Question 1

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are

Accepted Answer

Sex pili are hollow tubes connecting one bacterium to another for DNA transfer.

Question 2

All protists

Accepted Answer

Protists all have nuclei.

Question 3

The complex polysaccharide component of cell walls of bacteria is

Accepted Answer

Most bacterial cell walls contain abundant peptidoglycan.

Question 4

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is extremely salty is a(n)

Accepted Answer

"Halo-" means "salt."

Question 5

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes are critical to the cycling of chemical elements from one living thing to another and between living things and nonliving things.

Question 6

In prokayotes,the structure that assembles proteins by using information in RNA a(an)

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes exist in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, though these two types of cells have different-sized ribosomes.

Question 7

Prokaryotes lack which feature?

Accepted Answer

The name "prokaryote" implies a lack of a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 8

The domain (domains)that contain prokaryotes is (are)

Accepted Answer

While there is one domain for eukaryotes, there are two for prokaryotes.

Question 9

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Accepted Answer

Many helpful bacteria live in and on the human body, and disease can occur when other bacteria take their places.

Question 10

Autotrophs must acquire carbon from organic molecules produced from other organisms.

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs make their own organic molecules.

Question 11

The region of a prokaryotic cell where the bacterial chromosome (DNA)is located is the

Accepted Answer

A nucleoid is something like a nucleus without a nuclear membrane around it.

Question 12

Because archaea were first found in environments that lacked oxygen or were very hot,acidic,or salty,they were nicknamed "extremophiles."

Accepted Answer

Archaea can be found in a wide range of environments, but all of them tend to be extreme in some aspect of chemistry or temperature.

Question 13

You are examining samples from a site in a dry pond that alternates between freezing cold winters and hot dry summers.When you find dormant thick-walled structures,you suspect that these are from bacteria and are

Accepted Answer

Endospores are some of the most durable dormant living structures known.

Question 14

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

Endospores can lie dormant for very long periods.

Question 15

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered

Accepted Answer

"Facultative" implies an ability to live under a condition, while a requirement for something involves the term "obligate."

Question 16

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is characterized by extreme heat (above 50°C)is a(n)

Accepted Answer

"Thermophile" literally means "heat lover."

Question 17

DNA that is circular and apart from the chromosome in a prokaryote is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Plasmids are small, circular pieces of extra DNA possessed by many bacteria.

Question 18

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the

Accepted Answer

Cell walls are found among both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but their chemical composition varies widely among those groups.

Question 19

The three most common shapes of bacteria are

Accepted Answer

The three most common shapes for bacterial cells are spiral, spherical, and rod-like.

Question 20

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to humans when treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics target prokaryotic features, leaving eukaryotic cells with minimal effects.

Quiz 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life