In Southern states, African-Americans' disproportionate contact with the criminal justice system began

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African-Americans' disproportionate contact with the criminal justice system began after the Civil War in Southern states, where black codes and discriminatory laws were enacted to control and oppress newly freed slaves. This led to a cycle of poverty, lack of access to education and economic opportunities, and increased policing and incarceration of black people. While the war on drugs and President Johnson's war on crime did contribute to the mass incarceration of African-Americans, the roots of the problem lie in the legacy of slavery and systemic racism in the United States.

In Southern States, African-Americans' Disproportionate Contact with the Criminal Justice