Question 1

One afternoon Amanda could not remember where she left her purse. In the evening while laughing at a joke one of her friends told, she remembered putting her purse under the couch during a comedy show she saw on T.V. two nights ago. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of One afternoon Amanda could not remember where...

Question 2

A student taking a multiple-choice exam generally relies on the ______ memory task.

Accepted Answer

Multiple-choice exams require the student to recognize the correct answer among a set of options presented. This is a form of recognition memory, where the individual must identify the correct answer from among other options. Paired association, recall, and relearning are all different types of memory tasks that are not as directly relevant to taking a multiple-choice exam.

Question 3

Evidence from a number of studies demonstrates that recall is __________ when the person is tested in a place different from where the material was learned in the first place. These findings illustrate the significance of __________ memory.

Accepted Answer

The evidence from a number of studies suggests that recall is worse when the person is tested in a place different from where the material was learned (context-dependent). This illustrates the significance of context-dependent memory.

Question 4

In the effects of mood on memory, a happy mood may evoke happy memories, and a sad mood may evoke sad memories. What do these effects illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The effects of mood on memory illustrate state-dependent memory, as the mood state serves as a contextual cue for the retrieval of memories that have a congruent emotional valence.

Question 5

Flashbulb memories seem vivid for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

While flashbulb memories can be vivid and long-lasting, the idea that they are photographic or exact is a myth. In reality, the brain still relies on encoding, storage, and retrieval processes to form and maintain memories, even if those memories are highly emotional or personally significant.

Question 6

Remembering nonsense syllables is difficult because they are meaningless and require

Accepted Answer

The answer of Remembering nonsense syllables is difficult because they...

Question 7

Brooke drinks so much coffee that she feels jittery while she is studying for her exam. Under these circumstances, what might Brooke do just before the exam to increase her recall?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brooke drinks so much coffee that she...

Question 8

Evan met Lesley at a party last week. He sees her again a few weeks after their first meeting. He knows that he knows her name but just can't retrieve the information. What is this experience referred to as?

Accepted Answer

The experience of knowing a piece of information but being unable to retrieve it is known as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. This is a common occurrence with names and is often temporary. Mnemonic failure refers to the inability to remember information that was never learned or encoded properly. Consolidation refers to the process of solidifying memories over time, and déjà vu refers to the feeling of experiencing something familiar that is actually new.

Question 9

A(n) __________ is formed in long-term memory by organizing information into groups of classes according to common or distinct features.

Accepted Answer

This is referring to the concept of a hierarchy, in which information is organized into a structure with broader categories at the top and more specific subcategories below. This helps make the information easier to remember and retrieve in the future. None of the other options accurately describe this process.

Question 10

Which of the following is True regarding long-term memory organization?

Accepted Answer

All three statements are true. Long-term memory is typically well-organized, and individuals often use a hierarchical structure to organize information. Categorization is a basic cognitive function used to store information efficiently.

Question 11

What is the memory task for most of the items in a multiple-choice test, such as the one you are taking?

Accepted Answer

The memory task for most of the items in a multiple-choice test is recognition. This means that the test-taker is presented with options and must recognize which one is the correct answer. Recall, on the other hand, would require the test-taker to generate the answer from memory without any cues or options. Relearning refers to the process of learning something that was previously learned but forgotten, and feeling of knowing refers to the sense that one knows the answer even if they cannot recall it at the moment.

Question 12

Jennie returned to her elementary school when she was visiting her parents from her home in a distant city. When she came to the school playground swing set, she suddenly remembered being thrown off a swing and breaking her arm. Jennie was experiencing a

Accepted Answer

Jennie's memory was triggered by the context or surroundings of the school playground, which she associated with her past experience of being thrown off a swing, indicating context-dependent memory.

Question 13

Who pioneered the classic studies that first made use of nonsense syllables in the study of forgetting and memory?

Accepted Answer

Hermann Ebbinghaus was the first to use nonsense syllables in his classic studies on forgetting and memory. He invented over 2,000 nonsense syllables and tested his own ability to recall them over time. His findings were groundbreaking in the study of memory and laid the foundation for future research in the field.

Question 14

Using the hierarchical structure of your long-term memory of the nervous system you are able to

Accepted Answer

The hierarchical structure of long-term memory allows for the organization and retrieval of information based on its category and relationship to other information. Therefore, all three choices are correct and can be easily recalled through this hierarchical structure.

Question 15

Detective Rawlings asked Harry, a witness to a mugging, to mentally reconstruct the details of the incident before showing him the suspects in the line-up. In having Harry place himself at the scene of the crime, what principle was Rawlings using to facilitate accurate identification?

Accepted Answer

Rawlings was using the principle of context-dependent memory, which suggests that recall is easier when the individual is in the same environment or context as when the memory was formed. By having Harry mentally reconstruct the details of the incident, he was placing himself back in the context of the crime, which would enhance his ability to accurately identify the suspects in the line-up. The other answer choices either don't relate to the situation presented, or are not applicable to memory recall in this scenario.

Question 16

Zelda is trying to remember the name of the actor who played the lead in the film Titanic. She recalls the actor's appearance and what his name sounds like but just cannot come up with his name. What is Zelda experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Zelda is experiencing the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon, which is the feeling of knowing information but not being able to retrieve it from memory. In this case, she has the general feeling and sound of the actor's name, but cannot retrieve it from her memory.

Question 17

In taking the position that only fill-in-the-blank tests are suitable for testing the knowledge of students, what is Professor Terry mainly interested in measuring?

Accepted Answer

By stating that only fill-in-the-blank tests are suitable for testing student knowledge, Professor Terry is emphasizing the importance of recall, or the ability to retrieve previously learned information from memory, as opposed to recognition (identification of correct answers from a list of options) or relearning (learning information that has already been previously learned).

Question 18

Jill prefers to study for tests in the classroom where the tests are taken. This shows Jill understands the effect of ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

Jill's preference indicates that her memory is context-dependent, which means her ability to recall information is improved when she is in the same environment where she originally learned it.

Question 19

One conclusion of Brown and McNeil's classic study of the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon (TOT) is that the participants tended to store the information in LTM according to

Accepted Answer

Brown and McNeil's study found that the participants tended to store the information in LTM according to both semantic (meaning-based) and acoustic (sound-based) codes. They found little evidence to support the use of visual codes or mnemonic devices in storing the information for TOTs. Therefore, choice C, which includes both semantic and acoustic codes, is the best option.

Question 20

In preparing for the 40th high school reunion, Jill and Ed correctly identified 75% of their classmates from a pile of old photos that contained classmates and students from other years. Their memory task was based on

Accepted Answer

Recognition involves identifying information that has been previously learned from options that are presented. In this case, Jill and Ed were identifying their classmates from a pile of photos, meaning they were recognizing their classmates rather than recalling them from memory.

Quiz 6: Memory: Remembrance of Things Past--And Future