Question 1

Which of the following factors will influence a client's stroke volume and cardiac output? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

The four factor that influence a client's stroke volume and cardiac output are preload (the amount of pressure within the ventricles),afterload (resistance of blood ejection from the ventricles),contractility (the strength of cardiac contraction),and heart rate (the number of beats per minute).

Question 2

Client teaching in Raynaud's disease should include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Client teaching in Raynaud's disease should include avoiding decongestants,caffeine,exposure to cold,repetitive hand movements,and stressful situations.

Question 3

If a positive Homans' sign is detected during assessment,the nurse should not perform this assessment again until a clot has been ruled out for which reason?

Accepted Answer

Nursing management focuses on improving the client's tissue perfusion,reducing pain and anxiety,and monitoring vascular status.Once the client has a positive Homans' sign,the assessment should not be performed again,to decrease the risk of causing an embolus.Nurses should also be alert to the prevention of any type of phlebitis or thrombosis in high-risk clients (e.g. ,postoperative clients and those receiving intravenous therapy).

Question 4

Which of the following statements about Buerger's disease is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Buerger's disease is an inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries and veins,that leads to vascular obstruction.It occurs primarily in men between the ages of 20 and 40 years of Israeli,Indian,or Asian descent.

Question 5

During a client's routine physical examination,an aortic aneurysm is detected.The client is distressed and says,"I know this is wrong because I don't have any symptoms or problems!" Which of these responses should the nurse make?

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of aneurysms depend on the location.Aneurysms are often asymptomatic until they start leaking or pressing on other structures.

Question 6

Primary Raynaud's disease is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Raynaud's disease or primary Raynaud's disease is characterized by intermittent spasm of the digital arteries and arterioles,which results in decreased circulation to fingers and toes.Sometimes the tip of the nose and ears are also affected.

Question 7

Client education for a client who has hypertension (HTN)would include avoiding which of the following foods?

Accepted Answer

Medical management of HTN is directed toward keeping the client's blood pressure within normal limits.A diet that is low in fat,cholesterol,and sodium is advised,along with a regular aerobic exercise program.

Question 8

Discharge teaching for the client recuperating from thrombophlebitis would include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Nursing management focuses on improving the client's tissue perfusion,reducing pain and anxiety,and monitoring vascular status.Discharge teaching should include instructing the client to elevate both legs when sitting,avoid crossing legs when sitting,encourage ambulation,and take in adequate fluids.

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension (HTN)the stepped-care approach to keeping blood pressure within normal limits.Which of the following is part of the first step in this regimen?

Accepted Answer

Medical management of HTN is directed toward keeping the client's blood pressure within normal limits.A stepped-care regimen is initiated,beginning with dietary and lifestyle modifications;the client's response to this step determines whether additional steps will be required.Medications such as diuretics or beta blockers are added as the second step;subsequent steps involve adding other medications or increasing dosages of initial medications if the client's blood pressure does not respond.A diet that is low in fat,cholesterol,and sodium is advised,along with a regular aerobic exercise program.

Question 10

Risk factors for hypertension (HTN)include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Risk factors for HTN include lack of exercise,obesity,high-fat or high-sodium diet,smoking,stress,alcohol intake,and oral contraceptive.The nurse should also be alert to clients (e.g. ,African Americans and American Indians)who are at risk for developing HTN and encourage them to have their blood pressure checked frequently,because HTN can be asymptomatic.

Question 11

Nursing interventions for the client with hypertension (HTN)would include all of the following.Which would increase client satisfaction and compliance with the prescribed treatment regimen?

Accepted Answer

Nursing management focuses on teaching the client and family how to take the client's blood pressure,encouraging necessary changes in lifestyle,and recommending dietary modifications.If medications are prescribed,the client and family need additional instructions about the medications and their side effects.The nurse should also be alert to clients (e.g. ,African Americans and American Indians)who are at risk for developing HTN and encourage them to have their blood pressure checked frequently,because HTN can be asymptomatic.

Question 12

Prior to elective surgery to repair an aneurysm,which of the following studies may be done?

Accepted Answer

Before elective surgery,the status of the client's carotid arteries and peripheral vessels checked with Doppler ultrasound.

