This is not only frustrating but concerning.She knew that you took a developmental course and wants to know if you have any ideas.What do you tell her?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A couple of months ago, your friend's...

Question 10

On average, an infant will weigh about ___________ at 1 year of age.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the average weight of a 1-year-old is around 22 pounds. However, it is important to note that this can vary depending on factors such as genetics, nutrition, and overall health.

Question 11

Maxie, who is 7 months old, drools heavily, coughs frequently, and gnaws on her hands every chance she gets.Which of the following likely explains Maxie's behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Drooling, frequent coughing, and gnawing on hands are all common signs of teething in infants.

Question 12

The production of neurons starts __________ of prenatal development and most are produced __________ of prenatal development.

Accepted Answer

The production of neurons starts around week 3 of prenatal development and most are produced by week 7, which is considered the middle of prenatal development. Option A is incorrect as the production of neurons doesn't start in week 1. Option B is incorrect as it mentions most neurons are produced in the beginning of prenatal development, which is not true. Option D is incorrect as it mentions most neurons are produced by the middle of prenatal development, which is not accurate.

Question 13

When do infants usually get their first tooth?

Accepted Answer

Infants usually get their first tooth between 5-9 months of age. However, it is important to note that there is a wide variation in the timing of teething and some infants may get their first tooth earlier or later than this range.

Question 14

Your aunt and uncle are worried.Your cousin is 7 months old and does not have a tooth yet.What would you tell your aunt and uncle?

Accepted Answer

It is perfectly normal for infants to start teething anywhere between the 5th and 9th months, so there is no need to worry. Option A is not true and would only cause unnecessary anxiety. Option C is incorrect, as cow's milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year old. Option D is also incorrect, as each child's tooth growth can vary, and there is no set time for when a baby should get their first tooth.

Question 15

Why do babies who are getting new teeth bite?

Accepted Answer

Biting helps to relieve the pain and discomfort caused by teething.

Question 16

Helena first developed the ability to control her head.She then could sit up unassisted and eventually could walk.This progression of motor development is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The cephalocaudal principle describes the pattern of growth and development that occurs from the head down. This principle explains how infants first gain control over their head and neck muscles, then their upper body and arms, followed by their lower body and legs, which is consistent with Helena's developmental progression.

Question 17

At birth, the size of an infant's brain is __________% of an adult's brain, and by age 2 it is __________% of an adult's brain.

Accepted Answer

At birth, the size of an infant's brain is about 25% of an adult's brain, and by age 2 it is about 70% of an adult's brain. This indicates that the brain undergoes substantial growth and development in the first two years of life. Option C is the only choice with the correct percentage values.

Question 18

During the first year of life, height increases at a rate of about __________.

Accepted Answer

Height increases at a rate of about 1 inch per month during the first year of life.

Question 19

By the end of his or her first year, the typical infant __________.

Accepted Answer

The typical infant triples his or her body weight by the end of the first year. This is an important milestone in growth and development, and reflects the rapid pace at which infants grow and develop during this period. It is important for parents and caregivers to monitor infants' growth and nutrition during the first year to ensure that they are meeting their needs and developing properly.

Question 20

Lorenzo first develops the ability to control his chest, then his arms, then his hands, and finally his fingers.This progression of motor development is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The proximodistal principle of motor development states that control of the body develops from the inside out, with the trunk and torso being the first to gain control, followed by the limbs, and finally the fingers and hands. This aligns with Lorenzo's development of control over his chest, arms, hands, and fingers. Therefore, the best choice is D) proximodistal principle.

Quiz 4: Infancy