Question 13

Ninety-five percent (95%)of clients with hypertension (HTN)have essential HTN,which means that the cause of the HTN is:

Accepted Answer

Primary HTN (essential HTN)is high blood pressure for which there is no known cause;it is the most common type of elevated blood pressure.

Question 14

What is the purpose of performing a sympathectomy for clients with Buerger's disease?

Accepted Answer

A sympathectomy for clients with Buerger's disease is done to relieve pain and prevent vasospasm in the affected area.

Question 15

Secondary Raynaud's disease is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

When associated with a connective tissue or collagen vascular disease,medications,or occupational trauma,the condition is called Raynaud's phenomenon or secondary Raynaud's.

Question 16

The client diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)would be started on which medication immediately?

Accepted Answer

While no specific medical management is required for superficial phlebitis or thrombus (clot)except elevation of the extremity and mild analgesics,treatment of DVT requires the client to be placed on bed rest.Anticoagulant therapy,such as heparin,is initiated for clients who are at risk for phlebitis or thrombus formation,or for treatment if clots form;thrombolytic drugs are often prescribed for large areas of DVT.

Question 17

Which of the following may cause an aneurysm to develop?

Accepted Answer

The main cause of an aneurysm is atherosclerosis.Some aneurysms occur because of congenital conditions such as Marfan's syndrome or congenital trauma to the vessel wall.

Question 18

When conducting a nursing assessment of the vascular system,the nurse is alert for the presence of Virchow's triad,which includes pooling of blood,a coagulation problem,and:

Accepted Answer

Virchow's triad are the three factors leading to the formation of a clot and include the pooling of blood,a coagulation problem,and the presence of edema.

Question 19

In a vein-stripping procedure to treat severe varicose veins,which of these actions is involved?

Accepted Answer

Vein-stripping procedure involves the introduction of a wire into a vein.The wire has collapsible claws on the end.As the wire is withdrawn,the claws expand and strip the walls of the vein.

Question 20

Which type of medication would be used FIRST in treating hypertension (HTN)?

Accepted Answer

Medical management of HTN is directed toward keeping the client's blood pressure within normal limits.A stepped-care regimen is initiated,beginning with dietary and lifestyle modifications;the client's response to this step determines whether additional steps will be required.Medications such as diuretics or beta blockers are added as the second step;subsequent steps involve adding other medications or increasing dosages of initial medications if the client's blood pressure does not respond.A diet that is low in fat,cholesterol,and sodium is advised,along with a regular aerobic exercise program.

Quiz 36: Cardiovascular System

Which of the following factors will influence a client's stroke volume and cardiac output? (Select all that apply. )

Client teaching in Raynaud's disease should include which of the following?

If a positive Homans' sign is detected during assessment,the nurse should not perform this assessment again until a clot has been ruled out for which reason?

Which of the following statements about Buerger's disease is TRUE?

During a client's routine physical examination,an aortic aneurysm is detected.The client is distressed and says,"I know this is wrong because I don't have any symptoms or problems!" Which of these responses should the nurse make?

Primary Raynaud's disease is characterized by:

Client education for a client who has hypertension (HTN) would include avoiding which of the following foods?

Discharge teaching for the client recuperating from thrombophlebitis would include which of the following?

A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension (HTN) the stepped-care approach to keeping blood pressure within normal limits.Which of the following is part of the first step in this regimen?

Risk factors for hypertension (HTN) include which of the following?

Nursing interventions for the client with hypertension (HTN) would include all of the following.Which would increase client satisfaction and compliance with the prescribed treatment regimen?

Prior to elective surgery to repair an aneurysm,which of the following studies may be done?

Ninety-five percent (95%) of clients with hypertension (HTN) have essential HTN,which means that the cause of the HTN is:

What is the purpose of performing a sympathectomy for clients with Buerger's disease?

Secondary Raynaud's disease is characterized by:

The client diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) would be started on which medication immediately?

Which of the following may cause an aneurysm to develop?

When conducting a nursing assessment of the vascular system,the nurse is alert for the presence of Virchow's triad,which includes pooling of blood,a coagulation problem,and:

In a vein-stripping procedure to treat severe varicose veins,which of these actions is involved?

Which type of medication would be used FIRST in treating hypertension (HTN) ?